• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1991년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.900-904
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• 1991

In this paper, our study for the recognition of Hand-written Korean characters, Arabic numbers and alphabets by neural netwoks. This System extracts feature of character by using the MESH feature point of handwritten character, Arabic numbers and alphabets. To reduce the input image data, features are extracted from each input images. A MLP(multi-layer perceptron) with one hidden layer was trained with a modified BEP(back error propagation) algorithm. This method extracts feature sets of the characters directly from the scanner and can enhance computation speed without using the special preprocesses such as size normalization, smoothing, and thinning.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.37-51
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• 1974

Three strains which accumulated large quantities of L-hlutamic acid as the chief product of metabolism in the presence of glucose and inorhanic ammonium salt under the aerobic condition sere newly isolated. These strains have the general characters as follows: Gram-positive, short fod-shaped, non-sporulating, non-motile, and facultative anaerobe. A change of cell shates was not almost observed in their life cycles and neither a phenomenon of cell-elongation nor a pleomorphism was recognized in any cases. Together with rigid stability in Gram-stain, these characters as above indicated evidences that newly isolates would belong to genus Brevibacterium clearly differentiated from genus Corynebacterium. At the same time the newly isolates, in addition to nutritional requirement of biotin and thiamine, showed the distinctive character of requirement of special amino acid such as histidine or cysteine for their considerable growth. These physiological characters including nitrates reduction, reaction on milk, and slow formation of acid from sugar also were useful in confirming that these bacteria would be Brevibacterium ammoniagenes.

• 한국통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국통신학회 1983년도 춘계학술발표회논문집
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• pp.18-28
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• 1983

This paper describes the result of a series of fundamental researches on a word processing system, named WORD80. Given the text consisting of Ilanguel characters, Chinese characters, English alphabets and other special characters, it can provide-ㄴo-see printout, after having processed according to the commands used to control the output format of the text. Since each Hanguel character in input text is made up of and is represented as some compoents, it uses the deterministic finite automata for the formation of Hanguel from its components. When developed at first, the WORD80 can perform Hanguel to Chinese transition character by character by character. But it was thought to be more practical to do this word by word.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.22-32
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• 2022

Optical character recognition is a primary technology required in different fields, including digitizing archival documents, industrial automation, automatic driving, video analytics, medicine, and financial institution, among others. It was created in 1928 using pattern matching, but with the advent of artificial intelligence, it has since evolved into a high-performance character recognition technology. Recently, methods for detecting curved text and characters existing in a complicated background are being studied. Additionally, deep learning models are being developed in a way to recognize texts in various orientations and resolutions, perspective distortion, illumination reflection and partially occluded text, complex font characters, and special characters and artistic text among others. This report reviews the recent deep learning-based text detection and recognition methods and their various applications.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.435-441
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• 2020

본 연구는 전통적으로 여성혐오적인 장르인 한국형 느와르 장르에서 2000년대 들어 여성을 주인공으로 설정하는 사례가 목도되는 데 주목하여 최근작인 영화 <미옥>에 대한 젠더 정치학적 관점의 분석을 시도했다. 구체적으로 장르적 삼요소, 등장인물의 정체성과 가족 관계, 오이디푸스 궤적의 문제를 중심으로 내러티브 분석을 진행했다. 영화 <미옥>은 여성 주인공에게 모성애를 기입하고 남성의 순애보를 강조하는 내러티브, 여성 주인공의 생물학적 정체성을 증거하는 모성에 관한 플래시백, 남성적 관음증에 따른 거세공포를 약화하는 기호 등을 담보한다. 그리고 정체성의 분열과 가족 관계의 균열을 묘사하며 젠더 정체성의 혼란과 가족 멜로물로의 내러티브적 변질이 나타난다. 한편 영화가 여성 주인공의 모성을 타자를 품는 대안적인 특질로 확장하는 대신 생물학적인 것으로 환원하면서 여성적 오이디푸스 궤적의 완수에 실패하게 한다. 이러한 연구결과를 통해 조폭 느와르라는 장르가 젠더 정치학과 긴밀한 연관을 맺고 있으며 젠더 편향에서 온전히 벗어나지 못하고 있음을 고찰할 수 있었다.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 1996년도 10월 학술대회지
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• pp.456-463
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• 1996

In this paper, we discussed three cases to see the effects of the characteristics of Hangul writing system. In applications such as computer Hangul shorthands for ordinary people and pushbuttons with Hangul characters engraved, we found that there is much advantage in using Hangul. In case of Hangul Transliteration, we discussed some problems which are related with the characteristics of Hangul writing system. Shorthands use 3-set keyboards in England, America, and Korea. We saw how ordinary people can do computer Hangul shorthands, whereas only experts can do computer shorthands in other countries. Specifically, the facts that 1) Hangul characters are grouped into syllables (syllabic blocks) and that 2) there is already a 3-set Hangul keyboard for ordinary people allow ordinary people to do computer Hangul shorthands without taking special training as with English shorthands. This study was done by the author under the codename of 'Sejong 89'. In contrast like QWERTY or DVORAK, a 2-set Hangul keyboard cannot be used for shorthands. In case of English pushbuttons, one digit is associated with only one character. However, by engraving only syllable-initial characters on the phone pushbuttons, we can associate one Hangul "syllable" with one digit. Therefore, for a given number of digits, we can associate longer words or more meaningful words in Hangul than in English. We discussed the problems of the Hangul Transliteration system proposed by South Korea and suggested their solutions, if available. 1) We are incorrectly using the framework of transcription for transliteration. To solve the problem, the author suggests that a) we include all complex characters in the transliteration table, and that b) we specify syllable-initial and -final characters separately in the table. 2) The proposed system cannot represent independent characters and incomplete syllables. 3) The proposed system cannot distinguish between syllable-initial and -final characters.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.60-76
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• 2009

Expression of woman characters in fusion traditional dramas plays a role of making the progress of dramas not bigoted and new. Especially, woman characters have a high weight as a heroine by an increase in their image in fusion traditional dramas. Expression of characters harmonizing modern with tradition has also given a help in reflecting a trend of the present times. Hair style and face makeup of woman characters in fusion traditional dramas are in the process of fusionization getting an effect from postmodernism. They are expressing the hair style of symbolization modern elements of hair style to traditional hair styles. They also expressed a neutral image with faded hair styles in the shaggy cut style and dye of neoplaticism. Neo-hippie style was changed into the style of naturalism and nationalism and the hair style braided in various branches as the one of Indians was changed into a primitive and national feature. It is producing a new style by permitting even a long-hair permanent wave hair style. Expression of straight hair style, a long-hair shaggy & bulging wave style and a hair style of neoplaticism, was distinguished. In the side of face makeup, they expressed its luxurious and splendid style by attaching great importance to its luster and are exposing images of characters by a smoky makeup emphasizing eye lines. Their face makeup was almost never separated from present dramas as using pearl shadow in a glossy lips makeup and color, which made it possible to express it more dramatically in fusion traditional dramas than in present dramas. In the event of the makeup element of fusion traditional dramas permitting diversity, the character makeup of fusion traditional dramas made a foundation to show people diverse elements of makeup by mix & match a present elements and past elements of historical research, which made it possible to express a unique makeup or a special makeup. Diverse makeup expressions were limited by reflection of illumination even in the existing videos. Therefore, 'Fusion' made it possible to express it more freely in fusion traditional dramas than in present dramas.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.209-216
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to know the important design element for a public library, after analyzing design concept and organization of space of the prize winner at the architectural competition. To carry out the research, the best 31 works between the year of 2005 and 2010 were collected by the architectural magazine A&C published in every other month. During the research, special characters of each prize winner have been analyzed in the aspect of the design concept and the organization of space. While working on the design concept, a factor that created such concept was successfully figured out, and studying on the organization of space enabled us to know the special characters of the interior space. According to the result of the analysis in this study, the design elements which are selected highly frequent are ordered as follows; (1)organization of space, (2)function & shape, (3)circulation, (4)landscape, (5)symbolic aspect. Through the analysis for the organization of space, I reach a conclusion, the frequent type is a "PM-ES-CJ". The study is anticipated to be helpful in understanding the trends in the field of designing a public library, and it is also likely for an architect to use it as a reference.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2004

Phragmites australis is the dominant and constructive species among plant communities in the wetlands of the downstream of Yellow River, China. Its morphological characters were high variable in different habitats. Studies on Morphological and RAPD variation of 15 P. australis populations from this region showed that soil salinity was the dominant ecological factor that affected the morphological characters of P. australis. The basal diameter, height, leaf length, leaf width, internode length, internode accounts, panicle length were negatively related to salinity. 194 loci were amplified by RAPD, of which 9 loci was highly negative-related to salinity, and showed a tendency to prefer the habitats with fresh water. 4 loci were positively related to the salinity, and showed a tendency to prefer the salinized habitats. Most loci were neutral to salinity. The morphological and genetic characters of BZH were special, and the speciality should not be determined by salinity. The morphological characters were affected by genetic information and environment. The morphological characters should change gradually and continuously along environmental gradient under plasticity, but should changed continuously or not in genetic control. The relevancies among quantitive characters, ecological factors and genetic variation in natural populations still will still be a focus and difficulty of ecological genetics of P. australis in the future.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제19_20호
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• pp.29-32
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• 1990

The Arae Hangul wordprocessor is one of the most famous software in Korea. It is very useful to linguists In that it has various systems of foreign characters and enables us to edit enough new ones freely. It has already a broad system of the IPA, which cannot be used for narrow transcription. The writer proposes here a full system of the IPA revised to 1979, which you can get from the Phonetic Society of Korea or Hangul & Computer Co., Ltd., free of charge. To use the new system of the IPA in the Arae Hangul wordprocessor, you must replace six revised files: (1) SPECIAL2.SFT, (2) SPECIAL2.PFT, (3)SPECIAL2.PFT, (4)ASCII.SFT, (5)ASCII.PFT, (6)ASCII.LFT.