• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.7-20
• /
• 2004

This study was executed to find out how to improve the planting and use of landscaping plants in Chuncheon. The number of street trees was 17,877 in 2003. The major species of street trees were Ginkgo biloba(52.7％), Prunus sargentii(15.3％), Zelkova serrata(8.9％), Platanus occidentalis(7.3％). Salix babylonica and Platanus occidentalis were decreased, while Prunus sargentii and Zelkova serrata were increased. Salix babylonica is a good species for a lakeside city, but its seeds cause allergies to some people. Most of the trees have been removed in Chuncheon. The planting of Salix babylonica(♂) resulted in no problems, and it should be propagated to plant. The soil of several areas was analysed to investigate soil conditions. The outskirts of city had good conditions in pH, organic matter and minerals, but the downtown areas had high alkalic, due to alkali from footpath concrete blocks. Appropriate pruning adds to the aesthetic and prolongs the useful life; it also requires less managing of insects and diseases to maintain good healthy of street trees. Street trees were not properly pruned due to electric lines and shortage of pruning information. The pruning was controlled by Korea Electric Power Co, which has no pruning information. Pruning must be maintained by a professional landscape company to maintain good shape such as with Bonsai. The Shrubs planting zone between street trees and other trees, and preservation plates were established for healthy of street trees. They have to be repaired and maintained well to keep better environmental conditions. The number of tree and flower species of 68 schools in Chuncheon were 12 and 16, respectively. The species that showed high preference were Juniperus chinensis, Pinus koraiensis, Pinus densiflora, Rosa centifolia, Forsythia koreana, and Rhododendron schlippenbachii. The high frequency of the protection trees designated by Chuncheon were Pinus densiflora, Ginko biloba, Zelkova serrata, Quercus species. It was thought that the diversification of street tree species, the selection of street trees suitable to each space, the generalization of use of native species, the appropriate pruning and proper fertilization, the control of pests and diseases, and the opinions of citizens concerning landscape plants were needed to improve the planting, use and maintenance of landscaping plants in Chuncheon.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.50-62
• /
• 2015

Recently, Subway Line No. 9, described as a 'hell-like' subway for its recorded load factor of max. 240% due to the opening of the 2nd phase extension section, has been causing problems of recurrent congestion in a subway station building. A recurrent congestion in the station building becomes a factor to offend rail users and to reduce the efficiency of railway management. This study aims to establish the methodology for effect evaluation of information provided to rail users, and conducts a gate metering case study considering the congested conditions at a platform among the methodologies for effect evaluation. The metering effect evaluation by load factor was conducted through selecting the micro simulation and pedestrian simulation tool grafting a gate metering. As a result, it was confirmed that, if gate metering is performed, the service level and pedestrian density of a platform by load factor would improve. In other words, if metering is conducted at a platform, it is possible to control the load factor in the waiting space of a platform. Therefore, it was judged through this study that it is possible to set up the index for effect evaluation of information provided to manage congestion of rail users, and establish the methodology for effect evaluation of information provided to rail users through a program.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
• /
• v.14C no.5
• /
• pp.431-438
• /
• 2007

RFID system is core technology that construct ubiquitous environment for replacement of barcode technology. Use ratio of RFID system rapidly increase because the technology has many good points such as identification speed, storage space, convenience etc. But low-cost tag operates easily by query of reader, so the system happened user privacy violent problem by tag information exposure. The system studied many ways for security application, but operation capability of low-cost tag is about $5K{\sim}10K$ gates, but only $250{\sim}3K$ gates allocated security part. So it is difficult to apply security to the system. Therefore, this scheme uses dividing 64 bits and reduces arithmetic, so proposed scheme provide mutual authentication that can apply to low-cost RFID system. Existing methods divide by 4 and used 96 bits. However, that reduces 32 bits length for lightweight and reduced from communication number of times of 7 times to 5 times. Also, because offer security by random number than existing scheme that generate two random numbers, that is more efficient. However, uses hash function for integrity that was not offered by XOR arithmetic and added extension of proposed scheme. Extended scheme is not offered efficiency than methods that use XOR arithmetic, but identification distance is mode that is proposed secure so that can use in for RFID system.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.182-190
• /
• 1999

There has been the rapid change of paradigm with the overflow of terms related to computers such as information, digital, cyber, virtual world and the change of time concept on the ground that it is common to change the world into virtual time. This study is about cybercharacters working in air-broadcasting with rapidly-developing internet, The cybercharacters including 3D animation developed from 2D animation are know to be manufactured with use of electronic mediun and computers and to exist in electronics. Though the emergence of the cybercharacters has a lot of gflnetic roots according to their objectives, they have in common that they are made by 3D graphics and they work in the virtual space, The great traits of the cybercharaters lie in the extension of interfacial function and ecological growth. In the cyberspace the interface, the meeting point between a computer and its users is the most important, The cybercharacters as medium providing new ruman interface become effective with growing interest in virtual reality, The cybercharacters also keep the ecological traits, They can also bring about added value with infusion of image and development of the network, These cybercharacters can also play the important parts in the continually developing cyberspace, The successful birth of the cybercharacter are based on, the technological power. assistance of fund and the ctrltural background, The information-entertainment of the cybercharacters functions well with the accompinimene of these three things, The cybercharacters can make a subject which keeps single issue as a central point of the virtual realty, The cybercharacters can also be connected with equity of "Korean knowledge information society" in the cultural rule of the internet and sociocul tural identity, identity.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.165-171
• /
• 2013

YoungDo bridge is the first suspension bridge in Busan which experienced several times repair and reinforcement after completion in 1934. The bridge is under demolition for extension and restoration work since 2011. The purpose of this research is to establish data base about modern concrete. The mix design of the concrete is like that cement : fine aggregate : coarse aggregate = 1 : 2 : 4 or 1 : 3 : 6 by the parts. The compressive strength is in the ranges from 50 to 55 MPa and the elastic modulus is in the ranges from 25 to 35 GPa. From the fact that the deviation is less than 10 %, considerably high quality control was conducted in those days. The carbonation depth is 5.92 cm at the bridge post and 14.3 cm at the machine room. That is why ocean environment keeps the high humidity. The diffusion coefficient of chloride ion through the pores in concrete is 1.052e-12 $m^2/s$ from the regression analysis using the experiment data. The water cement ration is estimated at approximately 35 % in case if the concrete using ordinary Portland cement.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.143-152
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to predict the failure or success of the Snatch-lifting trial as a consequence of the stand-up phase simulated in Kane's equation of motion that was effective for the dynamic analysis of multi-segment. This experiment was a case study in which one male athlete (age: 23yrs, height: 154.4cm, weight: 64.5kg) from K University was selected The system of a simulation included a multi-segment system that had one degree of freedom and one generalized coordinate for the shank segment angle. The reference frame was fixed by the Nonlinear Trans formation (NLT) method in order to set up a fixed Cartesian coordinate system in space. A weightlifter lifted a 90kg-barbell that was 75% of subject's maximum lifting capability (120kg). For this study, six cameras (Qualisys Proreflex MCU240s) and two force-plates (Kistler 9286AAs) were used for collecting data. The motion tracks of 11 land markers were attached on the major joints of the body and barbell. The sampling rates of cameras and force-plates were set up 100Hz and 1000Hz, respectively. Data were processed via the Qualisys Track manager (QTM) software. Landmark positions and force-plate amplitudes were simultaneously integrated by Qualisys system The coordinate data were filtered using a fourth-order Butterworth low pass filtering with an estimated optimum cut-off frequency of 9Hz calculated with Andrew & Yu's formula. The input data of the model were derived from experimental data processed in Matlab6.5 and the solution of a model made in Kane's method was solved in Matematica5.0. The conclusions were as follows; 1. The torque motor of the shank with 246Nm from this experiment could lift a maximum barbell weight (158.98kg) which was about 246 times as much as subject's body weight (64.5kg). 2. The torque motor with 166.5 Nm, simulated by angular displacement of the shank matched to the experimental result, could lift a maximum barbell weight (90kg) which was about 1.4 times as much as subject's body weight (64.5kg). 3. Comparing subject's maximum barbell weight (120kg) with a modeling maximum barbell weight (155.51kg) and with an experimental maximum barbell weight (90kg), the differences between these were about +35.7kg and -30kg. These results strongly suggest that if the maximum barbell weight is decided, coaches will be able to provide further knowledge and information to weightlifters for the performance improvement and then prevent injuries from training of weightlifters. It hopes to apply Kane's method to other sports skill as well as weightlifting to simulate its motion in the future study.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
• /
• v.16 no.7
• /
• pp.5-13
• /
• 2015

The pressure penetrating steel pipe pile method which can be constructed in a narrow space using the hydraulic jack is used on the foundation reinforcement, extension of the structure and basement, restoration of the differential settlement etc.. This method is possible to construct in narrow areas and low story height, the non-noise and non-vibration works, and it is possible for the construction site to be clean without slime. And it is possible to confirm the bearing capacity of pile due to penetrating the pile with the compression load of hydraulic jack. In this study, the static load test with the load-transfer test was carried out to investigate the bearing behavior characteristics of the pressure penetrating steel pipe pile. Four series of static load test were executed to investigate the variation of bearing behavior of the pressure penetrating steel pipe pile. As a result of these tests, the allowable load of the pressure penetrating steel pipe was evaluated more than 637 kN, and the shaft resistance corresponding to 81~86% of each applied load was mobilized with only a small portion of the base resistance acting. And it was also evaluated that the unit skin friction was mobilized to maximum value after two months.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.36-49
• /
• 2016

A subway system is one of the major transportation modes at a metropolitan area. When it meets the other lines, the metro station, so-called transferring station, is usually threatened by severe pedestrian congestion and safety issue of transit users including the transportation vulnerable. Although transportation planners forecast travel demand at the beginning, it is not easy to predict pedestrian flows precisely for a long term if land use plans have dramatically changed. Due to expensive costs, structural extension of metro stations is limited. Therefore, it requires efficient and technical improvements as meeting the demand of pedestrian and physical characteristics. In this study, the core mechanism of pedestrian movement-based simulation model was introduced and evacuation scenarios were analyzed with the developed model. As a result, the multiple optimal routes for unexpected events at the solid space of the multiple stories are easily searched through the simulator and in the case of Sadang Station, travel time can be reduced by 60% when the evacuation information and intuitive design are provided.

• Journal of the Geological Society of Korea
• /
• v.54 no.6
• /
• pp.615-630
• /
• 2018

Basin analysis is a research field to understand the formation and evolution of sedimentary basins. This task requires various geoscientific datasets as well as numerical and graphical modelling techniques to synthesize results dimensionally in time and space. For basin analysis and modelling in a comprehensive workflow, BasinVis 1.0 was released as a MATLAB-based program in 2016, and recently the software has been extended to BasinVis 2.0, with new functions and revised user-interface. As a case study, this work analyses the southern Vienna Basin and visualizes the sedimentation setting and subsidence evolution to introduce the basin modelling functions of BasinVis 2.0. This is a preliminary study for a basin-scale modelling of the Vienna Basin, together with our previous studies using BasinVis 1.0. In the study area, during the late Early Miocene, sedimentation and subsidence are significant along strike-slip and en-echelon listric normal faults. From the Middle Miocene onwards, however, subsidence decreases abruptly over the area and this situation continues until the Late Miocene. This is related to the development of the pull-apart system and corresponds to the episodic tectonic subsidence in strike-slip basins. The subsidence of the Middle Miocene is confined mainly to areas along the strike-slip faults, while, from the late Middle Miocene, the depocenter shifts to a depression along the N-S trending listric normal faults. This corresponds to the regional paleostress regime transitioning from NE-SW trending transtension to E-W trending extension. This study applies various functions and techniques to this case study, and the modelled results demonstrate that BasinVis 2.0 is effective and applicable to the basin modelling.

• Journal of Korean Classical Literature and Education
• /
• no.35
• /
• pp.5-46
• /
• 2017

This study aims to investigate the context of materials in literature textbooks and the awareness about the educational value of classical literature, as part of an interest in literature education phenomena. This study accepts the premise that textbooks affect the practice of classical literature education and, in particular, materials in textbooks are chosen according to the intentions, demands, and perspectives of education in specific social conditions. I divided the educational value of classical literature into two categories, classical and literary value, and investigated the actual conditions and context of materials of literature textbooks based on the 2009 revised curriculum and the 2011 revised curriculum. Classical literature is generally alienated and excluded; contemporary literature materials are mostly included and organized in the domains of 'the role of literature', 'reception and production of literature' and 'literature and life.' In addition, the tendency to heighten classical value and diminish literary value is deepening. In order to solve the problem that classical literature is only included as the product of the past, changes must be made not just to the curriculum, which are external changes, but to the awareness of the essence of classical literature, which are internal changes. Above all, generality as 'literature' and the sense of distance about space and time as 'classic' should be connected to various relationships which respond to problematic situations and the demands of learners. Based on the relationships, we can expect a rich diversity of contexts and aspects of included classical literature. In addition, an extension of the width and scope of included classical literature is anticipated. The reduction of workload, the advent of the concept of capability and the dissolution of traditional literature concepts are the changes of external environment, which is continuously requiring renewed investigation into classical literature beyond simple appropriateness.