• 제목/요약/키워드: Species Conservation

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희귀식물 꼬리겨우살이의 분포와 생태적 특성 및 보전지위 평가 (Distribution, Habitat Characteristics and Assessment of the Conservation Status of a Rare Mistletoe Species, Loranthus tanakae(Loranthaceae) in Korea)

  • 이수광;정재민;김성식;우수영;강호덕
    • 한국산림과학회지
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    • 제102권3호
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    • pp.428-436
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    • 2013
  • 우리나라 희귀식물인 꼬리겨우살이(꼬리겨우살이과) 자생 집단의 효율적인 보전대책을 수립하기 위하여 자생 집단의 분포와 자생지 특성을 구명하고, 이를 토대로 보전지위 평가를 수행하였다. 한반도에서 꼬리겨우살이는 지리산에서부터 백두대간을 따라 설악산까지 분포하였으며, 전체 개체 중 97.8%가 강원도 지역에 집중분포 하였다. 그리고 꼬리겨우살이의 1,385개체가 480개의 기주식물에 기생하는 것으로 확인되었으며, 해발 353~1,250 m의 범위에서 광이 충분한 능선부위에 분포하는 것으로 관찰되었다. 꼬리겨우살이의 기주식물 범위는 5과 6속 10분류군(9종 1변종)이었으며, 그중 신갈나무에서 81.5%가 확인되어 가장 선호하는 결과를 보였다. 꼬리겨우살이의 분포와 자생지 특성조사 결과를 토대로 IUCN 적색목록 기준에 의한 보전지위를 평가한 결과 지역수준에서 VU등급으로 분류되었다. 그리고 꼬리겨우살이의 최대 분포지역인 설악산과 태기산, 오대산 지역에 대해 현지 내 보전구역으로 설정하여 집중보호를 해야 할 것으로 판단되었다. 이와 같이 꼬리겨우살이의 자생 집단의 지속가능한 보존을 위한 보전전략과 이를 위한 전략수립을 도출하였다.

New records of flowering plants collected from the Phou Khao Khouay National Biodiversity Conservation Area for the flora of Laos

  • LIM, Chang-Kun;LEE, Kyoung-Eun;CHO, Hyun-Sung;SAYSAVANH, Veosavanh;WON, Hyosig
    • 식물분류학회지
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    • 제51권3호
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    • pp.305-318
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    • 2021
  • We report 14 species of flowering plants as new additions to the flora of Laos. These are Illex viridis (Aquifoliaceae), Capparis erycibe (Capparaceae), Euphorbia bokorensis (Euphorbiaceae), Exacum darae (Gentianaceae), Aeschynanthus cambodiensis (Gesneriaceae), Tetraphyllum roseum (Gesneriaceae), Utricularia gibba (Lentibulariaceae), Macrosolen brandisianus (Loranthaceae), Decaschistia siamensis (Malvaceae), Nyssa yunnanensis (Nyssaceae), Adenia penangiana var. penangiana (Passifloraceae), Pentaphylax euryoides (Pentaphylacaceae), Wikstroemia bokorensis (Thymelaeaceae), and Debregeasia wallichiana (Urticaceae). We discovered the species during a botanical survey of the Phou Khao Khouay National Biodiversity Conservation Area (PKKNBCA) of Lao PDR in 2015-2019. In addition, nine rarely collected flowering plant species in Laos are newly reported for the PKKNBCA.

Morphological Characteristics of Endocarp in Relation to Seed Dormancy of 18 Rubus Species in Korea

  • Choi, Go Eun;Jeong, Mi jin;Lee, Hayan;Ko, Chang Duck;Park, Jae In;Ghimire, Balkrishna
    • 농업생명과학연구
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    • 제51권6호
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    • pp.15-22
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    • 2017
  • The microstructure observation of seed surface structure is needed for protocols of breaking dormancy of seeds with physical dormancy. The seeds of Rubus species are surrounded by a thick, hard endocarp; together, the seed and endocarp make up the stone. We evaluate stone characteristics of 18 species of Rubus through optical microscopic observation, and correlate different stone characteristics with endocarp thickness. As a result of stone size comparison, Rubus species were classified as big stones group including R. parvifolius and R. idaeus, small stones group including R. longisepalus var. longisepalus, R. corchorifolius and R. hirsutus, and middle stones group including rest of the species. The result of this study revealed that stone size and the endocarp thickness in Rubus species was various characteristics in each species. Furthermore stone size and stone weight were also well correlated endocarp thickness and result indicated that heavy stones had harder endocarp than lighter one. Thus from the result of this study it can be presumed that only one stone characteristic approach may be sufficient to estimate other characteristics in Rubus.

Marxan with Zones 적용을 통한 북한산국립공원 공원자연보존지구 재설정 방안 연구 (Re-establishment of Park Nature Conservation Area in Bukhansan (Mt.) National Park Using Marxan with Zones)

  • 염정헌;한봉호
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제26권2호
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    • pp.133-146
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    • 2017
  • This study aimed to develop strategies to re-establish the Park Nature Conservation Area in Bukhansan National Park, reflecting landscape ecological value by using the zonation program Marxan with Zones. Planning unit was set by watershed, and the basic data were mapped, considering topographical and ecological values. Mapped indicators were analyzed with the application framework of Marxan with Zones by indexing some indicators. The zones divided into Park Nature Conservation Area (Zone A), Park Nature Environment Area I(Zone B) which is reflected on the concept of Potential Park Nature Conservation Area and Park Nature Environment Area II(Zone C). The best solution for each of the scenarios was fixed through the sensitiveness analysis. From these, the final solution was selected considering five criteria including area ratio of conservation area and grouping. Lastly, the final solution was verified in the overlapped analysis with recent zonation. According to the results, the number of watersheds was 77, with an average area of $1,007,481m^2$. In terms of basic mapping and indexation, the slope index and number of landscape resources for topographical property were average 0.22 and 38 places, respectively. Biotope index was average 0.69 and legally protected species was 14 species, reflecting ecological values. As the social and economic indicators, trail index was average 0.04, and the number of tour and management facilities was 43 places. Through the framework of Marxan with Zones, the best solution for scenario 1 which was set by the highest conservation criteria was selected as the final solution, and the area ratio of Park Nature Conservation Area and grouping was excellent. As the result of overlapped analysis, suggested zonation of the Park Nature Conservation was better than the recent zonation in the area raito (28.3%), biotope grade I(15.4%) and the distribution points (10 places) of legally protected species with verification of proper distribution of conservation features according to the zone.

생물종(生物種) 다양성(多樣性) 및 삼림유전자원(森林遺傳資源) 보존(保存) 전략(戰略) (Strategy for Bio-Diversity and Genetic Conservation of Forest Resources in Korea)

  • 박용구
    • 한국산림과학회지
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    • 제83권2호
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    • pp.191-204
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    • 1994
  • 삼림의 급격한 황폐화의 원인은 지구 환경의 악화와 무분별한 목재 자원의 남벌에 있다. 이러한 대규모의 삼림자원의 파괴에 의해 사라져가는 삼림 면적의 크기도 중요하지만 그에 못지 않게 그 안에 들어있는 식물종이 감소되어 가고 멸종되어 가는 것이 더욱 큰 문제가 된다. 이러한 종의 감소나 멸종이 가시적인 것이라고 한다면 종내의 유전변이의 감소는 눈에 보이지는 않지만 진화과정에 있어서 종을 유지하는데 필수적인 유전자 변이 폭이 좁아지기 때문에 매우 심각한 문제가 된다. 재배작물에 있어서 유전자 보존은 육종을 위한 측면에서 중요한 연구분야로 인식되어 왔다. 그러나 야생종인 삼림의 경우에는 현재 인간이 육종에 필요한 최소한의 개체만 유지 보존함으로써 유전변이가 심하게 축소되어 지속적으로 생존 진화할 수 있는 기본적 유전자 변이를 잃어버리게 될 위험에 처할 수 있기 때문에 삼림의 유전자보존이 절대적으로 필요한 것이다. 현재의 삼림 유전자 보존 정책은 현지보존, 현지외 보존, 시설내 보존으로 나누어 수행하고 있는데 아직도 그 방법이 확정되어 있지 않아서 많은 시행착오를 거듭하고 있다. 특히 광범위하게 분포되어 있는 같은 종의 삼림내 임목들간의 유전자변이를 조사 분석할 적당한 방법이 없으며 (동위효소변이에 많은 것을 의존하고 있으나 동위효소변이만으로 충분하지 못하다), 현지보존의 경우에도 얼마나 큰 집단을 또 어떤 행태로 보존해야 하는가에 대한 집단유전학적 이론 정립이 완전하지 못하다. 또한 현지외 보존의 경우 현지보존림의 유전변이를 빠짐없이 포함되도록 조성해야 할 구체적인 방법을 알지 못하고 있는 실정에 있다. 시설내 보존의 경우 종자 보관이나 화분 보관과 같은 기술적인 것은 재배작물의 방법을 적용하면 되지만 어떤 집단의 종자나 화분을 채집 보관해야 하는지에 대한 집단유전학적 근거가 아직 확실히 마련되고 있지 않다. 시설내 보존인 경우 기왕에 육종에 의해 선발된 개체를 유전자형(개체) 상태로 보존함으로써 부가가치를 높일 수 있을 것이며, 이러한 연구는 새롭게 개발되고 있는 조직배양 및 유전공학적 기법을 이용하므로써 발전할 수 있는 여지가 많은 연구 분야이다. 현지보존의 경우 유전자 보존만의 목적으로 조성된 삼림뿐만 아니라 다른 목적으로 보호 받고 있는 많은 삼림, 예를 들면 국립, 도립공원, 보안림, 노거수 등에 대한 적절한 생태유전학적인 연구를 통하여 유전자원으로 이용할 수 있는 방법이 강구되어야 하며, 현지외 보존의 경우에도 유전자원 보존림의 조성 뿐만 아니라 임목육종과정에서 기 조성되어 있는 채종원, 산지시험림, 차대검정림, 클론보존원 등에 대해서도 적절한 유전학적 연구 조사를 수행함으로써 현지외 유전자 보존림으로 이용할 수 있게 될 것이다.

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영종도 북부지역의 조류 종다양도를 이용한 격자별 공간 분석 (Grid Cell Analysis using Species Diversity Index of Birds in the Northern Area of Yeongjong Island, Incheon, Korea)

  • 강종현;조항수;이윤경;김동원;김창회;김명진;배양섭
    • 환경영향평가
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    • 제21권5호
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    • pp.649-664
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    • 2012
  • The grid cell analysis is used to select good sites as habitats at the region. The northern area of Yeongjong Island, Incheon has been disturbing by habitat loss due to human activities such as residential development, deforestation. In order to determine significant places as bird habitats and to select conservation areas at this island, the study area was divided into 70 grid cells($500{\times}500m$ each grid) and then each grid was ranked by spatial analysis using the species diversity index. Fieldwork was carried out in Spring and Autumn of 2010. To examine grid cells which were ranked high in both seasons in common, we used the average ranking value, combined data from two seasons. This area consists of mainly agricultural areas and forests(more than 68%) among eight habitat types: the agricultural land, forest, coast, lake, meadow, stream, city and other things. A total of 110 species was recorded: 4,183 birds of 102 species in Spring and 3,326 birds of 58 species in Autumn. In other words, the number of individuals and species was higher in Spring than in Autumn. Species diversity index presented the highest value at M8 grid cell in Spring(3.380) and at A4 gird cell in Autumn(2.736). In 18 of 22 grid cells where the average ranking value was higher than 3, the forest was distributed and in 4 grid cells, the coast and wetland were widely distributed, in which theses were located apart from human-associated disturbances such as construction works for a leisure complex. Our results present a new estimate method not only to minimize loss of bird habitats but also to conserve important habitats when the large-scale development takes place at particular region.

Seoul, Keep Your Paddies! Implications for the Conservation of Hylid Species

  • Borzee, Amael;Ahn, Jaeha;Kim, Sanha;Heo, Kyongman;Jang, Yikweon
    • Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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    • 제31권3호
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    • pp.176-181
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    • 2015
  • Biodiversity is plummeting worldwide, and the major causes of such decline include habitat degradation and climate change. While cities do contribute to the negative impact to the environment, they can also serve as strategic centres for conservation programs. Sites qualifying as biogeographic islands within metropolitan Seoul were studied for the occurrence of two hylid species: the endangered Hyla suweonensis and the abundant H. japonica. This study demonstrates that neither habitat diversity nor surface area, but solely the occurrence of aggregated rice paddies is a requisite for H. suweonensis, hypothetically due to its strict breeding requirements. On the contrary, H. japonica occurrence was not affected by any of these factors, and all types of habitats studied were adequate for this species. The presence of an endangered species within the boundaries of one of the most populated metropolises suggests a strong natural resilience, which should be enhanced with appropriate actions. We emphasize that the management plans therein can, and should, be used as the first step in the conservation of H. suweonensis in metropolitan Seoul.

신불산 고산 습지의 생태적 특성과 관리방안 연구 (Management Program and Ecological Characteristics of Forest Wetlands located at Sinbul Mountain)

  • 이기철;남정칠
    • 한국습지학회지
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.1-14
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    • 2008
  • 본 연구에서는 신불산 고산 습지의 식물상 생태조사 결과를 중심으로 지속가능한 습지 생태계 관리와 : 현명한 이용방안을 수립하였다. 총 167종의 식물이 동정되었으며, 그 중 고산 습지식물인 진퍼리새가 우점종으로 규명되었고, 한국특산종인 개족도리, 감소추세종인 끈끈이주걱, 이삭귀개 등이 분포하고 있어 보존의 가치가 높다. 신불산 고산습지 습지 생태계를 보호하기 위해 국가 습지보호지역으로 지정, 습지 보호를 위한 감시 및 단속활동, 지속적인 모니터링 및 현명한 관리를 위한 다양한 방안을 모색하였다.

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충남지역에 자생하는 희귀식물의 분포특성 (Distributional Characteristics of Rare Plants Native to Chungnam Area in Korea)

  • 신학섭;한상학;최철현;손성원;윤충원
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.83-98
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    • 2018
  • This study was conducted on rare plants distributed in Chungnam area from April, 2012 to November, 2017. The rare plant populations that are emerging are: Utricularia pilosa, Jeffersonia dubia, Iris ruthenica, Tipularia japonica, Calanthe discolor, Parasenecio pseudotaimingasa, Ranunculus kazusensis, Berchemia racemosa, Pogonia minor and Glehnia littoralis. According to the criteria of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), plant resources in the rare species category were one important type (CR), three hazardous species (EN) and six vulnerable species (VU). As a result of analyzing characteristics of ecological environment and threats, five types of habitat types, two aquatic areas, two types of flatland and coastal sand dune distribution types were analyzed. The decreasing tendency of the rare plant populations in the surveyed area is judged to be artificial disturbance and habitat destruction rather than climate or environmental change. Considering the characteristics of habitat, conservation measures should be prepared for each population.

First Report of Gray Mold Disease on Endangered Species Cypripedium japonicum

  • Jeon, Chang-Wook;Kim, Da-Ran;Gang, Geun Hye;Kim, Byung-Bu;Kim, Nam Ho;Nam, Seong-Yeol;Kwak, Youn-Sig
    • Mycobiology
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    • 제48권5호
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    • pp.423-426
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    • 2020
  • Cypripedium japonicum is known to be the indigenous plant to Korea, Japan, and China. However, C. japonicum represents the most critically endangered plant species in South Korea. The plant is esthetically pleasing due to its flower, which is larger than any other orchidaceous species. Disease symptoms relating to gray mold were observed on C. japonicum in May 2019. The suspected pathogen was successfully isolated from the symptomatic leaf tissue and conducted a pure culture of the fungi. The conidia formed consisted of a colorless or light brown single cell, which was either egg or oval-shaped with a size of 7.1 to 13.4 × 5.2 to 8.6 ㎛. Molecular phylogenetic relationship analysis was also confirmed that the pathogen concerned belonging to the family of Botrytis cinerea. Therefore, the findings confirmed that the pathogen isolated from C. japonicum was consistent with the unique properties of B. cinerea.