• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2014

This study has inferred the mechanism of psychological observation activities through comparison analysis of the observation data acquired from eye-tracking and their post-estimation. The results of their analysis can be summarized as the followings. First, even though the frame of analysis has been set up so that there might not be any change to the number of the sections even with any change of consecutive observation times, the fact that the time by area decreases along with the change of consecutive observation from three times to six and nine times means that the time spent on "recognition" of space information reduces in the course that the feature of observing for space information switches from "perception to recognition". Second, the subjects moves their eyes incessantly in order to acquire space information while observing the space, when it was confirmed that there was a difference between "the space which the subjects searched for information by means of observation activities" and "that which they thought they observed that remaining in their consciousness". The appreciation of this kind of difference is very significant for the analysis of observation features. Third, the short observation (0.1 second, three times of consecutive observations) is consistent with "Ares I, intensively searched = that marked as having been observed consciously" by 60%, while the long-time observation (0.3 second, 9 times of consecutive observations) had 56%, which was relatively high, of "Area I, searched intensively ${\neq}$ that marked as having been observed consciously", which means that the observation feature seen at the activities of "consciousness : unconsciousness" and "observation : search" had some change in the course of changing from "perception to recognition".

• 천문학회보
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.53.3-53.3
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• 2021

Adaptive Optics (AO) was first studied in the field of astronomy, and its applications have been extended to the field of laser, microscopy, bio, medical, and free space laser communication. AO modelling and simulation are required throughout the system development process. It is necessary not only for proper design but also for performance verification after the final system is built. In KASI, we are trying to develop the AO Python Package for AO modelling and simulation. It includes modelling classes of atmosphere, telescope, Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor, deformable mirror, which are the components for an AO system. It also includes the ability to simulate the entire AO system over time. It is being developed in the Super Eye Bridge project to develop a segmented mirror, an adaptive optics, and an emersion grating spectrograph, which are future telescope technologies. And it is planned to be used as a performance analysis system for several telescope projects in Korea.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.77-93
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• 2011

Across the culture of Western Europe, dichotomy based on the visual sense has evolved. They believed eyes and ears requiring a distance related in recognition, are more developed than any other human senses in human body. Dominant position, as a condition to using a perspective, the eye has been just concentrated in the development of optical sight. But developed a variety of modern media, highlighting the importance of the other perception, it makes dichotomy to the expansion of perception over the single function of visuality. Recently, Guille Deleuze and Merleau-Ponty try to recover the sense of tactility segregated in skin from body keeping eyes for distance. By the result, the activity can be happened by being connected to the body rather than to eye in the space between the subject and object. From the phase of recognition where the human body tries to identify the object in the space considering a time, it will be changed for the subject to the phase of structure vice versa. Visual tactility is to eliminate the distance between subject and object. If the visual tactility is to erase the distance different from the visual in dichotomy, it will be occurred to having a tension and makes new relationship to work trying to move the subjective point of view in object. Like this evidence in analysis of architecture, it can be easy to find the Korean architecture rather than western architecture in terms of emphasizing the time and space. The fact, architecture of Lee Dynasty had been preserved and consisted basic form and style over the centuries makes us assume that visual tactility was considered as well as the visual sense. This study will be intensive in terms of visual and tactile inherent in the subject and how it is being connected to the movement in the space and time.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.356-359
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• 2000

Superior orbital fissure syndrome is characterized by ophthalmoplegia, ptosis of the eye, reflex dilation of the pupil, and anesthesia of the upper eyelid and forehead. This syndrome may be the result of craniofacial fractures as well as neoplasms of the retrobulbar space, hematomas in the orbital muscle cone and retrobulbar space, and hematoma and infection of the cavernous sinus. A case of superior orbital fissure syndrome is described.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
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• pp.49.2-49
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• 2001

In this paper, a skin-color model in the HSV space was developed. Based on it, face region can be separated from other parts in a image. Face can be detected by the methods of Template and eye-pair. This realized in our robot.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.212-219
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• 2013

This study uses a fashion shop facade design to track human gaze, find gaze frequency for gaze time for the gaze points along the path of sight, and expose the importance of facade design and figure out the value through theoretical systematization. Thus, this study employed the measurement method in physiological psychology which is sight-tracking device with eye-tracking to perform effective data evaluation. To find gaze frequency and study the contents to reflect on the facade, precedent study review, and case study of facade design to collect stimulants to be used in eye-tracking experiment were executed. And the eye-tracking experiment which traces the movement of eye[pupil] was performed. As the result of analyzing gaze frequency, The characteristics of such gaze path formation made the characteristics for gaze frequency even clearer. What was characteristic in the analysis result according to 'average value for gaze time' was that only 8 out of 2000 areas showed over 1 second of frequency and, and all other shoed less than 1 second of gaze time. This indicates that human sight endlessly jumps around, and that it 'Stay' where it has interest. This study found the average of the frequency of this 'Stay' in facade design. This study well presents the major points to add value to the design of the space of facade based on scientific measurement/analysis data obtained through visual understanding. Through such, this study is thought to be able to have a positive interaction with marketing by forming a theoretical background bringing utility to purchase environment and assisting in sales increase.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.122-131
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• 2014

This study aimed to conduct an eye-tracking experiment carried with facade images as a medium and to do research on 'the interest of the eyes' resulted from people's gazing phenomena. This study secured gazing data which appeared according to visual response and analyzed gazing phenomena to find the basic theory of 'the interest of the eyes' as a methodological role, which consumer interest and attention could be grafted when a plan and a design for space design was made. Data terms used in eye-tracking backgrounds and the movement of the eyes were investigated in literature review. Twenty (20) facade images were selected through a case study to get experimental stimuli for the related experiment. Thirty (30) subjects (men and women) suitable for the experiment were recruited to conduct an eye-tracking experiment. After the experiment, five (5) areas were set up in the facade image to identify the focus level of interest and attention. The level of interest and focus was connected to the interest of the eyes. The analysis to study the interest of the eyes was based on nine (9) items such as sequence, entry time, dwell time, hit ratio, revisits, revisitors, average fixation, first fixation and fixation count. Through gaze analysis, the following conclusion was drawn about the 'interest level of sight' for gaze frequency. The interest level can be interpreted to be higher for faster sequence, shorter entry time, longer all fixation(ms) for dwell time, faster all saccade(%), higher hit ratio, more revisits, more revisitors, longer average fixation, faster and longer first fixation, and more fixation count, and the person can be said to have felt interest faster and/or more.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to minimize of entrance surface dose (ESD) at the eye using high kVp technique in the computed radiography. We used REX-650R (Listem, Korea) general X-ray unit, and external detector with ESD dosimeter of Piranha 657 (RTI Electronics, Sweden). We used head of the whole body phantom. The total 64 images of X-ray anterior-posterior of skull were acquired using the film/screen (F/S) method and the digital of computed radiography method. The three radiology professor of more 10 years of clinical career evaluated a X-rays images in the same space by 5-point scale. The external detector was performed measurement of ESD of three times by same condition on the eye of the head phantom. The good image quality in the F/S method (90 kVp, 2.5 mAs) showed at the minimized ESD of 0.310 ${\pm}$ 0.001 mGy. the good image quality in the computed radiography method (90 kVp, 2.0 mAs) showed at the minimized ESD of 0.180 ${\pm}$ 0.002 mGy (P = 0.002). Finally the radiation dose could reduced about 50% in the computed radiography method more than the F/S method. In addition the eye entrance surface dose using high kVp technique with the computed radiography was reduced 92% more than conventional technique (F/S method).

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.9-13
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• 2022

본 논문에서는 지면반사를 이용한 크로스아이 재밍에 의해서 발생되는 모노펄스 레이다의 추적오차를 분석한다. 크로스아이 재밍은 위상과 진폭이 다른 두 신호를 동시에 레이다로 송신하여 레이다 추적 시스템에 오차를 발생시키는 방법이다. 모노펄스 레이다가 지형 바운스에 의해서 발생되는 크로스 아이 재밍신호를 수신하면 고각 방향으로 추적오차가 발생 한다. 다중반사가 존재하는 저고도 환경에서 추적 레이다 수신기에서는 재머에서 송신된 신호가 직접 경로와 반사 경로 두 신호가 도달하여 그 경로 차에 의해 오차가 발생한다. 지형 바운스 재밍은 단일 재머를 이용하여 할 수 있는 장점이 있으나 재밍에 영향을 미치는 공간은 지형 반사각과 지형의 산란 정도에 의해서 제한된다. 본 연구는 해상에서 저고도로 날아오는 미사일이나 항공기로부터 함정을 보호하기 위해서 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 입력된 영상에서 얼굴의 구성요소와 얼굴을 검출하는 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 얼굴 구성 요소탐지 방법으로는 EyeMap과 MouthMap을 이용하여 눈과 입술을 검출하는 방법을 사용한다. 먼저 눈의 영역을 찾은 후에 그 주변의 색상을 이용하여 피부 영역의 색상값 분포를 찾는다. 피부영역은 YCbCr에서 특징적인 분포를 나타내는데 이를 이용하여 배경영역과 피부영역을 분리한다. 피부영역으로 검출된 영역의 색상값 분포를 찾고 전체 영상에 그 분포와 근거리에 있는 영역들을 피부영역으로 검출한다. 여기서 추출된 피부영역을 기반으로 MouthMap을 구하여 입술을 검출한다. 기존의 방법과 달리 환경에 적응된 피부색상모델을 만들 수 있어 피부 영역 검출에서 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있을 뿐 아니라 보다 정확한 입술영역을 찾을 수 있다.