• Title/Summary/Keyword: Spatial Differences

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Consumer Spatial Behavior for Apparel Products based on Trade Area Selection Criteria

  • Son, Jin-Ah;Rhee, Eun-Young;Park, Hye-Sun
    • International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.29-48
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    • 2012
  • The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between consumer spatial behavior and consumer characteristics based on trade area selection criteria 469 female consumers who lived in the two new towns near Seoul, Bundang and Ilsan, participated in the study by completing questionnaires. Data were analyzed by using cluster analysis, ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, chi-square analysis, etc. The findings of the empirical research were as follows: 1. Five groups were identified by cluster analysis based on trade area selection criteria of clothing price-oriented group, time convenience-oriented group, shopping convenience-oriented group, variety/entertainment-oriented group, and passive shopping group. 2. Each group differed in spatial behavior such as clothing shopping area, the visiting frequency, and spatial movement type. 3. Each group showed differences in fashion involvement and demographic characteristics(age, marital status, education, occupation and social status).

Temporal and Spatial Distributions of the Surface Solar Radiation by Spatial Resolutions on Korea Peninsula (한반도에서 해상도 변화에 따른 지표면 일사량의 시공간 분포)

  • Lee, Kyu-Tae;Zo, Il-Sung;Jee, Joon-Bum;Choi, Young-Jean
    • New & Renewable Energy
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.22-28
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    • 2011
  • The surface solar radiations were calculated and analyzed with spatial resolutions (4 km and 1 km) using by GWNU (Gangneung-Wonju National University) solar radiation model. The GWNU solar radiation model is used various data such as aerosol optical thickness, ozone amount, total precipitable water and cloud factor are retrieved from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS), Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), MTSAT-1R satellite data and output of the Regional Data Assimilation Prediction System(RDAPS) model by Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA), respectively. The differences of spatial resolutions were analyzed with input data (especially, cloud factor from MTSAT-1R satellite). And the Maximum solar radiation by GWNU model were found in Andong, Daegu and Jinju regions and these results were corresponded with the MTSAT-1R cloud factor.

Using spatial misalignment Method to Measure and Evaluate unbalanced reginal tourism development in Southwest China

  • Lee, Rui;Kim, Hyung-Ho
    • International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.23-33
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    • 2021
  • "China's Western Development Policy" has brought multiple opportunities to the development of tourism in Southwest China including Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Chongqing and Tibet. The 4 provinces and 1 municipality overall show a certain degree of accumulation effect and coordinated development in tourism due to their location, traffic and traditional economic cooperation. This study takes the Southwest China as the research object and utilized the spatial dislocation model and the tourism spatial misalignment index to estimate the mismatch degree between tourism resources and tourism income among provinces and try to find out the internal reason background. The results show that each of the five provinces has its own advantages in index of economy, tourism resources, human resource, and transportation, leading to differences in the center of gravity of the entire region in all aspects. In view of the results of spatial dislocation analysis, suggestions for improvement and optimization are put forward to promote the high-quality development of tourism in Southwest region. development.

A Study on the Correlationship between Spatial Structure and Shop Composition in Mixed-Use Facilities - Focused on the Typological Analysis about Lower Part of the Facilities Built After the Year 2000 - (복합상업시설 실내 공간구조와 매장구성 성향간 상관성 분석 - 2000년대 건립사례 저층부의 유형학적 분석을 중심으로 -)

  • Hyun, Chang-Yong
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • v.26 no.6
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    • pp.62-70
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    • 2017
  • This study has a purpose that definitize correlationship of spatial structure and sales strategies in mixed-use complexes which established in Korea since year 2000. For this purpose, this study tries to analysis spatial structure of mixed-use facilities through space syntax theory and makes an typological categorization based on their space composition. As a result of categorization, Korean mixed-use facilities can be classed as three types. First type is integrated stacking type. Second one is parallel connecting type. Third type is room to room type. According to differences between categories, their spatial structures show different meaning with different sales strategies. Integrated stacking type sales luxury brands and expensive stuffs and it also has deep and complicated structure. That means theses spaces usually make a strategy of exclusion. Parallel connecting type sales special categories and it also has shallow and easy spatial structure. That means these facilities want to make a smooth connection between apposed volumes. Room to room type sales cheap and fancy objects and it also has simple and shallow structure. That means simple spatial structure can be lead contact customer to stuffs. These results mean spatial structure have a effect on design of sales space.

Spatial distribution patterns of old-growth forest of dioecious tree Torreya nucifera in rocky Gotjawal terrain of Jeju Island, South Korea

  • Shin, Sookyung;Lee, Sang Gil;Kang, Hyesoon
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.41 no.8
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    • pp.223-234
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    • 2017
  • Background: Spatial structure of plants in a population reflects complex interactions of ecological and evolutionary processes. For dioecious plants, differences in reproduction cost between sexes and sizes might affect their spatial distribution. Abiotic heterogeneity may also affect adaptation activities, and result in a unique spatial structure of the population. Thus, we examined sex- and size-related spatial distributions of old-growth forest of dioecious tree Torreya nucifera in extremely heterogeneous Gotjawal terrain of Jeju Island, South Korea. Methods: We generated a database of location, sex, and size (DBH) of T. nucifera trees for each quadrat ($160{\times}300m$) in each of the three sites previously defined (quadrat A, B, C in Site I, II, and III, respectively). T. nucifera trees were categorized into eight groups based on sex (males vs. females), size (small vs. large trees), and sex by size (small vs. large males, and small vs. large females) for spatial point pattern analysis. Univariate and bivariate spatial analyses were conducted. Results: Univariate spatial analysis showed that spatial patterns of T. nucifera trees differed among the three quadrats. In quadrat A, individual trees showed random distribution at all scales regardless of sex and size groups. When assessing univariate patterns for sex by size groups in quadrat B, small males and small females were distributed randomly at all scales whereas large males and large females were clumped. All groups in quadrat C were clustered at short distances but the pattern changed as distance was increased. Bivariate spatial analyses testing the association between sex and size groups showed that spatial segregation occurred only in quadrat C. Males and females were spatially independent at all scales. However, after controlling for size, males and females were spatially separated. Conclusions: Diverse spatial patterns of T. nucifera trees across the three sites within the Torreya Forest imply that adaptive explanations are not sufficient for understanding spatial structure in this old-growth forest. If so, the role of Gotjawal terrain in terms of creating extremely diverse microhabitats and subsequently stochastic processes of survival and mortality of trees, both of which ultimately determine spatial patterns, needs to be further examined.

Spatial Ability, Its Relationship to Mathematics Achievement, and Strategic Choices for Spatial Tasks Among Engineering Freshmen, and Gender Differences (공과대학 신입생들의 공간 시각화 능력의 수학 성취도와의 관계와 문제해결 전략 및 성별 차이에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Yon Mi
    • Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.149-171
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    • 2017
  • In this research, based on the fact that spatial ability is important for the achievement in the STEM fields, and technological innovation, Purdue Spatial Visualization Test-Rotation has been used to investigate engineering freshmen's spatial ability and gender differences. Students who have taken advanced mathematics courses in high school(those who have taken type B math test in Korean SAT test) and students with general math courses(those who have taken type A in Korean SAT-Math test) are included in this study to find out the relationship between mathematics achievement and spatial ability. Finding out the strategies taken by students was another aim of this study. This strategic differences between high achievers and lower achievers, male and female students were analyzed from students' self report. Spatial ability test score was highest in the SAT-Math type B male students, decreased in the order of type A male students, type B female students, and lastly type A female students. There was no substantial difference between second and third groups. In each group, male students' average score was 8~10% higher than female students, which affirms 2015's results. The correlation between spatial ability and mathematics achievement was negligible in each group, but male students' math score and spatial ability score were higher than that of female students. This can be interpreted that there is some correlation between these two. Strategic choices can vary in the continuous spectrum with analytic method and holistic method at both ends. From students' self report, using Mann-Witney test, it turned out that there exists strategic differences between male and female students. Male students have a tendency to use holistic strategy more often than female students. I also found that the strategy choice did not vary greatly among all score groups. For the perfect score groups, both female and male students used holistic strategy most frequently. For low achieving groups, there is an evidence that these students overuse one method compared to average or high achieving groups, which turned out to be less effective. Based on these, I suggest that low achieving students need to have more chances to adopt efficient strategies and to practice challenging problems to improve their spatial abilities.

A Study on Spatial Structure Analysis for Comprehensive Rural Clustered Villages Development Area using the Space Syntax Method Technique (Space Syntax를 이용한 농촌마을종합개발사업 권역의 공간구조분석에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Haeng-Wook;Kim, Young-Joo;Choi, Soo-Myung
    • Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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    • v.10 no.4 s.25
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    • pp.19-28
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    • 2004
  • In order to revitalize rural areas fundamentally through multifunctional utilization of their resources, it should be necessary to prepare the rational development plan to the areal characteristics and conditions, and the first priority of its planning works should be given to spatial planning. The space syntax method, a powerful objective and quantitative analysis tool on the relationship between social and spatial characteristics, was introduced in this study. Five Comprehensive Rural Clustered Villages Development Areas in the Jeonnam-province were selected as case study areas, of which total area's and included villages' spatial variables were measured and analyzed. Rural villages analyzed in this study have the spatial structure badly systematized and much complicated, which results from low integration and deep spatial depth of them. And, by virtue of relatively many axial lines, there should be few differences between villages in terms of local integration, connectivity and control, while being significant difference in terms of global integration showing the whole areal characteristics. Intelligibility, the correlation coefficient between connectivity(local variable) and integration(global one) is low, which means that the spatial structure of the study areas is difficult for visitors to understand the area or village well. Spatial configuration analysis results in the case study areas showed that each development area has a unique spatial structure and is differentiated in terms of not only local spatial variables but also global spatial variables. Therefore, global and local characteristics should be considered in spatial analysis of development areas.

An Improvement of Partition-Based Spatial Merge Join using Dynamic Object Decomposition (동적 객체 분해를 이용한 분할 기반의 공간 합병 조인의 개선)

  • Choi, Yong-Jin;Lee, Yong-Ju;Park, Ho-Hyun;Lee, Sung-Jin;Chung, Chin-Wan
    • Journal of KIISE:Databases
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.247-255
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    • 2000
  • Traditional object decomposition techniques do not decompose spatial objects dynamically during spatial joins, because the object decomposition is very expensive. In this paper, we propose a modified object decomposition technique that can be applied in PBSM(Partition Based Spatial Merge-Join). In real-life data, there are much differences among the sizes of objects. We decompose only large objects with great effects on spatial joins. This technique decreases the decomposition cost of objects during spatial joins and enables efficient filter-refinement steps. Experiments show that the PBSM used with our proposed method performs significantly better than the traditional PBSM.

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Spatial Variation of Void Ratio and Permeability by Smear and Its Changing Behavior during Consolidation :Part I. Physical Model Test and Analysis (스미어로 의한 점성토 지반의 간극비 및 투수계수의 위치별 차이와 압밀 중 변화 거동에 대한 연구 : Part I. 실험 및 거동 분석)

  • Yune, Chan-Young;Son, Dae Jin;Chun, Sung-Ho;Chung, Choong-Ki
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.29 no.4C
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    • pp.137-144
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    • 2009
  • In this research, the ground with smeared zone was reconstructed using the large consolidation test apparatus. And the reconstituted kaolinite samples at different locations were retrieved for the oedometer test. From the oedometer test results the permeability- void ratio-effective stress behavior was investigated. Based on the experimental analysis, spatial differences of permeability according to the drainage distance by both smear and radial drainage consolidation reduced as the consolidation proceeds and eventually disappeared in normally consolidated region. And the spatial variation of permeability by radial drainage consolidation showed larger differences in smaller extent than the spatial variation of permeability by smear.

Determining the Effect of Green Spaces on Urban Heat Distribution Using Satellite Imagery

  • Choi, Hyun-Ah;Lee, Woo-Kyun;Byun, Woo-Hyuk
    • Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.127-135
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    • 2012
  • Urbanization has led to a reduction in green spaces and thus transformed the spatial pattern of urban land use. An increase in air temperature directly affects forest vegetation, phenology, and biodiversity in urban areas. In this paper, we analyze the changing land use patterns and urban heat distribution (UHD) in Seoul on the basis of a spatial assessment. It is necessary to monitor and assess the functions of green spaces in order to understand the changes in the green space. In addition, we estimated the influence of green space on urban temperature using Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) imagery and climatic data. Results of the assessment showed that UHD differences cause differences in temperature variation and the spatial extent of temperature reducing effects due to urban green space. The ratio of urban heat area to green space cooling area increases rapidly with increasing distance from a green space boundary. This shows that urban green space plays an important role for mitigating urban heating in central areas. This study demonstrated the importance of green space by characterizing the spatiotemporal variations in temperature associated with urban green spaces.