• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to find out the design guideline for women's hospital focusing on the patient needs. This study is performed the literature review of the performance evaluation & spatial satisfaction. And then, the spatial characteristics of selected women's hospitals, which were recently built in Korea, were analyzed. This study is suggested in the spatial satisfaction evaluation model in order to the spatial evaluation performance elements of the patient needs. The evaluation model of space efficiency derived from this study is expected to be used for the actual guide to architecture of women's hospitals as substantial materials. Finally, the model is used to for the planning & design for the future women's hospital.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.3-10
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to select and analyze words that represent various emotional states towards a spatial environment. Selecting appropriate words for the sensibility evaluation of a spatial environment is a process of constructing sensibility indicators, so that an accurate selection of sensibility words is very important. To collect basic words for this study, words for expressing sensation, emotional states, and sensibility regarding a spatial environment have been collected first via free association and a literature review of previous studies. In the second stage, the selected words are refined. Fifteen evaluators have participated in the first process of refining words, 140 college students participated in the second process, and than the final list of 277 refined words has been selected. During the third stage, 15 specialists were asked to evaluate the appropriateness of sensibility evaluation words, for that 7 point-scale has been applied. Then, 99 words with an average point of 4.55 or more and a standard deviation of 1.55 or lower were selected. After investigating the similarity in the meanings of the selected words, 55 pairs of contrasting words have been selected as a final list of sensibility evaluation words. During this last stage, 307 college students majoring in related fields were asked to evaluate the appropriateness of sensibility evaluation words for a spatial environment, and 7 point-scale was obtained. A factor analysis, cluster analysis, and multidimensional analysis have been conducted on the data obtained from these survey. According to the results of the factor analysis, the eight important factors are obtained from the sensibility evaluation criteria of a spatial environment(form, texture, function, value, comfort, aesthetics, atmosphere, and affinity). The factors obtained from this study can be used in the beginning stage of evaluating the sensibility factors of a spatial environment. In addition, the results of this study can be used as basic data when constructing a list of evaluation indicators to select various complex sensibility words for a space; or as general indicators when evaluating various spatial design factors.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

The evaluation systems on the National Spatial Information Policy(NSIP) has been changed, since the Establishment and Use of the National Geographic Information System Act(NGIS Act, 2000) was abolished and the National Spatial Data Infrastructure Act(NSDI Act, 2009) was enacted. As compared to the NGIS Act, the policy evaluation systems for National Spatial Information are regarded as unified and centralized. However, some argue that the claim of budget and the legal feasibility of the NSIP was weakened. Given the different views on the two laws, this study aims at analyzing the changes in the evaluation system by comparing the NGIS Act and the NSDI Act. A Comparative Analysis framework is employed. The subjects of the comparative analysis are evaluation mechanism, evaluator, evaluation target and range, after-assessment utilization, and agent. In order to improve the effectiveness of the evaluation system, it is recommended that the clarification of evaluation purposes, institutional enhancement for evaluation agency, the development of evaluation indexes, the combination of top-down approach and bottom -up approach, and the increased linkage between budget and evaluation result.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.143-151
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• 2011

Since it is important to understand data acquiring characteristics through relationship between spatial types and spatial elements and apply it to spatial plans for smooth communication between designer and user of space, the conclusions gained from analysis of data acquiring characteristics of spatial elements through image evaluation by types of interior space can be summarized as in the followings: First, for the amount of acquired data by types of interior space, it shows that the acquired amount of data is to change by types and data acquiring method (phrase and image) even though the spatial elements are same. Second, for the data acquiring process of spatial types by gender, it shows that there is a big difference in acquiring of data according to the evaluation method by phrase and image. Third, for the amount of acquired data of spatial types by gender, it shows that there is a difference between male and female, which is by "classic ${\rightarrow}$ modern ${\rightarrow}$ natural" in case of male and "classic ${\rightarrow}$ natural ${\rightarrow}$ modern" in case of female. regarding both of phrase and image. Fourth, for the evaluation by gender, it shows that there is a deviation in the value of difference according to the elements by which data acquiring characteristics evaluate space. It is considered that this deviation characteristic is in need of reflection in the process of spatial evaluation. This study analyzed data acquiring characteristics of space user's spatial elements through image evaluation by types of space to understand how data acquiring would be changed of spatial elements according to type and gender. Through this study, it expects to make clear that, when a designer is planning a certain space, if the space can be a space for the user by understanding of which elements should be exposed to users by types to acquire more data.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.327-340
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• 2003

Quality elements and evaluation methods should be considered according to the characteristics of spatial database. The purpose of this study is to propose specific methods for quality evaluation focusing on land database which are an important parts of spatial database. Through the study, of quality evaluation for selected quality elements are specified, which are based on the construction processes of the topogaphical database, cadastral database, and zoning database. Position accuracy, attribute accuracy, consistency, completeness, temporal accuracy, believability, and lineage are selected as the quality elements of land database. A various statistical and mathematical skills are proposed for measurement and assesment methods of quality elements.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.96-104
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• 2011

Assuming that different spatial types involves the change of observation time to acquire the spatial information, this study intended to analyze the observation time by interior space types and derive the proper time for spatial evaluation. Coming to the study method, in order to analyze the characteristics of observation time in the image evaluation of interior space by types, it looked into the observation time chosen by the testees during evaluation. The findings of this study are as follows: First, the observation time differed by genders and spatial types: men's average time was longest for modern (93.3 sec.) and natural (89.4 sec.) spaces; women's average time was longest for classic space (110.7 sec.), which was the shortest for men. Second, the intensity of observation time zone differed by spatial types: this finding can imply that different design types require different establishment of observation time for evaluation even if the spatial elements are the same. Third, analyzing the distribution of time zones chosen by most testees showed that men's observation time zones were more intensely distributed than those of women. Fourthly, the observation lime for general space could be derived from the gender-based comparison that excluded the difference by types, but considering that different design types lead to different observation time, it could be seen as proper for evaluation of interior space to establish the difference of observation time by spatial types. Finally, Analysis showed the highest preference to the time '(3)'. However, obtaining information presented is the most highly effective time is '(6). Thus, the preferred time zone is different and effective, according to the results of the analysis.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 1998.09a
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• pp.213-217
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• 1998

This study overviews existing evaluation methods of classification accuracy using confusion matrix proposed by Cohen in 1960's, and proposes ISDd(Index of Spatial Distribution by distance) and ISDs(Index of Spatial Distribution by scatteredness) for the evaluation of spatial distribution of satellite image classification errors, which has not been tried yet. Index of spatial distribution offers the basis of decision on adoption/rejection of classification results at sub-image level by evaluation of distribution, such as status of local aggregation of misclassified pixels. So, users can understand the spatial distribution of misclassified pixels and, can have the basis of judgement of suitability and reliability of classification results.

• Proceeding of KASS Symposium
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.49-57
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• 2006

Performance based seismic design is a very efficient method in evaluating the seismic capacity of building. In this study, the method estimating the performance point of the spatial structures based on capacity spectrum method(CSM) is proposed. And for efficient evaluation for the performance point of the spatial structures, the algorithm to convert spatial structural system to ESDOF system is proposed. Its efficiency is confirmed by comparing with time history analysis of full model. And dynamic behaviors of spatial structures are examined by using this method. At last, evaluation of structural performance according to variation of stiffness after plastic deformation is carried out.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.31 no.6_2
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• pp.601-609
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• 2013

Standard lots, which are used to assess values of individual lots in Korea, have been criticized for their improper distribution. However, there has been very little evaluation for the spatial distribution of standard lots, and an evaluation method has never been developed. In order to overcome this situation, we attempt to assess the appropriateness of the spatial distribution of standard lots using the L-index and Monte Carlo simulation. The L-index is a well-known indicator of the complete spatial randomness (CSR) of points in spatial statistics. If the L-index of standard lots is similar to that of individual lots, the former is considered to be randomly distributed according to the latter. By analyzing L-indices of two study areas, Gangnam and Seongdong, we find a statistically significant difference in Gangnam area and a relatively small difference in Seongdong area. We confirm that the spatial distribution of standard lots is not CSR and that the L-index is useful as an evaluation method. These results suggest that the standard lot selection and management guidelines need to be modified to apply the spatial distribution of individual lots to the standard lot selection process.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.631-636
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• 2016

Hitherto, spatial resolution has commonly been evaluated by test patterns or phantoms built on some specific distances (from close to far) between two objects (or double targets). This evaluation method's shortcoming is that resolution is restricted to target distances of phantoms made for test. Therefore, in order to solve the problem, this study proposes and verifies a new method to efficiently test spatial resolution with a single target. For the research I used PSF and JND to propose an idea to measure spatial resolution. After that, I made experiments by commonly used phantoms to verify my new evaluation hypothesis inferred from the above method. To analyse the hypothesis, I used LabVIEW program and got a line pixel from digital image. The result was identical to my spatial-resolution hypothesis inferred from a single target. The findings of the experiment proves only a single target can be enough to relatively evaluate spatial resolution on a digital image. In other words, the limit of the traditional spatial-resolution evaluation method, based on double targets, can be overcome by my new evaluation one using a single target.