• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.111-122
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• 2012

This study is to evaluate the classification system of rural-villages remodeling components which is provided for improving the quality of life for rural community by improvement of settlement environment. To achieve this, rural-villages remodeling components are classified according to the spatial structure of rural area through analysis of literature, then we have examined the applicability through case studies after modification work which is based on experts's discussion and rearrangement by pilot investigation of researcher. In the classification system of rural-villages remodeling classified productivity area, residential area, community area in first group and this classification is divided into 6 space to production, 4 space to residence, 5 space to community in second group by literature search, pilot investigation of researcher and field survey. The subject elements surveyed a total of 123 through the literature search, additionally, 1 element at a space to production and space to community in field survey for types in zoning cases. As a result, categories and items are decided that it is included 125 target elements.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.15-26
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• 2012

Recently, due to applicability increase of vector data based digital map for geographic information and evolution of geographic measurement techniques, large volumed GIS(geographic information service) services having high resolution and large volumed data are flowing actively. This paper proposed an efficient vector map compression technique using the SEC(spatial energy compaction) based on classified bins for the vector map having 1cm detail and hugh range. We encoded polygon and polyline that are the main objects to express geographic information in the vector map. First, we classified 3 types of bins and allocated the number of bits for each bin using adjacencies among the objects. and then about each classified bin, energy compaction and or pre-defined VLC(variable length coding) were performed according to characteristics of classified bins. Finally, for same target map, while a vector simplification algorithm had about 13%, compression ratio in 1m resolution we confirmed our method having more than 80% encoding efficiencies about original vector map in the 1cm resolution. Also it has not only higher compression ratio but also faster computing speed than present SEC based compression algorithm through experimental results. Moreover, our algorithm presented much more high performances about accuracy and computing power than vector approximation algorithm on same data volume sizes.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.51 no.8
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• pp.629-642
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• 2018

Future variability of the spatial patterns of rainfall events is the point of water-related risks and impacts of climate change. Recent related researches are mostly conducted based on the outcomes from General Circulation Models (GCMs), especially Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, phase 5 (CMIP5) GCMs which are the most advanced version of climate modeling system. GCM data have been widely used for various studies as the data utility keep getting improved. Meanwhile the model performances especially for raw GCM outputs are rarely evaluated prior to the applications although the process would essential for reasonable use of model forecasts. This study attempt to quantitatively evaluate the skills of 29 CMIP5 GCMs in reproducing spatial climatologies of precipitation in East Asia. We used 3 different gridded observational data as the references available over the study area and calculated correlation and errors of spatial patterns simulated by GCMs. As a result, the study presented diversity of the GCM evaluation in the performance, rank, or accuracy by different configurations, such as target area, evaluation method, and observation data. Yet, we found that Hadley-centre affiliated models comparatively performs better for the meso-scale area in East Asia and MPI_ESM_MR and CMCC family showed better performance specifically for the korean peninsula. We expect that the results and thoughts of this study would be considered in screening suitable GCMs for specific area, and finally contribute to extensive utilization of the results from climate change related researches.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.400-407
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• 2024

The role of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in modern warfare is increasingly significant, making their capacity for autonomous missions essential. Accordingly, autonomous target detection/identification based on captured images is crucial, yet the effectiveness of AI models depends on image sharpness. Therefore, this study describes how to determine the field of view (FOV) of the camera and the flight position of the UAV considering the required spatial resolution. Firstly, the calculation of the size of the acquisition area is discussed in relation to the relative position of the UAV and the FOV of the camera. Through this, this paper first calculates the area that can satisfy the spatial resolution and then calculates the relative position of the UAV and the FOV of the camera that can satisfy it. Furthermore, this paper propose a method for calculating the effective range of the UAV's position that can satisfy the required spatial resolution, centred on the coordinate to be photographed. This is then processed into a tabular format, which can be used for mission planning.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.579-586
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• 2010

Due to the recent development of measuring technology and 3D programs, it has become possible to obtain various spatial data. This study utilizes the 2-dimensional data and 3-dimensional data extraction technology based on the existing empirical and statistical DB. The data obtained from geospatial data technology are integrated with civil engineering BIM to conduct the modeling of the topography of the target region and select the optimum location condition by using the cut and fill balance of the volume of earth. The target area is the land around Tamjin River, Jangheong-gun, Jeolla-do. The 3-dimensional topology linked with 3-dimensional mapping technology by using the orth-image and aerial LiDAR that uses aerial photo of the target area is visualized with Civil3D of AutoDesk. By using Civil3D program, the Thanks to the recent development of measuring technology and 3D programs, target area is analyzed through visualization and related data can be obtained for analysis. The method of using civil engineering BIM enables to obtain various and accurate information about the target area which is helpful for addressing the issues risen from the existing methodology. In this regard, it aims at searching for the alternatives and provides suggestions to utilize the information.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.29-52
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• 2006

There has been a claim that Interaction between the cerebral hemispheres could reduce the effect interfering information (Weissman & Banich, 1999). We ran three experiments to show that between-hemisphere separation of target and distractor could be more effective for reducing interference than Interaction between the hemispheres. In experiment 1, a colored box and a rotor name were presented to a single or to separate hemispheres. In experiment 2 and 3, a colored circle (distractor) was presented along with a colored box and a color name which was always printed in black. In experiment 3, a peripheral cue was presented either to the target location(66.7%) or to the distractor location(33.3%) Immediately before the presentation of stimuli. In all experiments, the participants were asked to deride whether the moaning of the color matched the rotor of the box, Ignoring the printed rotor of the word(Exp. 1), or the color of the circle(Exp. 2 & 3). There were three renditions of distractor (congruent, incongruent, and neutral) and two conditions of matching (between- and within-hemisphere matching). If interhemispheric interaction were effective for interference reduction, there should be a decrease in the interference in the between-hemisphere compared to the within-hemisphere matching condition. The results showed that there was no difference in the interference between the two matching conditions in Exp 1. In Exp 2 and in the target-cue renditions of Exp. 3, the amount of interference in the between-hemisphere condition was greater than that in the within-hemisphere condition. These findings are consistent with what we have previously reported (Sohn et al., 1996, Sohn & Lee, 2003). However, when the distractor was precued in Exp. 3, the amount of interference did not differ between the two marching conditions. These results suggest that between-hemisphere separation of target and distractor can be more effective for reducing response interference than interhemispheric communication. It implies a possible role of an interhemispheric shielding mechanism (Merola & Liederman, 1985) to prevent the transfer of task-irrelevant, harmful information across the hemispheres.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.37-46
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• 2012

We tested the effects of endogenous attention and reorienting on the performance of detection task. In the classic detection paradigm of Posner and Cohen (1980), performance on target detection is measured, where target appears either on the same or difference spatial location of cue stimulus after brief period of SOA (stimulus onset asynchrony). In this study, we induced exogenous attention by manipulating predictability of cue for target, and also induced reorientation by inserting additional (reorienting) cue between initial cue and target. Experiment 1 had three conditions of reorienting speed: Early, middle, and late. Facilitation and IOR (inhibition of return) occurred in different forms depending on SOA and reorienting speed, but we were not able to discover interpretable pattern in the results. However, reanalysis of early reorienting condition revealed that facilitation and IOR occurred in a crossed manner where short SOA found facilitation and long SOA did IOR, the typical results of simple detection task. Experiment 2 collected additional data to replicate the results in early reorienting condition of experiment 1. The results obtained that facilitation occurred with short SOA and IOR with long SOA. These results contrast with those of Wright and Richard (2000) where they reported elimination of IOR when cue had predictability of target locations. These results suggest that additional cue (here, orienting cue), which rapidly appears before extinction of IOR by prior cue, brings about double IOR. The present research demonstrates that even when attention is allocated to certain location via endogenous mechanism, rapidly repeating cues in certain location maximizes IOR that offsets the effects of endogenous attention to the same location.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.37 no.5_1
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• pp.885-901
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• 2021

This paper illustratesthe impact of the temporal gap between satellite images and targetsize in mesoscale atmospheric motion vector (AMV) algorithm. A test has been performed using GEO-KOMPSAT-2A (GK2A) rapid-scan data sets with a temporal gap varying between 2 and 10 minutes and a targetsize between 8×8 and 40×40. Resultsshow the variation of the number of AMVs produced, mean AMV speed, and validation scores as a function of temporal gap and target size. As a results, it was confirmed that the change in the number of vectors and the normalized root-mean squared vector difference (NRMSVD) became more pronounced when smaller targets are used. In addition, it was advantageous to use shorter temporal gap and smaller target size for the AMV calculation in the lower layer, where the average speed is low and the spatio-temporal scale of atmospheric phenomena is small. The temporal gap and the targetsize are closely related to the spatial and temporalscale of the atmospheric circulation to be observed with AMVs. Thus, selecting the target size and temporal gap for an optimum calculation of AMVsrequires considering them. This paper recommendsthat the optimized configuration to be used operationally for the near-real time analysis of mesoscale meteorological phenomena is 4-min temporal gap and 16×16 pixel target size, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.474-480
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• 2019

We propose a method to evaluate a Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) using a circular target. In addition, a MATLAB GUI-based resolution analysis tool was developed to enhance the reliability of UAV image quality and the efficiency of the work. For this purpose, images were taken with an FC-6310 during flights at altitudes of 80 m, 120 m, and 150 m and by an iXM-100 at altitudes of 150 m, 200 m, and 400 m. The MTFs of UAV images were compared with traditional photogrammetry by measuring and analyzing MTFs on images taken by the UltraCAM Eagle Mark-2 sensor at a flight altitude of 1000 m. The results show that ${\sigma}MTF$ of the FC-6310 were 0.431(80 m), 0.524(120 m), and 0.699(150 m), and those of the iXM-100 were 0.332(150 m), 0.393(200 m), and 0.631(400 m), respectively. At the altitude of 150 m, the image quality of the iXM-100, which has a high-performance camera, was very high, and the effect of the camera performance on the image quality was confirmed. In addition, the ${\sigma}MTF$ of the UltraCAM Eagle Mark-2 was 0.711 due to the high flight altitude. This was the worst value among all UAV images. However, the ${\sigma}MTF$ of the FC-6310 at 150-m altitude was 0.699, which is almost the same as that of a manned aerial image.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.69-77
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• 2022

The 3D spatial model is an analysis framework for solving urban problems and is used in various fields such as urban planning, environment, land and housing management, and disaster simulation. The utilization of drones that can capture 3D images in a short time at a low cost is increasing for the construction of 3D spatial model. In terms of building a virtual city and utilizing simulation modules, high location accuracy of aerial survey and precision of 3D spatial model function as important factors, so a method to increase the accuracy has been proposed. This study analyzed location accuracy of aerial survey and precision of 3D spatial model by each condition of aerial survey for urban areas where buildings are densely located. We selected Daerim 2-dong, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul as a target area and applied shooting angle, shooting altitude, and overlap rate as conditions for the aerial survey. In this study, we calculated the location accuracy of aerial survey by analyzing the difference between an actual survey value of CPs and a predicted value of 3D spatial Model. Also, We calculated the precision of 3D spatial Model by analyzing the difference between the position of Point cloud and the 3D spatial Model (3D Mesh). As a result of this study, the location accuracy tended to be high at a relatively high rate of overlap, but the higher the rate of overlap, the lower the precision of 3D spatial model and the higher the shooting angle, the higher precision. Also, there was no significant relationship with precision. In terms of baseline-height ratio, the precision tended to be improved as the baseline-height ratio increased.