• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.828-832
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• 2008

In 2004, The U.S president Bush announces space Exploration Vision included in Lunar outpost plan. Following the Space Exploration Vision announced by Bush, NASA made Construction Roadmap and studied space construction varietly to construct Lunar Outpost in 2025. The purpose to construct Lunar outpost is to develop space science and hitech industry and to secure the lunar materials. Especially, Lunar has more than 5billion ton He-3. In this reason, The countries advanced in Space Industry like U.S., Japan, Europe and China is studying space construction to mine Lunar materials and shelter to live. In this paper, We will make definition and necesarity of space construction and research Space Construction research trends to use for the preparation of Korea's space construction roadmap.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.621-624
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• 2015

We present the current status (as of August 2014) of SPICA (Space Infrared Telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics), which is a mission optimized for mid- and far-infrared astronomy with a cryogenically cooled 3m-class telescope. SPICA is expected to achieve high spatial resolution and unprecedented sensitivity in the mid- and far-infrared, which will enable us to address a number of key problems in present-day astronomy, ranging from the star-formation history of the universe to the formation of planets. We have carried out the "Risk Mitigation Phase" activity, in which key technologies essential to the realization of the mission have been extensively developed. Consequently, technical risks for the success of the mission have been significantly mitigated. Along with these technical activities, the international collaboration framework of SPICA has been revisited, which resulted in la arger contribution from ESA than that in the original plan. To enable the ESA participation under the new framework, a SPICA proposal to ESA is under consideration as a medium-class mission under the framework of the ESA Cosmic Vision. The target launch year of SPICA under the new framework is the mid-2020s.

• Architectural research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.19-29
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• 2011

Visibility of a space have been defined in several different ways: such as the axial line covering a convex space, a convex space defining the fattest shape in a space and an Isovist field formed by a field of vision at a given vantage point. Isovist fields are referred to as a descriptive medium to describe a movement by reviewing and analyzing geometric properties in them. Many descriptive methods for analysis of three-dimensional isovist are applied to analyzing the morphological properties in a 3D space more realistically. Although these models are regarded as a more advanced method for describing spatial properties, they have pros and cons such as complex mathematical calculations and somewhat arbitrary calibration in addition to huge consumption of memory space. These difficulties lead to the development of a three-dimensional visual accessibility model that explores the implication of building shape on the calculation of isovist fields drawn on a 2D plane. We propose a conceptual framework of how to measure the isovist field not as a 3D volume but as a combination of 2D plane on the ground with the 3D building shape of it's facade.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.60-68
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• 2008

The aim of this study is to elucidate the meaning of "less is more" by examining the design process of the Farnsworth House and its spatial composition. In order to find out what constitutes "less" and "more", Mies' sketches and drawings were reviewed, and the vision of the architect and the owner, and the responses from the critics were studied. As a matter of fact, these seemingly contradictory concepts the "less" and the "more" are relative terms that complement each other. The concept of "less" describes an enclosure of space, fixed, inflexible and invariable space that leaves no room for change. On the other hand, the term "more" represents an openness of space, free, flexible, and variable space. Mies tried to minimize "less" element when designing the interior of the Farnsworth House, and he did so by eliminating columns and walls. On the contrary, by using only fixed core, he created a "more" space, where the effects of flexible and open qualities are maximized. However, duality and contradiction rising from glass external wall and portico in the Farnsworth House raise a critical issue in this "less is more" discourse. The role of these parts of the house is rather contradictory, and the glass wall and the portico hold both "less" and "more" elements. Unlike its relatively simple composition of space, the Farnsworth House encompasses many complex and contradictory ideas that leave room for wide scope of exploration and various interpretations.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.381-387
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• 2012

The planetary exploration rover executes various missions after moving to the target point in an unknown environment in the shortest distance. Such missions include the researches for geological and climatic conditions as well as the existence of water or living creatures. If there is any obstacle on the way, it is detected by such sensors as ultrasonic sensor, infrared light sensor, stereo vision, and laser ranger finder. After the obtained data is transferred to the main controller of the rover, decisions can be made to either overcome or avoid the obstacle on the way based on the operating algorithm of the rover. All the planetary exploration rovers which have been developed until now receive the information of the height or width of the obstacle from such sensors before analyzing it in order to find out whether it is possible to overcome the obstacle or not. If it is decided to be better to overcome the obstacle in terms of the operating safety and the electric consumption of the rover, it is generally made to overcome it. Therefore, for the purpose of carrying out the planetary exploration task, it is necessary to design the proper suspension system of the rover which enables it to safely overcome any obstacle on the way on the surface in any unknown environment. This study focuses on the design of the new double 4-bar linkage type of suspension system applied to the Korea Aerospace Research Institute rover (a tentatively name) that is currently in the process of development by our institute in order to develop the planetary exploration rover which absolutely requires the capacity of overcoming any obstacle. Throughout this study, the negative moment which harms the capacity of the rover for overcoming an obstacle was induced through the dynamical modeling process for the rocker-bogie applied to the Mars exploration rover of the US and the improved version of rocker-bogie as well as the suggested double 4-bar linkage type of suspension system. Also, based on the height of the obstacle, a simulation was carried out for the negative moment of the suspension system before the excellence of the suspension system suggested through the comparison of responding characteristics was proved.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.263-275
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• 2023

The Sun-Earth Lagrange point L4 is considered as one of the unique places where the solar activity and heliospheric environment can be observed in a continuous and comprehensive manner. The L4 mission affords a clear and wide-angle view of the Sun-Earth line for the study of the Sun-Earth and Sun-Moon connections from he perspective of remote-sensing observations. In-situ measurements of the solar radiation, solar wind, and heliospheric magnetic field are critical components necessary for monitoring and forecasting the radiation environment as it relates to the issue of safe human exploration of the Moon and Mars. A dust detector on the ram side of the spacecraft allows for an unprecedented detection of local dust and its interactions with the heliosphere. The purpose of the present paper is to emphasize the importance of L4 observations as well as to outline a strategy for the planned L4 mission with remote and in-situ payloads onboard a Korean spacecraft. It is expected that the Korean L4 mission can significantly contribute to improving the space weather forecasting capability by enhancing the understanding of heliosphere through comprehensive and coordinated observations of the heliosphere at multi-points with other existing or planned L1 and L5 missions.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.5 s.112
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• pp.1-14
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• 2005

This study describes the recognition and the application of materials corresponding to the formative language of landscape design as the formative process of creating connote forms and meanings in a space. The purpose of this study is to propose the significance of materiality not only for conveying the meaning of landscape but also for providing expanded experience through synesthetic perception. The study consists of two parts: (1) The concept of materiality in landscape architecture is studied in three categories, which are divided in chronological order when the recognition of materials was changed. (2) Based on this exploration of the concept of materiality and the ways of expressing it that have developed from landscape arts to landscape architecture, the significance of materiality as the medium of contemporary landscape design is proposed. Breaking from previous technical and engineering approaches to materials and from a vision-centered recognition of materials, this study focuses on aesthetic and semantic aspects of materiality and is based on multidimensional recognition though synesthesia. Materiality has significance not only as the dynamic medium that carries the meaning of landscape by providing connections with the surrounding environmental context, but also as the engagement medium that expands observers' experiences with the environment through synesthesia. The study of materiality as the medium of landscape design would contribute to expanding the scope of the language of landscape design and to expressing the meaning of landscape through materiality being revealed on the basis of converted recognition of materials.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.45-68
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• 2001

The Gifted need the constructivist loaming environments that reflect his or her cognitive and affective characteristics and needs to exert their potential fully. 'Structural Communication'was designed to encourage creative thinking in learners, allowing them to create an understanding of a topic, not simply memorize facts. It is considered in line with constructivist philosophy and cognitive paradigms. The major purpose of this study is to explore 'Web-Based Structural Communication'program to embody the collaborative loaming based on constructivism. It was applied on high school $2\times2$ matrix teaming for the gifted students. Recently developed computer technology, emerging network facilities, and internet enable us to extend the usefulness and efficiency of 'Structural Communication’Especially web provides not only the discussion environment that is free from space and time constraints and characteristics of leasers, but also the experiences of knowledge construction through the collaborative learning. Through the 'Web-based Structural Communication', the gifted will be able to argue, persuade and share their unique ideas and gradually elaborated ill-structured ideas. The gifted will escape from the tunnel vision of the early time and have multiple perspectives that are more objective and logical. As the result, the gifted are expected to acquire the effect of 'the Zone of Proximal Development'that Vygotsky advocated.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.697-702
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• 2023

Recently, with the introduction of drones, a core technology of the 4th industrial revolution, various convergence education using drones is being conducted in school education sites. In particular, drone theory and practice education is being conducted in connection with free semester classes and career exploration. The drone convergence education program has higher learner satisfaction than simple demonstration and practice education, and the learning effect is high due to direct practical experience. However, since practical education is being conducted for a large number of learners, it is impossible to restrict and control the flight of a large number of drones in a limited place. In this paper, we propose a monitoring system that allows the instructor to monitor multiple drones in real time and learners to recognize collisions between drones in advance when multiple drones are operated, focusing on education operated in schools. The communication module used in the experiment was equipped with GPS in Murata LoRa, and the server and client were configured to enable monitoring based on the location data received in real time. The performance of the proposed system was evaluated in an open space, and it was confirmed that the communication signal was good up to a distance of about 120m. In other words, it was confirmed that 25 educational drones can be controlled within a range of 240m and the instructor can monitor them.