• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.7-20
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to present the direction of faculty's perception and direction of spatial composition to apply universal design principles to the space of kindergarten facilities. Based on previous research and literature review on kindergarten area, kindergarten facility space, and universal design, the universal design principle which was applied to the composition of kindergarten amenities derived four types of functional supportability, receptivity, accessibility and safety. In addition, the survey was conducted on kindergarten teachers and teacher assistants and the managers of kindergarten. As a result of the awareness of kindergarten facilities space, we have discovered the degree of universal design awareness.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.69-76
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• 2013

To reduce the damage from the coastal disaster such as typhoon and tsunami, a possible option is the eco-friendly approach to minimize the destruction of ecological system. One of feasible idea is the forest for damage prevention artificially arranged along the beach. To understand a precise physics on the flow before and after the forest, we use a CFD method. In this paper, a three-dimensional numerical model has been constructed based on tree cases in a real forest located at Byin-myeon, Seocheon-gun, Chungnam. The CFD computation using a commercial code COMSOL multiphysics is performed for the distribution of real spatial coordinate of each tree. Through this investigation, the CFD techniques are shown to be applied to the research of forest composition plan. The physics in the regime from laminar to turbulent flow is qualitatively explained, and the obtained data are compared one another quantitatively.

• Ocean Science Journal
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.69-79
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• 2007

A vertical transect with 4 km length was established for the macrofaunal survey on the Chokchon macrotidal flat in Kyeonggi Bay, Incheon, Korea, 1994. Tidal elevation (m) and sediment mean grain size $(\phi)$ were inversely predicted by the transfer functions from the faunal assemblages. Three methods: weighted average using optimum value (WA), tolerance weighted version of the weighted average (WAT) and maximum likelihood calibration (MLC) were employed. Estimates of tidal elevation and mean grain size obtained by using the three different methods showed positively corresponding trends with the observations. The estimates of MLC were found to have the minimum value of sum of squares due to errors (SSE). When applied to the previous data $(1990\sim1992)$, each of three inference models exhibited high predictive power. This result implied there are visible relationships between species composition and faunas' critical environmental factors. Although a potential significance of the two major abiotic factors was re-affirmed, a weak tendency of biological interaction was detected from faunal distribution patterns across the flat. In comparison to the spatial and temporal patterns of the estimates, it was suggested that sediment characteristics were the primary factors regulating the distribution of macrofaunal assemblages, rather than tidal elevation, and the species composition may be sensitively determined by minute changes in substratum properties on a tidal flat.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 1999

In the last decade, the supply of natural aggregates has been continuously increased due to the other types of aggregates. In general, aggregates constitute 70-80% of the total volume of concrete, so the quality of aggregates is main factor controlling physical characteristics of concrete. For this reason, physical properties of aggregate according to different rock types were studied. The majority of crushed aggregates is taken out of granite, gneiss, sandstone, andesite, basalt and so forth. The physical properties of these rock types were tested and most of them fell within the acceptable limit on the base of Korean standard regulation. The major lithology of the crushed aggregates is granite and gneiss, both of which are marked for more than 50% of total lithology thpes in Korea. A to the physical properties of granite, the high specific gravity coincides with low porosity, low absorption ratio, while the abrasion and soundness index show, in general, no specific trend. It has been assumed that slight differences of the physical properties of granite aggregates are related with those of the mineral composition, grain size, and so on. In comparison to granite, the physical properties of gneiss have little correlation one after another. This trend is related to different mineral composition, grain size and typical sheet fractures typically prevailing in the texture of gneiss. Spatial pattern of physical properties shows that high specific gravity of granite coincides only with low porosity and absorption ratio in all provinces except Cheolla province, and high specific gravity of gneiss coincides with low porosity and absorption ratio only in Cheolla and Gandwon provinces.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.133-138
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• 2014

Crimes occurring in residential areas make an atmosphere of anxiety and are spread throughout the whole society as well as the residential areas, regardless of the number of crimes and how serious they are. Thus, due to their huge negative impact on the whole society, it is crucial to relieve anxiety of residents from the crimes occurring in the residential areas, which plays an important role in determining the quality of a residential environment. Before conducting the research, 18 apartment complexes in Daejeon constructed since 2006 were chosen to apply six principles of CPTED. The main purpose of the research is to observe main spaces in residential areas and analyze crime prevention environment in order to find out safe spatial composition. The data of the research demonstrate the main spaces and their composition. Henceforth, it is necessary to establish accurate data and a new evaluation method in order to obtain objective statistics and data. Furthermore, a study on development of safety and amenity of residential areas should be continued.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.355-362
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• 2012

Water Culture Pavilion was constructed as a part of dam construction and Four-major rivers restoration projects, which have the purpose to prevent damage of natural disaster, localized heavy rain and drought, and has several functions; promotion, education and region culture community. Exhibition space in this culture pavilion should have the excellent connection of various media, contents, and exhibition space because of limited space. The purpose of this study is to analyze flows, continuation and connection of exhibit space with the perspectives of the attribute of water and to suggest various content things, technical, spatial types. This study targets Four-major rivers Water Culture Pavilion in Korea and suggests exhibition presentation methods as analyzing contents, media and constituent of exhibition space for each pavilion exhibition. The result of this study is as follows : First, the circulation is common expressed attribute of water in these four water culture pavilion. The reason is that there is a connection between Four-major rivers restoration projects and the physical attribute of water circulating the steps of evaporation, condensation and precipitation. Second, each pavilion presents circulative solid exhibit, circulative background exhibit, circulative reflective exhibit based on circulation. These three types of exhibition is related the floor separation. Third, each pavilion exhibit zone shows the most circulation, solid, background, reflexibility through educational contents and promoting contents by using graphic, video, sound media.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.68-76
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• 2008

This study investigated composition elements and estimation of image in lobby from user viewpoint that is the central space of local cultural institution, and spectator mainly utilizes. Progress process of study develops investigation device including literature investigation, professional panel and lobby space image measurement tool through on-the-spot probe and, executed supporting research to spectator. As the result of the study, first, lobby space image exerts absolute effect to local cultural institution image-building, and is grasped on constituent that floor, ceiling, entrance and lighting and decoration is important in image-building of lobby space. Second, the image of the important lobby space was grasped in order of convenient image(M = 3.98) bright image(M = 3.87), and cozy image(M = 3.80). Third, the results on investigating semantic structure of the lobby image, emotional factor, styling factor, spatial factor, and peculiar factor are composed of important factors that decides image of lobby space. Fourth, as the result of image analysis for lobby space, the degree of satisfaction for the local cultural institution was entirely low against the importance. In particular, the image for convenience, individuality, locality and dignity was not sufficient in all the three places. Therefore, lobby design of local cultural institution shall also suggest more various lobby space image from culture oriented viewpoint.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.43-51
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• 2018

In order to systematically and scientifically manage the organic and heavy metals against sediment at Daecheon Port, this study conducted particle composition, organic materials and heavy metals irradiation studies of sediments. Analysis of the grain size composition of sediments in the target study area showed the distribution characteristics of the mix of sand, silt and clay. That is, Station C (Stn. C) showed superior by fine-grained sediment, Station A and B (Stn. A and B) showed superior by coarse-grained sediment. The organic matter(COD, TOC, and IL) of Stn. C was appeared to be heavily polluted more than Stn. A and B. These data for the spatial properties in sediment showed that organic matter was related positively to the sediment silt-clay content. Also, in the case of heavy metals contamination in surface sediments, Stn. C was higher than Stn. A and B. Particularly, at the Stn. C, high organic matter concentration and C/N ratio value( >10) indicated that the sediment was composed highly of land-derived organic matter. From these results, it considered that the correlation analysis among to silt-clay, organic matter and heavy metal was found to have a good interrelationship.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.615-627
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of urban sprawl and their ramifications, i.e. segmentation and hierarchization on the spatial structure as well as populational composition, focusing on Daecheon - Village and Daecheoncheon - Network in Busan, and to examine not only the solidarity between constituents transcending the segmented spaces but also the internal values operating inside through the Daecheoncheon - Network. Due to the large - scale housing development in the 1980s to 1990s, Daecheon - Village has been transformed from a rural village to a town. In this process, the original single space became segmented into Daecheon - Village and apartment complex. This spatial segmentation divided the populational composition into old natives and young immigrants. However, the Daecheoncheon - Network created by solidarity between the bodies of two localities enabled the residents to resolve the urgent issues of localities, recognizing their own space of living not as segmented and hierarchic but as the communal site of life and one village where they will live together. Daecheoncheon-Network was the movement and network to connect natives and immigrants transcending the segmented space and went so far as to make a motive to create one community with the value of 'symbiosis.'

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.111-118
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• 2009

Urban houses of traditional Korean Style are a type of habitation that happened during a transitional period when the modernization of habitation had progressed in 1930s, and also a habitation folding societal trails that had adapted and developed into urbanization together with the native traits of traditional Korean Style houses. Because they keep our style of living and the process of change just as they were, it is important work to shed light on and keep a record of it. So, this thesis arranges the contents of research on the actual condition of living, and may try to reason by analogy the changing style of residents' living through the change of space composition and the way of space usage for the urban houses of traditional Korean style that were changed by extension and remodeling of residents. As the concrete matters, it is to grasp the physical and spatial change of urban houses of traditional Korean style in accordance with extension and remodeling, and to analyze in which part and how they had been changing for the spatial composition of urban houses of traditional Korean style according to the change of living style, and especially the change toward a stand-up type of k stand-and the following traits and factors of the change toward Dining-Kitchen. The kitchen changed toward Dining-Kitchen shows some typical discrepancies depending on the location of kitchen as like a case of changing toward Dining-Kitchen from the existing location, a case of extending into the rear side of kitchen, a case of switching of location between kitchen and the inner room, and a case of changing toward Dining-Kitchen from the location of a room across from the main living room. As kitchen changed toward Dining-Kitchen like these, it shows that the connecting trace into the inner room came out, each room came to show a bit clearer function but grow smaller relation with the threshing ground, and also the function of the threshing ground came reduced.