• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.93-102
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• 2021

This study was attempted to provide a scientific basis for the problem of location selection by spatial scale for efficient promotion of projects related to green care farm complex. Location potential assessment system in local government scale consists of two major components from demand-side and supply-side consideration. The demand-side aspect considered the characteristics of potential users, while supply-side aspect used total 18 indices over 8 divisions under 3 fields. For the location potential assessment in district scale, total 8 indices under 3 major divisions were considered based on biological, physical, social, and economic environment. The application results of the location potential evaluation system in local government scale(excluding metropolitan cities) showed high location potential in southern Gyeonggi Province and near Busan Metropolitan City. As a result of applying the district-scale location potential evaluation system to Geumsan-gun, Geumsan-eup, Chubu-myeon, and Jewon-myeon have high potential. Further studies to improve the applicability of the developed indices are recommended by enhancing assessment indices, complementing base data, and reinforcing with spatial analysis.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.3 no.1 s.5
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• pp.91-104
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• 1995

The spatial aggregation of data, in transportation and other planning processes, is an important theoretical consideration because the results of any analysis are not entirely independent of the delineation of zones. Moreover, using a different spatial aggregation may lead to different, and sometimes contradictory conclusions. Two criteria have been considered as important in designing zone systems. They are scale and aggregation. The scale problem arises because of uncertainty about the number of zones needed for a study and the aggregation problem arises because of uncertainty about how the data are to be aggregated to from a given scale problem. In a transportation study, especially in the design of traffic analysis zone(TAZ), the scale problem is directly related to the number dof zones and the aggregation problem involves spatial clustering, meeting the general requirements of forming the zones system such as equal traffic generation, convexity, and the consistency with the political boundary. In this study, first, the comparative study of delineating spatial units has been given. Second, a FORTRAN-based heuristic algorithm for designing TAZ based on socio-economic data has been developed and applied to the Korean peninsula containing 132 micro parcels. The vector type ARC/INFO GIS topological data mosel has been used to provise the adjacency information between parcels. The results, however, leave some to be desired in order to overcome such problems as non-convexity of the agglomerated TAZ system and/or uneven traffic phenomenon for each TAZ.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.145-150
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• 2004

In this study for the prosthesis of the spatial and directional sensation for the blind, an ultrasonic scale system and an electronic compass system were developed. The ultrasonic scale utilizes 40 ㎑ sound for the detection of distance to the barrier and the spatial information is transferred to the blind by various sound interval, which is proportional to the distance. The electronic compass utilizes a magnetoresistor bridge for the detection of the magnetic field strength of earth in horizontal plane. The information for the direction of the earth's north is transferred by tactile stimuli by a vibrating motor band around upper head. Detection distance of the ultrasonic scale is ranged from 0.065 to 3.26 meters, and the detection angle resolution of the electronic compass is about 22.5 degrees. The integrated system of the ultrasonic scale and the electronic compass was developed. Distance information is converted to the location of the tactile stimulation along the clockwise direction by a vibrating motor according to the distance installed around upper head of the blind. The intent of this article is to provide an practical prosthetic tool of spatial and directional sensation for the blind. Daily practice of this system will improve the usefulness of this system.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.401-411
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• 2005

This study was conducted to develop a method to be able to estimate the vehicular emissions according to spatial scales-Seoul province, 25 counties and hundreds of grids $(1km{\times}1km)$. First, the emissions at each spatial scale was calculated by using the road network and the travel volume and speed of each link modeled by travel demand model (TDM). Second, the emission at each spatial scale was calculated on the basis of average speeds estimated by using three kinds of averaging method. These are called the provincial, volume-delay function (VDF) and zonal method, respectively. Third, three kinds of emissions and those by TDM are compared each other at three spatial scales. In Seoul (provincial scale), three kinds of emissions are less than those by TDM, but the differences of TDM from three speed averaging methods (SAMs) are small. The relative ratios of three SAMs to TDM are $88\~90\%\;in\;CO,\;99\~100\%\;in\;NOx,\;84\~85\%$ in VOCs. At county scale, NOx among three pollutants showed the highest correlation between TDM and three SAMs and the zonal method among three SAMs was proven to be the highest correlation with TDM. NOx showed the coefficients $(R^2)$ greater than 0.9 in all three SAMs but CO and VOC showed the coefficients $(R^2)$ greater than 0.9 in only zonal method. Slopes of co..elations of all pollutants showed the values close to '1' in zonal method. In the other two SAMs, slopes of NOx showed the values close to '1', but those of CO and VOC showed the values less than 0.85. At grid scale, correlations between TDM and three SAMs were not high. CO showed $0.68\~0.77\;in\;R^2s\;and\;58\~0.68$ in slopes. NOx showed $0.90\~0.94\;in\;R^2s\;and\;0.86\~0.94$ in slopes. VOC showed $0.56\~0.70\;in\;R^2s\;and\;0.48\~0.57$ in slopes. There are not high correlations between TDM and three SAMs in grid scale. This study showed that there is the most suitable method for calculating the average travel speed at each spatial scale and it is thought that the zonal method is more suitable than the VDF or provincial method.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.349-354
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• 1999

The spatial distributions of allelic frequencies and ecological traits by randomization were studied in the natural population of two species (Pinus rigida and Pyrola japonica). Both species showed significant positive spatial autocorrelation as measured by Moran's I. In P. rigida, the genetic similarity was shown in individuals within up to a scale of 18 m distance and this is partly due to combination of pollen and seed dispersal by wind or men. In P. japonica, significant spatial autocorrelation was consisted of a scale of 8 m intervals. These population structure in the distribution of allelic frequencies is related to mating systems such as outcrossing and vegetative spread. The results also indicate that positive species associations between P. rigida and P. japonica can occur when both species select the same habitat or require the same environmental conditions.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.4 no.2 s.12
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• pp.26-30
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• 2004

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1995.04a
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• pp.758-759
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• 1995

In large-scale industry such as shipbuilding, aircraft manufacturing, and construction industry etc., it is required to consider two or three-dimensional spatial availability as one of bottlenecked resource constraints. We call this kind of scheduling a spatial scheduling, which considers the dynamic spatial layouts of objects as well as the traditional resource constraints. Since 1991, we have researched on the spatial scheduling for shipbuilding plant (Lee & Lee, 1992; Lee et al., 1994, Lee et al., 1995). In this paper, we present the various issues of spatial scheduling for the researchers and developers attacking spatial scheduling problems.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.37 no.6_3
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• pp.1931-1942
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• 2021

As the utility of an optical satellite image with a high spatial resolution (i.e., fine-scale) has been emphasized, recently, various studies of the land surface monitoring using those have been widely carried out. However, the usefulness of fine-scale satellite images is limited because those are acquired at a low temporal resolution. To compensate for this limitation, the spatiotemporal data fusion can be applied to generate a synthetic image with a high spatio-temporal resolution by fusing multiple satellite images with different spatial and temporal resolutions. Since the spatio-temporal data fusion models have been developed for mid or low spatial resolution satellite images in the previous studies, it is necessary to evaluate the applicability of the developed models to the satellite images with a high spatial resolution. For this, this study evaluated the applicability of the developed spatio-temporal fusion models for KOMPSAT-3A and Sentinel-2 images. Here, an Enhanced Spatial and Temporal Adaptive Fusion Model (ESTARFM) and Spatial Time-series Geostatistical Deconvolution/Fusion Model (STGDFM), which use the different information for prediction, were applied. As a result of this study, it was found that the prediction performance of STGDFM, which combines temporally continuous reflectance values, was better than that of ESTARFM. Particularly, the prediction performance of STGDFM was significantly improved when it is difficult to simultaneously acquire KOMPSAT and Sentinel-2 images at a same date due to the low temporal resolution of KOMPSAT images. From the results of this study, it was confirmed that STGDFM, which has relatively better prediction performance by combining continuous temporal information, can compensate for the limitation to the low revisit time of fine-scale satellite images.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2014

A digital map of 1/5,000 scale provides basic information to be utilized in various businesses, such as in land management, urban information system of a local government, navigation of private sectors and others. 1/5,000 digital map, which contains information of the entire land of South Korea, is performed as a national fundamental map, however, comparing to 1,000 digital map, it has some difficulties in terms of positional accuracy and attribute data for applying in urban areas. Also, since the paradigm of spatial information services has been changed, more accurate positional information and rich attribute information are required for the government businesses and private map services. Particularly, demands for the high precision spatial information based on large-scale digital map is increasing in facility managements due to rapid changes in urban areas and various spatial analyses. For those reasons, this study proposes how to apply and use precise spatial information based on 1/1,000 digital. Firstly, an analysis of legal system related to large-scale digital map and spatial information is conducted in the research. Afterwards, the ways are suggested to improve systematical utilizations of 1/1,000 digital map. We also define existing applications of spatial information in public and private sector, and recommend methodology that can be utilized high precision spatial information.

• Proceedings of the KGS Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.59-59
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• 2004