A Heuristic Algorithm for Designing Traffic Analysis Zone Using Geographic Information System

Vector GIS를 이용한 교통 Zone체계 알고리즘 개발 방안에 관한 연구

The spatial aggregation of data, in transportation and other planning processes, is an important theoretical consideration because the results of any analysis are not entirely independent of the delineation of zones. Moreover, using a different spatial aggregation may lead to different, and sometimes contradictory conclusions. Two criteria have been considered as important in designing zone systems. They are scale and aggregation. The scale problem arises because of uncertainty about the number of zones needed for a study and the aggregation problem arises because of uncertainty about how the data are to be aggregated to from a given scale problem. In a transportation study, especially in the design of traffic analysis zone(TAZ), the scale problem is directly related to the number dof zones and the aggregation problem involves spatial clustering, meeting the general requirements of forming the zones system such as equal traffic generation, convexity, and the consistency with the political boundary. In this study, first, the comparative study of delineating spatial units has been given. Second, a FORTRAN-based heuristic algorithm for designing TAZ based on socio-economic data has been developed and applied to the Korean peninsula containing 132 micro parcels. The vector type ARC/INFO GIS topological data mosel has been used to provise the adjacency information between parcels. The results, however, leave some to be desired in order to overcome such problems as non-convexity of the agglomerated TAZ system and/or uneven traffic phenomenon for each TAZ.

교통 및 기타 공간계획 과정에 있어서 분석을 위한 공간분할은 필수적이다. 공간 분할에 있어서 두 가지의 중요한 변수는 scale과 aggregation이라고 할 수 있는바 이들 2가지의 조합에 따라서 분할된 공간상의 계획결과물은 실로 엄청난 차이를 보일 때도 있다. 본고에서는 이들 공간 zone 분항 및 재구성 체계의 과정 및 결정기법을 살펴 보는데 우선 목적이 있고, 또한 vector형 GIS의 위상관계자료를 이용한 교통 zone체계의 재설정 방법을 제시해 봄으로써 경직된 교통계획상의 zone체계 구성에의 변화를 창출해 보았다. 시범연구로서는 남한을 132개의 세부 zone으로 구분한 뒤 사회경제적 지표에 의한 동질적인 zone체계를 구축하여 교통계획에 응용하였으나 애초에 macro된 세부 zone체계를 사용한 나머지 aggregate된 zone이 concave한 문제점 또한 발견되었다.