• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.469-482
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• 2014

This study developed a Bayesian spatial regional frequency analysis, which aimed to analyze spatial patterns of design rainfall by incorporating geographical information (e.g. latitude, longitude and altitude) and climate characteristics (e.g. annual maximum series) within a Bayesian framework. There are disadvantages to considering geographical characteristics and to increasing uncertainties associated with areal rainfall estimation on the existing regional frequency analysis. In this sense, this study estimated the parameters of Gumbel distribution which is a function of geographical and climate characteristics, and the estimated parameters were spatially interpolated to derive design rainfall over the entire Han-river watershed. The proposed Bayesian spatial regional frequency analysis model showed similar results compared to L-moment based regional frequency analysis, and even better performance in terms of quantifying uncertainty of design rainfall and considering geographical information as a predictor.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.1215-1224
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• 2016

Climate information of the high resolution grid units is an important factor to explain the phenomenon in a variety of research field. Statistical linear interpolation models are computationally inexpensive and applicable to any climate data compared to the dynamic simulation method at regional scales. In this paper, we considered four different linear-based statistical interpolation models: general linear model, generalized additive model, spatial linear regression model, and Bayesian spatial linear regression model. The climate variable of interest was the daily mean temperature, where the spatial variability was explained using geographic terrain information: latitude, longitude, elevation. The data were collected by weather stations in January from 2003 and 2012. In the sense of RMSE and correlation coefficient, Bayesian spatial linear regression model showed better performance in reflecting the spatial pattern compared to the other models.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.925-940
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• 2000

The spatial spread of a disease in an SIRS epidemic model with immunity imparted by subclinical infection on a population has been considered. The incidence rate of infection and the rate of immunization are both of nonlinear type. The dynamics of the infectious disease and its endemicity in local and global sense have been investigated.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.1009-1011
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• 2002

We developed a Retinal Projection Display for a low vision aid. This device can be applied to a low vision whose visual sense is weak. In the device, a digital image was formed with spatial light modulator(SLM) and projected onto a retina with the Maxwellian View. The image on this display can be seen clearly without our ocular accommodation and a low vision can see it without correction of a refraction error.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.212-228
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• 2004

This paper is concerned with an important aspect of regional income convergence, ${\beta}$-convergence, which refers to the negative relationship between initial income levels and income growth rates of regions over a period of time. The common research framework on ${\beta}$-convergence which is based on OLS regression models has two drawbacks. First, it ignores spatially autocorrelated residuals. Second, it does not provide any way of exploring spatial heterogeneity across regions in terms of ${\beta}$-convergence. Given that empirical studies on ${\beta}$-convergence need to be edified by spatial data analysis, this paper aims to: (1) provide a critical review of empirical studies on ${\beta}$-convergence from a spatial perspective; (2) investigate spatio-temporal income dynamics across the U.S. labor market areas for the last 30 years (1969-1999) by fitting spatial regression models and applying bivariate ESDA techniques. The major findings are as follows. First, the hypothesis of ${\beta}$-convergence was only partially evidenced, and the trend substantively varied across sub-periods. Second, a SAR model indicated that ${\beta}$-coefficient for the entire period was not significant at the 99％ confidence level, which may lead to a conclusion that there is no statistical evidence of regional income convergence in the US over the last three decades. Third, the results from bivariate ESDA techniques and a GWR model report that there was a substantive level of spatial heterogeneity in the catch-up process, and suggested possible spatial regimes. It was also observed that the sub-periods showed a substantial level of spatio-temporal heterogeneity in ${\beta}$-convergence: the catch-up scenario in a spatial sense was least pronounced during the 1980s.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.85-94
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to analyze the preference of spatial elements for common space planning in senior congregate housing. For the study, 500 potential consumer's residing in Seoul was surveyed using the questionnaire in the social survey methodology. As for the common spaces, gardens, treatment, and exercise rooms were preferred. A combination of both separate and group arrangement of the buildings was preferred, indicating that people wanted separation of the common space and the individual living units. Second, people preferred sharing parts of the common space with their neighbors and as is the traditional custom, preferred to take off their shoes at the entrance to individual units. Third, for the furniture and facilities, they wanted the manager room in the lobby, the small meeting rooms in the public dining room, a fitness center in the activity room, the rack or alcove to store items in front of an individuals unit in the hallway, a chair to sit down in the elevator, and the chair to rest on the stairway landing. Fourth, in terms of priority for planning the senior citizens' community housing, safety, familiarity like a regular home, reduced isolation and loneliness, sense of belonging, economic factors, aesthetic appreciation, daily life supplement, variety, and self-identity were answered in that order.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.63-71
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to find the complementary idea of the psychological elements in aesthetic expression of architectural space in the sense of healing. Marks $L\ddot{u}scher$, the swiss psychologist suggested reasonable categories of emotional character according to the couple combinations among Content, Self-Esteem, Confidence, and Liberty. His theory on healing is not only the concept but the practical method to understand and control the conflict between contrary elements of emotion. Compared to the Freud's objective theory of cause and consequence, his idea is focused on the subjective and autonomous harmony. This theory based on complementary idea is applied to psychological attitude of architects on Spatial Expression in this study. Refuge, Prospect, Flow and Void are assumed as equivalent spatial elements to the four major emotional conditions suggested by $M.L\ddot{u}scher$. The couple combinations among them also characterize the architectural characters definitely and it is expected to be the reasonable criteria in analysing aesthetic value and motive of creating human space.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.117-125
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• 2010

Theories and concepts emerging in new media environment are influencing the field of current spatial design. Art and technology have always coexisted, not but they are differentiated in two parts. They show new communicational paradigm in terms of supplementary position each other. The fact that examining the expression method and the communicational structure of today's new media art will be an analytical tool which analyzes the concepts of contemporary spatial design. For this, we attempt to use the Bolter and Gusin's remediation theory as analytical tool. First of all, we consider its theoretical aspects, and then, classify them according to the creation method, and investigate the characteristics of expression according to their types. We prepared an framework of analysis using the Remediation theory and its traits. We reviewed the relations between new media and spaces concerning remediation. After researching, we could analyze the cognitive aspects between new media and spaces as immediacy, and recognize the operational aspects of visual image as hypermediacy. Through the analysis, we could recognize the traits that digital environmental simulacres, sense of telepresence, and non-linear hypermediacy etc. remediate with repeating of mediation of mediation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.5206-5214
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• 2013

Herzog & de Meuron have been tried to diverse skin construction process and effects on their lots of projects. The purpose of this study is an understanding of the characteristics on a skin construction of "Prada Aoyama Tokyo". The results of this study are as follows. First, Skin is an element for impacting inside spatial sense by accommodating relationship between structure and skim. And skin is not only something for expression but also spatial matter. Especially their principal of building form is an effects by relationship between structure and skin.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.105-118
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is not only to compare between 'Opened Landscape' and 'Filtered Landscape' image and preference but also to suggests a guide line of planting design for progressive realization. For this, the image structures of photo-sketch simulation for parallax landscape have been investigated by Semantic Differential scale(S.D. scale) and the Factor analysis. The results could be summarized as follows. The results of S.D. scale values for landscape through parallax were greater than non-parallax landscape. The scenes through parallax were better preferred to direct view. Thus the results of photo-sketch simulation test support the expected hypothesis that the visual environment of complexity and variety is closely correlated with the parallax effect and monotonous or non-parallax environment, and parallax effect on close view more bigger than the distant view. Factors covering the spatial image of parallax landscape were found to be seven and Total values were 60.35 %. The most important factors determining the parallax effect were Factors I 'depth of space' and VI 'expectation of space and interest'. An outstanding view must be handled properly to be preserved or accentuated. In this sense, the parallax spatial beauty with tree could be improved through the visual aspects of plan arrangements and the progressive realization appeared to be one effective design technique for landscape planning and design.