• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.120-132
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• 2022

Recently, the rapid increase in vacant houses in urban areas has caused various problems such as worsening urban landscape, causing safety accidents, crime accidents, and hygiene problems. According to the Statistics Korea Future Population Estimation results, the growth rate of Korean population and households is expected to continue to decrease, which is likely to lead to an increase in the occurrence of vacant houses. If the problem caused by the occurrence of vacant houses is neglected, it causes not only a physical decline such as a deterioration of the residential environment but also a social and economic decline. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to grasp the spatial distribution characteristics of vacant houses at the local level considering the existence of regional characteristics and spatial influence. Therefore, in this study, in order to measure global spatial autocorrelation, the analysis was conducted centering on the old downtown area of Busan, where there are many vacant houses through Moran's I and Geographically Weighted Regression(GWR). In addition, the distribution of vacant houses in different spatial units in Eup_Myeon_Dong and Census was analyzed to evaluate the possibility of Modifiable Areal Unit Problem(MAUP), which differ in the results of spatial analysis as the spatial analysis units change. As a result of the analysis, the occurrence of vacant houses by Eup_Myeon_Dong in the old downtown area of Busan had spatial heterogeneity, and the spatial analysis results of vacant houses were different as the spatial analysis units were different. Accordingly, in order to understand the exact distribution characteristics of vacant house occurrence, spatial dimensions using the GWR model should be considered, and it is suggested that consideration of the MAUP is necessary.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.11-21
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• 2018

This paper explores the structure of space in architecture from a viewpoint that individual unitized spaces are gathered to form the whole. To understand the spatial structure of architecture, firstly we need to understand each unitized spaces, and secondly, one must understand how the following adjacent spaces are connected to form the whole building. this gives salience to a fact that understanding the whole comprehensively. It is the most fundamental bases that must be understood and unitized when understanding the spatial structure of an existing building and designing a new one. It is necessary to hypostatize space as an abstract notion. In regards to this space examines the logical flow of structure within actual space. Hypostasieren process includes the process of shaping space and the shape information. In this process we need to refer to the properties of space and the morphological characteristics of physical elements. The segment of the unitized space is the realization process of the basic space. This study aims to provide a theoretical basis for analysis and design of spatial structure by comparing several representative methods of segmenting unitized space.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2017

The V-world, korean type spatial information open platform, provides various services to easily utilize 2D, 3D map and administrative information of the country. Among them, V-world 3D map service, modeled in individual building unit, require requests for each building model file and the draw calls for drawing models on the screen by the request. This causes a large number of model requests and draw calls to occur that increase the latency occurring during the transmission and conversion process between the central processing unit(CPU) and the graphic processing unit(GPU), which lead to the performance degradation of the 3D map service. In this paper, we propose a performance improvement plan to reduce the performance degradation of 3D map service caused by multiple model requests and draw calls. Therefore, we tried to reduce the number of requests and draw calls for the model file by applying a 3D tile model that combined multiple building models to single tile. In addition, we applied the quadtree algorithm to reduce the time required to load the model file by shortening the retrieval time of the model. This is expected to contribute to improving the performance of 3D map service of V-world.

• Water for future
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.76-86
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• 1976

The 30-year design flood hydrograph for the Musim Representative Basin, one of the study basins of the International Hydrological Program, is synthesized by the method of unit hydrograph. The theory of unit hydrograph has been well known for a long time. However, the synthesis of flood hydrograph by this method for a basin with insufficient hydrologic data is not an easy task and hence, assumptions and engineering judgement must be exercized. In this paper, the problems often encountered in applying the unit hydrograph method are exposed and solved in detail based on the theory and rational judgement. The probability rainfall for Cheonju Station is transposed to the Musim Basin since it has not been analyzed due to short period of rainfall record. The duration of design rainfall was estimated based on the time of concentration for the watershed. The effective rainfall was determined from the design rainfall using the SCS method which is commonly used for a small basin. The spatial distribution of significant storms was expressed as a dimensionless rainfall mass curve and hence, it was possible to determine the hyetograph of effective design storm. To synthesize the direct runoff hydrograph the 15-min. unit hydrograph was derived by the S-Curve method from the 1-hr unit hydrograph which was obtained from the observed rainfall and runoff data, and then it was applied to the design hyetograph. The exsisting maximum groundwater depletion curve was derived by the base flow seperation. Hence, the design flood hydrograph was obtained by superimposing the groundwater depletion curve to the computed direct runoff hydrograph resulting from the design storm.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.163-173
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• 2012

In this study, the spatial analysis of the multi-housing unit plans was investigated since 1990 for the winners at the architectural competition which was held nationwide in Germany. The investigation was carried out from January in 1990 to December in 2010. 201Unit plans were analyzed. Space syntax model is used as analyzing tool of the Unit plans. The results of the study indicate followings: 1) The interior spaces in 3LDK types and 4LDK types, ordered by high value of integration are; (1) corridor, (2) entrance hall, (3) living room, (4) dining room. 2) The value of integration for the kitchen is higher in L/DK type than in LD/K type, and that for the living room is higher in LD/K type than in L/DK type. The mean value of integration for L/DK type is higher than that for LD/K type. This means that traffic line efficiency of L/DK type is higher than that of LD/K type. 3) The value of integration for corridor and entrance hall is gradually lower in recent years. That is, the type of Unit plans are changing from corridor types to hall types.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.47-51
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of contrast sensitivity by prescribing tinted lenses and to provide the clinical manual. Methods: Contrast sensitivity was measured for twenty adults with normal vision while they wore yellow, orange and green tinted lenses. To measure contrast sensitivity, the 5 spatial frequencies (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 cpd) were used for 33 ms and 233 ms, respectively. Results: The contrast sensitivity was overall higher with 233 ms than 33 ms (p<0.05). The peaks of contrast sensitivity with 33 ms and 233 ms were 1.75 log unit with the yellow lens and 1. 85 log unit without the color respectively. However, there was no significance between the yellow and orange tinted lens (p>0.64) Conclusions: Yellowish tinted lens that reduces chromatic aberration and the scattering is prescribed for the various purposes to improve visual functions. Before prescribing tinted lens, identifying characteristic of user and tinted lens for cut off wavelengths is recommended.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.2323-2326
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• 2015

It is urgently necessary to be aware of the distribution and risk areas of liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini, for proper allocation of prevention and control measures. This study aimed to investigate the human behavior, and environmental factors influencing the distribution in Surin Province of Thailand, and to build a model using stepwise multiple regression analysis with a geographic information system (GIS) on environment and climate data. The relationship between the human behavior, attitudes (<50%; $X_{111}$), environmental factors like population density ($148-169pop/km^2$; $X_{73}$), and land use as wetland ($X_{64}$), were correlated with the liver fluke disease distribution at 0.000, 0.034, and 0.006 levels, respectively. Multiple regression analysis, by equations OV= -0.599 + 0.005(population density ($148-169pop/km^2$); $X_{73}$) + 0.040 (human attitude (<50%); $X_{111}$) +0.022 (land used (wetland; X64), was used to predict the distribution of liver fluke. OV is the patients of liver fluke infection, R Square= 0.878, and, Adjust R Square= 0.849. By GIS analysis, we found Si Narong, Sangkha, Phanom Dong Rak, Mueang Surin, Non Narai, Samrong Thap, Chumphon Buri, and Rattanaburi to have the highest distributions in Surin province. In conclusion, the combination of GIS and statistical analysis can help simulate the spatial distribution and risk areas of liver fluke, and thus may be an important tool for future planning of prevention and control measures.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.57-66
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to suggest the rural village model which is able to be applied to the rural village (re)development. The rural village model consists of five sector models land use model, residential unit model, public facilities allocation model, productive space arrangement model, road & green system model. The village model as a spatial structure needs modification/revision through the its application to various sites. The following are suggestions developed in the process of preparing a model for the Korean rural village. First, some indices presented in the land use model need to be further studied as the planning indices before implementing the rural village projects. Second, it is recomended that the image of a rural village needs to be created by developing the residential unit(6 households) as a planning development unit, And various residential unit models need to be suggested. Third, it is desirable to develop the double circulation system and green edge(1 m), and to introduce pedestrian road as much as possible for the amenity of the residential environment, Fourth, being located within walking distance from the existing village, new-introduced site should be developed as a interlinked and opened structure. The rural village model is useful in preparing the spatial structure for the village (re)development, and in finding the best design solution responsive to the conditions of a project site.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.447-454
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• 2018

This paper proposes a depth image generation algorithm of stereo images using a deep learning model composed of a CNN (convolutional neural network). The proposed algorithm consists of a feature extraction unit which extracts the main features of each parallax image and a depth learning unit which learns the parallax information using extracted features. First, the feature extraction unit extracts a feature map for each parallax image through the Xception module and the ASPP(Atrous spatial pyramid pooling) module, which are composed of 2D CNN layers. Then, the feature map for each parallax is accumulated in 3D form according to the time difference and the depth image is estimated after passing through the depth learning unit for learning the depth estimation weight through 3D CNN. The proposed algorithm estimates the depth of object region more accurately than other algorithms.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.73-81
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• 2023

To understand salinity status of fresh water and paddy soils and the susceptibility of rice to salinity stress of Gunnae reclaimed tidelands, salinity monitoring was conducted in rainy and dry seasons. For fresh water, a high salinity was observed at the sampling location near the sluice gate and decreased with distance from the gate. This spatial pattern of fresh water salinity indicates the necessity of spatial distribution of salinity in the assessment of salinity status of fresh water. Interestingly, there was significant correlation between rainfall amount and salinity, implying that salinity of fresh water varies with rainfall and thus it may be possible to predict salinity of water using rainfall. Soil salinity also higher near the gate, reflecting the influence of high saline water. In addition, the groundwater salinity also high to threat rice growth. Though soil salinity status indicated low possibility of sodium injury, there was changes in soil salinity status during the course of rice growth, suggesting that more intensive monitoring of soil salinity may be necessary for soil salinity assessment. Our study suggests the necessity of intensive salinity monitoring to understand the spatio-temporal variations of salinity of water and soil of reclaimed tideland areas.