• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.86-91
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• 1995

This experiment was conducted to understand the response on sowing rates at furrow sowing of rice in paddy field. As sowing rates was increased, the number of seedling stand per$m^2$ was icreased, while panicie number per plant was decreased slightly. Leaf area at heading stage and effective tiller ratio were decreased with increasing of sowing rates, but heading date was not defferent among sowing rates. According to sowing rates was increased, culm length, panicle length, breaking strength, culm diameter were decreased, while lodging index was increased. Also, field lodging was observed in the higer sowing rates over 5kg/l0a. Althougth the panicle number per $m^2$ was increased with increasing of sowing rates, spike let per panicle and percent of filled spikelet were decreased. According to the result from the path coefficient analysis, percent of filled spikelets well identified to be the most influential variables on the variability in rice yield, so that improving percent of filled spikelets by inhibition of field lodging was the important matter to increase the yield. The optimal sowing rate and the number of seedling stand were estimated to be 4.5kg/l0a and 105 per $m^2$ respectively.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.169-175
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• 2022

This study aimed to examine the changes in dry matter yield and growth characteristics of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in response to variations in sowing dates during the autumn season of 2021-22 in a dry paddy field of Chilbo-myeon, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do. Treatments comprised four sowing dates at 10-day intervals, i.e., October 8, October 18, October 28, and November 8, 2021. The winter survival rate of alfalfa showed a significant difference between different treatments but was at a satisfactory level for all (p<0.05). The winter survival rate for the fourth sowing date, a month later than the first sowing date, was approximately 11.7% lower than that for the first sowing date. The plant height ranged between 82.3-93.1 cm and 60.5-63.7 cm at the first and second harvest, respectively, smaller at the second harvest than at the first harvest. The total dry matter yield of alfalfa was the highest at 13,316 kg/ha for the first sowing date, and the later the sowing date, the lower the dry matter yield. The protein content of alfalfa ranged between 13.6-17.3% in the first harvest, lower than the standard alfalfa protein content of 20% or more. In relative feed value, the first sowing (Oct. 8) was the most significantly higher in the first harvest (p<0.05). These results suggest that the early and mid-October sowing dates are optimum for sowing alfalfa during autumn and result in improved plant growth, dry matter yield, protein content, and winter survival compared to those at later sowing dates. Therefore, dry paddy fields can be safely employed for alfalfa cultivation with sowing dates in early and mid-October during autumn.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.14
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• pp.159-164
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• 1973

This study was carried out in the central part of Korea for three years from 1970 to 1972. Its aim was to investigate the variations of growth and yield of rice varieties of different cultivating methods (transplanting culture, direct sowing culture on irrigated paddy field, and direct sowing culture on non-irrigated paddy field. The results could be summarized as follows; 1. The number of days from sowing to heading by direct sowing culture on irrigated paddy field was remarkably shorter than transplanting culture. Direct sowing culture on non-irrigated paddy field was longer than transplanting culture. 2. The number of panicles showed direct sowing culture on irrigated paddy field was first, direct sowing culture on non-irrigated paddy field was second, and third transplanting culture. But the number of spikelets per panicle was first on the transplanting culture, second on the direct sowing culture on non-irrigated paddy field and third on the direct sowing culture on irrigated paddy field. 3. The weight of the brown rice showed that direct sowing culture on irrigated paddy field produced the highest yield among the cultivating method in all varieties. The transplanting culture increased more than the direct sowing culture on non-irrigated paddy field. The highly productive varieties were Sadominory, Akibale, Suwon 213-1 when the direct sowing culture on irrigated paddy field was used. 4. The correlation between the brown rice yield and the yield components were as follows; in each cultivating method, it showed highly significant positive correlation between the brown rice yield and the 1, 000 grain weight of hulled rice, and between the brown rice yield and the number of the spiklets per panicle in the transplanting culture, in the direct sowing culture On irrigated paddy field between the brown rice yield and the number of spikelets per panicle and between the brown rice yield and the number of panicles, in direct sowing culture on non-irrigated paddy field between the brown rice yield and number of panicles. 5. It showed highly significant negative correlation between the brown rice yield and the number of days from sowing to heading in the direct sowing culture on irrigated and non-irrigated paddy field, but it was showed very low negative correlation in the transplant culture.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.431-436
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• 1994

The objective of experiment was to investigate the effects of sowing dates on forage yield and growth characteristics of rye in paddy field cultivation in midwest region of Korea. The field experiment treated with 5 levels of sowing dates was carried out at Yesan from october 1990 to june 1991. The field emergence rate and winter survival rate were decreased with delay in sowing dates by the days from sowing to emergence were took a long period of time. The crop growth rate were increased with early in sowing date. The fresh and dry weight of rye were increased with early in sowing date, but there was no significant differences between sowing date from Oct. 5 to Oct. 25. The highest fresh yield was obtained at flowering stage and the highest dry yield was obtained at milky stage. The ratio of leaf blade and leaf sheath in rye plant were decreased with earlier sowing date and delayed harvest, but the ratio of stem and inflorescence was vice versa.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1996.06c
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• pp.999-1008
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• 1996

The development and improvement of the originally designed direct rice sowing machine were carried out for the specific purpose of saving labor and increasing the efficiency of field operations in rice cultivation in the northern part of Japan. the prototype super wide spreader has a unique mechanism which propels rice seeds by compressed air and spreads them from the pivoting nozzle while the machine is in motion. The effective field capacity of sowing operation is about 6 ha/h. This spreader can also handle granular chemicals such as fertilizers, herbicides, pesticides and insecticides.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.268-268
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• 2017

Common sowing method of italian ryegrass (IRG) has been using the backpack seed sprayer (BSS) in Korea. It has weak point including a hard work and a little sowing area. This study was conducted to find out the effects of sowing IRG using unmanned helicopter (UH) under the established rice field. We checked the labour saving of sowing IRG and the growth and yield of rice after using IRG as forage crop. Two sowing implements(using by UH and backpack seed sprayer (BSS)) were tested for the ability of sowing IRG. For proper pretreatment of IRG seeds for aerial sowing using with UH, we tested one-day soaking seeds, iron-coated seeds, coated seeds sold in stores and untreated seeds. Aerial sowing of IRG seeds using UH was tested under the speed 10 km/h and flying altitude 3~4m. We tried to confirm the effects on rice growth in a paddy field after IRG had been used as forage in mid May. In 6 hours of seeding per day, UH had a seeding area of 21.8 hectares, three times wider than BSS. UH had a decrease of about 63 percent of sowing-seed cost in comparison with BSS. In the IRG aerial sowing using UH, coating seeds had the wider sowing width of 5~6 meter than 3~4 meter untreated seeds. Residual dry matter of IRG after using forage had 4.5 ton per hectare and 20 percent of top dry matter. The amount of nitrogen remaining in residual IRG in the soil was 12 kg per hectare, and the other nutrients such as calcium and potassium was incorporated into the soil with less than 10 kg/ha. The rice yield after the harvesting IRG was 5 percent higher than that of rice single cropping. Consequently, IRG sowing using UH was effective in reducing sowing time and sowing cost compared with conventional methods and, it is considered that there is a positive effect on the rice cultivation compared to rice single cropping.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.49-62
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• 1992

This study was carried out to investigate the emergence, growth and yield components in rice inassoccation with Several cultivation methods direct sowing flooded paddy field(DSF), direct sowing by airplane(DSA), direct sowing in dry paddy field(DSD), 8days seedling planting(8DS), and 35days seedlingplanting(35DS). Also this study was attempeted to know the effects of calcium peroxide on germinationand early growth of rice under different soil conditions, seeding depth, application of organic matter,indirect sowing flooded paddy field.1. Rate of emergence was 73% in DSF, 70% in DSA, 62% in DSD, respectively, under the different cultivation method of rice in reclaimed paddy field.2. Degree of lodging in relation to cultivation was 5 at both DSF and DSA, 3 at DSD, 2 at both 8DS and 35DS respectively.3. Maximum tiller number was 568 per m2 at DSF and 527 at DSA. Heating was delayed for 4 days at DSF, 8 days at DSD and 2 days at 8DS as comparison with that at 35DS.4. Yield was higher 1% to 3% at DSF than that at DSA and DSD while decreased by 12% as compared with that of seedling planting.5. Total dry weight of seedling was decreased by 57% at 8DS, 60% at DSF 63% at DSD, respectively, under 0.3% of salinity. Ratio of decreasing in dry weight was higher with high salinity.6. The amount of O2 released was recorded highest to 2 to 3days after irrigatition, thereafter remaining constant to 10 days after irrigatition.7. The optimum coating amount of calcium peroxide for germination was a half of rice seed weight with 1 cm sowing depth and one-fold with 2-cm sowing depth when rice straw was not applied. With rice straw applied, on the other hand, the amount of peroxide was one-fold with 1-cm sowing depth. It was found that, under the condition of applied 600kg/10a, of 2-cm soil depth with rice straw calcium peroxide coating had no effect on emergence of rice seedling.8. In reclaimed paddy field, lodging degree was 7 with direct sowing by machine and 9 with direct sowing by hand.9. Yield was increased by 5% by applying rice straw with direct sowing by machine.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1996.06a
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• pp.1-6
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• 1996

A seeder monitoring system was developed to remove the uneasiness of mis-sowing that drop operations efficiency at sowing-work and to make reliable and stable work. The objectives of this study are to investigate that the system developed is applicable to sowing soybean seeds and scattering fertilizer and to evaluate performance of the system developed through the indoor test and the indoor test and the field test before it is propelled to put the system developed to practical use.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.60-64
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate effects of sowing dates and method on major agronomic characteristics of Dendropanax morbifera $L_{EV}$. in southern area of Korea. The number of days from sowing to emergence was recognized liner negative correlation between sowing days. Dendropanax morbifera was sowed at seven different dates(from Dec.20 to Feb.20 at 30 days interval, from Mar, 1 to Apr. 15 at 15 days interval) in pot culture. In sowing date at Mar. 15, germination rate and early growth were good in pot. Dendropanax morbifera was sowed at five different dates(from Dec.20 to Apr.15 at 15 days interval) in field culture. In sowing date at Apr.15, germination rate and early growth were good in field culture.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.69-74
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• 1996

This experiment was carried out to investigate to adaptability of forage rape(Brassica napus oleifera) and the determine its proper sowing time for a second cropping on the fallow field after sweet corn yield in the Hongchon area The forage rape, Ramon was sown at intervals of about ten days given eight different sowing times as treatments the early August to the middle October 1988. Plant height and DM yield were significantly higher for the early August(P<0.05) than for the other sowing times. Crude protein contents of the early August, mid August, mid September and late September were higher(P<0.05) 26.5, 24.3, 27.1 and 30.9% as much as that of the late August(l4.9%), respectively. Sowing time having high content of crude fiber shown low content of crude protein. Yields of crude protein were 3.52, 2.36, IAltha in the early, mid and late August, respectively. The highest crude protein yield was shown in the early August(P<0.05). Crude fiber yield was higher in early, mid and late August than in the other sowing times. These results indicate that forage rape sown in the early August as a second cmpping on the fallow field after sweet corn yield in Hongchon area, could be used as the high quality forage.