• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.248-255
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• 2016

The leaves of three plant species, such as soybean, raspberry, and kudzu, exposed to hydrogen fluoride was collected in an area surrounding an emission source where the release accident occurred. The ultrasonic-assisted extraction and analysis of fluoride by ion chromatography was carried out. The mean concentration of fluoride in the leaves of three plant species exposed to hydrogen fluoride was $5,409{\pm}1,198mg\;F/kg\;dry\;wt$ and $788{\pm}339mg\;F/kg\;dry\;wt$, respectively. The mean fluoride concentration in ambient air were estimated to be $2.36{\pm}0.65mg/m^3$ ($2.89{\pm}0.79ppm$) and $0.35{\pm}0.15mg/m^3$ ($0.43{\pm}0.19ppm$) in exposed and unexposed sites, respectively. It seems likely that the passive monitoring using plant leaves could identify with respect to plant risk by fluoride in atmosphere.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.16 no.3_4
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• pp.40-44
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• 1973

Hawkeye(Fe-chlorosis resistant) and PI 54619-5-1(Fe-chlorosis sensitive) soybeans were grown with and without DPTA(diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid) in Yolo loam soil. The major purpose of the study was to compare leaf-stem distribution of microelements for different treatments which increase concentrations of microelements in plants to evaluate the role of the chelating agent in increasing translocation of the microelements. Plant responses and yields were recorded and Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Al, Co, N, Sn, Pb and Mo contents of leaves and stems were determined by emission spectrography. Sulfur(soil pH4) increased leaf concentrations of Mn, Zn, Cu, CO, Ni, Sn and Pb. DTPA, particularly at 50ppm in soil, increased leaf concentrations of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Co, Ni and Mo. It increased Ti in leaves for the PI 54619-5-1 soybeans only. DTPA increased the ratios of the concentration in leaves to that in stems for Fe, Zn, Cu, Al, Ti, CO, Ni and Mo. Sulfur which increased the microelement concentration in both leaves and stems did not have this effect. DTPA increased the ratio at soil pH 6 and 8.5 in leaves to that in stems of the bush bean plants for Fe, Zn, Cu, Ni, but to a lesser extent in bush beans than in soybeans. PI 54619-5-1 soybeans tended to contain less of most of the metals than did Hawkeye soybeans.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.95-104
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• 2013

The study of carbonaceous aerosols in the atmosphere is critical to understand the role of aerosols in human health and climate. Using standardized thermal optical transmittance methods, organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and water soluble organic carbon (WSOC) were determined using a combustion sampling system for four types of agricultural crop residues (rice straw, red pepper stems, soybean stems, and green perilla stems) and eight types of forest trees (pine stems, pine needles, ginkgo stems, ginkgo leaves, maple stems, maple leaves, cherry stems, and cherry leaves). The aerosol particles between 0.056 and $5.6{\mu}m$ in size were analyzed using a Micro-Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactor (MOUDI). In the current study, the Carbonaceous Thermal Distribution (CTD) by carbon analyzer was discussed in order to understand the carbon fractions from the twelve types of biomass burning. Also, the concentration of OC, EC, WSOC, and water insoluble organic carbon (WIOC) detected in the emissions were described.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.167-172
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• 1991

The contents of dietary fiber and its physical properties of vegetables were determined. The samples selected in this study were soybean sprouts (Glycine max MERILL sprouts) butterber (Petasites japonicus MIQ), taro stem(Colcasia antiquorum SCHOTT stem), bracken (Pteridium aquilinum KUHN)and dried Korean cabbage leaves(Brassica compestris L.leaves). The contents of dietary fiber were 20.96~50.62% of neutral detergent figer, 10.60-38.19% of acid detergent fiber, 1.74-10.88% of lignin, 5.79~33.29% of hemicellulose and 5.79-33.29% of cellulose. Butterber had the highest dietary fiber content. Mean waterholding capacity of samples was 5.65-12.26g.water/g.acetone dried powder and butterber and dried Korean cabbage leaves had higher water holding capacity value than the others. Densities were 140-250mg/ml of direct density and 385-417 mg/ml of bulk density.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.110-116
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• 1983

The absorption and translocation of strontium-90 by soybean plant, Glycine max, was studied by applying strontium-90 solution on the foliage or on the soil surface right after the first flowering time under greenhouse conditions. The results are summarized as follows. In the foliar application of strontium-90, only a small portion of the radioactivity was translocated to other parts of the plant and most of it remained in the applied leaves, which should cause soil contamination after falling. In the soil surface application of strontium-90, much of the radioactivity was absorbed through the root and translocated to stems and leaves by different patterns depending on the growth stage.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.25 no.2 s.67
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• pp.113-120
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• 1986

Soybeans collected from different locations in Korea were planted for tests of seed transmission of soybean mosaic virus (SMV). The percentage of seed transmission ranged from 20.5 to 29.5% in 14 seedlots including soybean cultivar Namhe and 12 to 19% in other 44 seedlots. However, no seed transmission of SMV was observed in soybean cultivar Younkiyongho. SMV was detected from embryo and cotyledon of soybean seeds. The infection of SMV was highly detected from premature seeds than from fully mature seeds, and higher from seeds harvested from plants infected before June 20 than plants infected around July 20 and August 20. No significant relationship was observed between seed transmission of SMV and mottling of seeds. The incidence of soybean mosaic disease followed by one month after peak of aphid population. The number of aphids was less on leaves of soybeans with short and dense trichomes whereas it was higher on leaves of soybean with long and sparse trichomes. Generally, the number of aphids was decreased on leaves with long and dense trichomes as the growth progressed. Soybean cultivar Columbus and 14 cultivars were susceptible, Chief and 14 cultivars were moderate, but Jangbaek and 17 other cultivars were resistant to SMV when inoculated with one isolate of SMV.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 1979

This experiment was conducted to find out the effects on soybean plant exposed with various concentration and different fumigation periods of ammonia gas ($0.2mg/{\ell}$). The yield of soybean, nitrogen and, chlorophyll contents in leaves, and percentage of destroyed leaf area were investigated. The results were summarized as: 1. The soybean yield losses and percentage of destroyed leaf area were positively correlated with concentration of inflicting ammonia gas respectively. The yield losses was higher at noon exposure time than at night exposure time. 2. The soybean yield was negatively correlated with the percentage of destroyed leaf area. 3. The highest percentage of destroyed leaf area had at afternoon exposure time (14:00-15:00 o'clock) by $0.2mg/{\ell}$ ammonia gas fumigation, and the lowest one had at midnight exposure time (22:00-23:00 o'clock). 4. According to the increasing concentration of ammonia gas, the total and water soluble nitrogen contents in soybean leaves were increased, but the contents of chlorphyll b on decreasing rate. 5. The nitrogen contents in plant were higher in the afternoon exposure than in the morning, but the contents of chlorophyll were higher at night time exposure than at day time. 6. The highest decreasing of absorption spectra of chlorohpyll in chloroplast had at 10:00-11:00 o'clock on fumigation time and the lowest one had at 22:00-23:00 o'clock.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.883-887
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• 1998

Protease activities were measured in vegetables used as cooking material or a side dish. Proteases of green pepper (Kwari and Chungyang), perilla leaves, soybean sprout and mungbean sprout were showed high activities. Especially, protease in soybean sprout was the highest activity among them. After dialysis, remaining activities in mungbean sprout, green pepper (Kwari and Chungyang) and perilla leaves were 12, 23, 45% and 37%. In the results of thawing after freezing the proteases, remaining activities in sprout of mungbean and soybean were 100% and 65%. Protease in soybean sprout was showed higher activity and stability than others. Proteolytic effects of soybean sprout on myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic protein were showed higher than stroma protein. In SDS-PAGE, myosin heavy chain, actin and tropomyosin were hydrolyzed with increasing time. Protease activity was rapidly increased with increasing meat concentration in a early proteolysis reaction, but was slightly increased in later.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.111-118
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• 2008

Soybean is sensitive to waterlogging stress, leading to reduce their growth and yield significantly. The objective of this study was to characterize the relative sensitivities of biomass accumulation and specific nodule activity under waterlogging stress between supernoduating mutants, 'SS2-2' and 'Sakukei 4' and their wild-type soybeans, 'Sinpaldalkong 2' and 'Enrei', respectively. Flooding treatment was performed to soybean plants grown in a pot by waterlogging for 15 days from the beginning bloom(R1) stage under natural light. The nodule number and weight were considerably decreased by waterlogging stress. The bleeding sap rate of waterlogging soybean plants was decreased by 78-80% in supernodulating mutants and 65-74% in their wild types compared to control plants. The relative ureide-N content was also decreased by waterlogging and the reduction was high in supernodulating mutants. This may cause the massive reduction of shoot and root dry weight and leaf area in waterlogged soybean plants. There was a varietal difference in response to the waterlogging stress. During the waterlogging, supernodulating mutants maintained higher spad value than their wild types. Particularly, the difference between soybean varieties was clear in low rank leaves from the top. Also, supernodulating mutants showed a weak waterlogging tolerance than their wild types. Under waterlogging conditions, massive nodules were considerably destroyed and specific nodule activity after waterlogging may not be recovered when compared to their wild-type soybeans. Supernodulating mutants showed lower seed yield than their wild types in waterlogging conditions.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.311-318
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• 2002

Planting date of soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is one of production components in cultural systems. The objective of the current study was to identify the components of soybean production and cultural practices encompassing planting dates and cultivars that respond to dry matter accumulation, harvest index and yield components. Three determinate soybean cultivars were planted on May 13 (early), June 3 (mid), and June 24 (late). Planting density was 60$\times$15cm with 2 seeds (222,000 plants per ha). Soybean plants were sampled every 10 days interval from the growth stages of V5 to R8 and separated into leaves including petioles, stems, pods, and seeds. Dry matter accumulations, harvest indices, and yield components were measured. Early planting had taken 55 days from VE to R2 and late planting taken 39 days indicating reduced vegetative growth. Early planting showed higher leaf, stem, pod and seed dry weights than late planting. However, late planting appeared to be higher harvest index and harvesting rate. Vegetative mass including leaf and stem increased to a maximum around R4/R5 and total dry weight increased to a maximum around R5/R6 and then declined slightly at R8. The highest seed yield was obtained with mid planting and no difference was found between early and late plantings. Cultivar differences were found among planting dates on growth characteristics and yield components. The results of this experiment indicated that soybean yield in relation to planting dates examined was mainly associated with harvest index and harvesting rate, and planting date of cultivars would be considered soybean plants to reach the growth stage of R4/R5 after mid August for adequate seed yield.