• 한국작물학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2000

This experiment was conducted to investigate the changes of harvest index and the relationship between harvest index and yield determination factors by different planting times in the determinate soybean cultivars, Shinpaldal and Danbaeg. Optimum planting were 23 May in 1995 and 1996. Late planting were 13 June in 1995 and 6 June in 1996. Growth period from planting to physiological maturity (R7) was shortened as planting time was delayed in two cultivars due to shortening of reproductive growth period in Shinpaldal, and of vegetative growth period in Danbaeg. Stem weight was distinctly decreased in late planting compared to optimum planting, but seed weight of both cultivars was not different between planting times. Also, seed number per pod and harvest index were significantly increased in late planting and the high correlation was found between two factors. It was suggested that increase of harvest index in late planting would be related with high assimilate use efficiency due to increase of sink capacity. The results of correlation and principal component analysis for yield determination factors showed that main factor on yield determination was pod number per plant at R5 stage associated with dry matter accumulation during early reproductive growth period, seed number per pod and harvest index were the second factor, and one hundred seed weight was the third factor. The result of this experiment indicated that yield determination in soy-bean was dependent mainly on pod number per plant related to dry matter accumulation by early reproductive growth period, and the increase of seed number per pod and harvest index could compensate for yield decrease by shortening of vegetative growth period in late planting. Such result suggests that optimum planting date can be delayed from mid May to early June in improved soybean cultivars in Korea.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2008

Since somatic embryogenesis combined with ethylmethane sulfonate(EMS) treatments is the most efficient technique for mutagenesis, the embryogenic capacity of four soybean cultivars was evaluated at different EMS concentrations, treatment times, and preculture durations. Two to 4 mm long immature cotyledons were placed in induction medium after EMS treatment, and the numbers of somatic embryos formed per explant were counted four weeks after culture initiation. We observed genotypic differences in the efficiency of somatic embryogenesis from immature embryos among four cultivars treated with different concentrations of EMS for six hours. Cultivars, Sinpaldalkong 2 and Jack, displayed highly efficient somatic embryogenesis regardless of EMS concentration, whereas very low efficiency or no survival was observed in Jinju 1 and Iksannamulkong cultivars. Preculture duration did not influence the efficiency of somatic embryogenesis. Because Sinpaldalkong 2 exhibited the best somatic embryogenesis, much higher concentrations of EMS were used to test somatic embryo formation under different periods of time in this cultivar. Three and six hour treatments with both 1 and 2 mM EMS yielded higher embryo formation than longer periods of time. Increasing the time with embryos in 2 mM EMS caused a reduction in somatic embryogenesis in Sinpaldalkong 2, but many chlorophyll-deficient soybean variants were identified in the $M_1R_0$ and $M_2R_1$ generations. In addition to Jack, Sinpaldalkong 2 is a good genotype for plant regeneration from EMS-treated immature embryo cultures.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.340-345
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• 2005

A field experiment was conducted to assess the growth characteristics, seed and oil yield of two cultivars of soybean (G max (L.) Merr.) cv. PK-416 ($V_1$) and cv. PK-1024 ($V_2$) in relation to sulphur and nitrogen nutrition. Six combinations ($T_1-T_6$) of two levels of sulphur (0 and 40 kg $ha^{-1}$) and two levels of nitrogen (23.5 and 43.5 kg $ha^{-1}$) were applied to the two soybean cultivars as nutrients. Results indicated significant effect of sulphur and nitrogen, when applied together, on the growth characteristics, yield components, and seed and oil yield. Maximum response was observed with treatment $T_6$ (having 40 kg S and 43.5 kg N $ha^{-1}$). Seed and Oil yields were increased 90 and $102\%$ in $V_1$> and 104 and $123\%$ in $V_2$, respectively as compared to the control i.e. $T_1$ (having 0 kg S and 23.5 kg N $ha^{-1}$). Positive responses of S and N interaction on leaf area index, leaf area duration, crop growth rate and biomass production were also observed. The results obtained in these experiments clearly suggest that balanced and judicious application of nitrogen and sulphur can improve both seed and oil yield of soybean cultivars by enhancing their growth.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.22-31
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• 2005

콩의 논 재배시 생육반응은 밭에서와는 다른 결과가 예상되므로, 논재배 콩의 휴립조건에 따른 생장분석을 분석 하고자 화엄 풋콩 등 5품종을 고휴와 평휴로 재배하여 생육반응을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 휴립조건에 따른 콩의 지상부 생육은 경장의 경우 전 생육기에서 평휴재배시 높은 경향을 보이지만, 분지수와 경직경은 생육 후기로 갈수록 고휴조건에서 큰 경향을 보였다. 그러나 지상부 생육은 재배조건에 따른 차이보다, 품종간 차이가 보다 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 논에서 휴립 조건에 따른 생육단계별 콩의 지상부생육은, 생육초기인 V5 stage에서는 평휴재배시 건물 생산능력이 고휴재배시 보다 높았으나, 생육이 진전될수록 고휴로 재배할 때 건물중 생산이 높았으며, 전 생육기간 동안 품종별 차이가 뚜렷하였다. 재배조건에 따른 콩의 논에서의 지하부의 생육은, V5, R2 및 R5 stage 등 전 생육기간동안 고휴 재배시 지하부의 생육이 평휴재배조건 보다 왕성하였으며, 재배방법에 따른 고휴재배 효과는 나타나지 않았으나, 품종간 차이는 컸다. T/R율은 평휴로 재배할 경우 높았고, 재배방법에 따른 고휴재배 효과는 나타나지 않았으나, 품종간 차이는 인정되었다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.201-201
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• 2017

Delayed stem senescence of soybean is a phenomenon of retarded leaf and stem yellowing, where plants maintain a high stem water content and remain chlorophyll in leaf and stem at maturity stage. This phenomenon was one of the most important physiological disease in Japanese soybean cultivation. The occurrence of delayed stem senescence was affected by sowing time. And the most of Japanese field, soybean seeds were sowed in June. June is the rainy season in Japan, and the soil water content of field become higher in this season. In this study, the effects of late sowing (July sowing) on the yield and the occurrence of delayed stem senescence in soybean cultivars Enrei, Tachinagaha and Ayakogane were examined from 2013 to 2015, in the experimental farm at Nihon University (Fujisawa-city, Kanagawa, Japan). The seeds of all cultivars were sowed in June (June-normal density plot) or July (July-normal density plot, July-high density plot and July-super high density plot) in field experiment. The pot experiments were carried out in 2014. In all cultivars, the yield of July-high density plot and July-super high density were higher than that of June normal density plot. And the yield of June-normal density plot was the same as that of July-normal density plot. In all cultivars, the occurrence of delayed stem senescence was increased by seeding in June sowing. And in July sowing plots, no significance difference in the occurrence of delayed stem senescence was observed among density plots. One of reason about the increasing the occurrence of delayed stem senescence in June-normal plot was the increasing of the damaged seeds by bean bugs. Add one of reason about the decreasing of the occurrence of delayed stem senescence of July plots was the decreasing of the amount of cytokinin supplied from root to top and water stress after the flowering time was improved compared with the June plot. In conclusion, the yield of Enrei, Tachinagaha and Ayakogane were not changed by changing the sowing time from June to July. In all cultivars, the occurrence of delayed stem senescence were decreasing by seeding in July.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.792-801
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• 2018

Proximate compositions, quality and physicochemical characteristics of small black soybean cultivar, cultivated in the north-central region of South Korea with different seeding periods, were evaluated. Proximate compositions, chromaticity, water binding capacity, water solubility index, swelling power, and antioxidant properties were significantly different among cultivars and different seeding periods. Moisture, crude ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrate contents of small black soybean cultivar were 5.53~6.69, 5.47~6.54, 15.38~19.14, 34.17~40.26, and 32.04~36.85 g/100 g, respectively. Lightness, redness and yellowness were 35.60~38.61, -0.02~0.07 and -0.56~-0.13, and water binding capacity, water solubility index and swelling power were 84.48~148.31, 46.65~54.89 and 29.87~35.12%, respectively. Total polyphenol contents of first, second, and third seedings on small black soybean cultivar were 10.40~15.48, 9.86~14.85 and 8.61~15.39 mg GAE/g; total flavonoid contents were 5.81~7.25, 5.81~7.34 and 5.52~7.64 mg CE/g, respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity was 4.55~7.86, 3.99~8.79, and 3.74~9.43 mg TE/g, and ABTS radical scavenging activity was 9.32~12.90, 8.64~13.39, and 8.51~14.35 mg TE/g, respectively. Phenol compound of Tawonkong and Socheong cultivars decreased with delay of seeding periods. Radical scavenging activity of Socheong and Jununi cultivars decreased with delay of seeding periods, but Socheong 2 and Socheongja cultivars increased. In the study, phenol compound and radical scavenging activity of small black soybean cultivar were different, depending on cultivars and seeding periods.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.1326-1333
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• 2002

Studies were conducted with nine barrows, average initial body weight $44.5{\pm}2.1kg$, fitted with a T-cannula at the distal ileum, to determine the apparent ileal (and true) digestibility (AID and TID) of CP and AA in different cultivars of rapeseed meals and soybean meal. The barrows were fed either a casein diet or one of eight corn starch-based semipurified diets, formulated to contain 17.0% CP (DM basis) with one of seven different cultivars of rapeseed meal or soybean meal as the sole source of dietary protein, according to a six-period, nine-treatment, incomplete Latin Square. Chromic oxide (0.5%) was used as a digestibility marker. The pigs were fed of 4% of body weight twice daily, at 08:00 and 20:00 h. Ileal digesta were collected at 2 h intervals daily from 5 d to 7 d. The AID or TID values of CP and most AA (Cysteine excluded) were significantly lower in the rapeseed meals than in soybean meal (p<0.05). There were significant differences in the AID or TID values of CP and AA among the seven different cultivars rapeseed meals (p<0.05); the seven rapeseed meals were arranged according to the size of the AA digestibility values of the rapeseed meals from the greatest to the least, as Zayou 59, Youyan 7, Ganyou 16, Qingyou 2, Huaza 3, Ningza 1 and Lianglou 586; differences in CP, AA, NDF and ADF contents in the rapeseed meals were mainly responsible for the variation in the AID or TID values of AA among rapeseed meals. The AID value of CP can be used as an index of the AID or TID values of most AA in rapeseed meals. However, the AID value of CP was less appropriate as a direct indicator of the AID or TID values for cysteine, methionine, tryptophan, phenylalanine and proline.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.143-152
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• 2008

1913년부터 2000년까지 국내에서 육성된 70품종에 대한 초형형질에 관련된 주경, 분지 및 엽형질의 특성을 파악하여 다수성 콩 품종개발의 기초자료로 이용코자 하였다. 1. 초형형질의 변이는 주경과 분지관련형질의 12개 형질 중에서 초형폭, 분지장 및 초형폭/장 비율이 컸으며, 엽관련 8개형질 중에서는 엽병각, 엽장폭비 및 엽건물중이 컸다. 2. 용도별로 초형폭/장 비율은 밥밑콩이 장류 및 두부용콩과 나물콩에 비하여 높았고 장류 및 두부용콩과 나물콩은 큰 차이가 없었다.총분지장/주경장 비율은 나물콩과 밥밑콩이 높았고 장류 및 두부용콩이 낮았다. 3. 주경과 분지형질은 초형폭/장 비율과 총분지장/ 주경장 비율에 의하여 각각 그룹으로 분류되어졌고, 협초폭형이며 주경의존형은 단원콩, 금강콩, 셀비 및 신팔달콩이었고, 협초폭형이며 분지의존형은 소명콩이었다. 광초폭형이면서 주경의존형은 강림, 금강대립 및 진율콩이었으며, 광초폭형이면서 분지의존형은 검정콩 2호이었다. 4. 용도별로 소엽장/폭 비율은 밥밑콩이 작았고 장류 및 두부용콩과 나물콩과는 큰차이가 없었으며, 복엽의 엽면적은 밥밑콩이 가장 컸고 나물콩이 가장 작았다. 엽병장은 나물콩이 작았으며 장류 및 두부용콩과 밥밑콩은 큰 차이가 없었고, 엽병각은 밥밑콩이 가장 컸고 나물콩이 가장 작았다. 5. 엽형태는 엽장폭비와 엽면적에 의하여 각각 4그룹으로 분류 되어졌고, 소엽장폭비가 큰 원엽이면서 엽면적이 큰 대형엽은 부석과 대황콩이었고, 엽장폭비가 극세엽이면서 엽면적이 작은 소형엽은 은하콩과 소호콩이었다. 6. 엽병의 특성은 엽병장과 엽병각에 의하여 각각 3그룹과 4그룹으로 분류 되어졌고, 엽병장이 짧고 엽병각이 작은 품종은 은하콩이었고, 엽병장이 짧고 엽병각이 큰 품종은 알찬콩, 무한콩 및 푸른콩이었으며, 엽병장이 길고 엽병각이 작은 품종은 신팔달콩 2호이었다. 7. 은하콩은 전 시험품종 중에서 엽장폭비가 가장 큰 극세엽이면서 엽면적이 가장 작은 소형엽이었고, 엽병장이 가장 짧으며 엽병각이 가장 작은 품종이었다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.1122-1127
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• 2008

A high dietary oxalate intake may lead to calcium oxalate (CaOx) kidney stones in the gastrointestinal tract. Most soy foods contain high concentrations of oxalate and/or phytate. This study analyzed the changes in oxalate (Ox), phytate ($InsP_6$), and calcium (Ca) during soymilk processing from the seeds of Korean recommended soybean cultivars (cvs). The contents of Ox, $InsP_6$, and Ca in 21 cvs ranged from 14, 108, and 148 to 231, 279, and 246 mg/100 g of dry seed, respectively. Seven cultivars were selected from the 21 cvs by the distributions of Ox, $InsP_6$, and Ca. Then, each contents of soymilk prepared from the 7 cvs were determined. All contents were lower in soymilk than in seeds, but the Ox to $InsP_6$ ratios changed from varying ratios (0.1-0.8) to normal ratios (0.8-1.0) in all cvs except 'Paldalkong'. Consequently, during soymilk processing, the Ox content was decreased and the $InsP_6$ content was remained higher than the Ox content although the Ox was likely to be less reductive than the $InsP_6$. These results may provide better information for minimizing the risk of formation of Ox kidney stones due to consumption of soy products.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.88-92
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• 2000

Excessive soil water in paddy field induces growth losses during the vegetative stages of soybean plants. Our objectives were to know growth responses of soybean as affected by the level of ridge heights. A field experiment was conducted at the Research Farm of Korea University near Seoul in 1996. Ten cultivars of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) were planted at the ridge heights of 10, 30, and 50cm in paddy soil on 27 June. Total dry matter accumulation at the 10cm ridge height was severely decreased until the growth stage of R5 as compared to the ridge heights of 30 and 50cm, and this decrement was mainly due to both reduced leaf and stem dry weights. However, seed dry weight was not significantly decreased at the lower ridge height with the increment of harvest index. Cultivar differences were found on seed dry weight, crop growth rate from R1 to R5, and leaf/stem ratio of R5. From the above results, soybean growth responses to excessive soil water in paddy field were different between seed filling stage and late vegetative to early reproductive growth stages.