• Ocean Science Journal
• /
• v.42 no.2
• /
• pp.61-67
• /
• 2007

Three barracudina fishes (Paralepididae) were newly recorded from the southern sea of Korea. Lestidium prolixum is characterized by a single band of luminous ducts on the midventral line and absence of a papilla anterior to the eye. Lestrolepis intermedia and L. japonica are similar in having a black papilla immediately in front of the eye and two bands of luminous ducts on the midventral line. However, the dorsal fin of L. intermedia is located more posterior along the body than that of L. japonica, and L. intermedia have larger number of anal fin rays 42 (vs. 36-40) and vertebrae 95 (vs. 86-87) than L. japonica.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.115-128
• /
• 2013

Five scyllarine lobster species, belonging to the family Scyllaridae, are described from Korean waters: Chelarctus cultrifer (Ortmann, 1897), Crenarctus bicuspidatus (De Man, 1905), Galearctus kitanoviriosus (Harada, 1962), G. timidus (Holthuis, 1960), and Petrarctus brevicornis (Holthuis, 1946). Of these, three species, C. bicuspidatus, G. timidus, and P. brevicornis are new to Korean marine carcinological fauna. This report extends the known range of G. timidus to the southern coast of Korea from Taiwan in the East China Sea. Excluding C. bicuspidatus and G. kitanoviriosus, the other three species are relatively rare in Korean waters. They are described herein with color photographs, and a key to the Korean genera and species of Scyllarinae is also presented.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.212-221
• /
• 2004

Concentrations of suspended particulate matters (SPM) and their distribution patterns were monitored three times in the East China Sea during the winter season in 1998 and 1999. SPM concentrations showed significant temporal variations controlled by the atmospheric conditions and sea states. In coastal area, SPM values were about 10-20 mg/l in fair weather conditions, but exceeded 100mg/l during the storm periods. Turbid waters were distributed widespread in the continental shelf of the East China Sea and the coastal area of the Korean Peninsula, and these two areas were connected along a NE-SW direction. The distribution patterns of turbid waters were interpreted as representing the transport behavior of suspended matter. Although the primary source of inner shelf mud deposits of Korea seems to be the Korean Peninsula, contribution from the East China Sea to the coastal area of Korea increases especially during the winter season.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.258-263
• /
• 2020

The aim of this study is to report monotypic species, Nonparahalosydna pleiolepis(Marenzeller, 1879) for the first time from Korean waters with its DNA barcoding data. We collected individuals of the species from the subtidal zone of southern coast of Korea through scuba diving. To estimate DNA barcoding gap, the pairwise genetic distances were calculated between N. pleiolepis and its congeners (Halosydna brevisetosa Kinberg, 1856 and Lepidonotus squamatus (Linnaeus, 1758)) based on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI). Inter-specific genetic distances ranged from 18.7% to 24.6%, while intra-specific genetic distance within N. pleiolepis ranged from 0.3% to 0.5%. The maximum intra-specific genetic distance among the three species was 1.4%. The morphological diagnosis of N. pleiolepis with a taxonomic note on the species were also provided.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.47 no.4
• /
• pp.356-368
• /
• 2011

Species composition of fishes and the recruitment properties of jack mackerel, Trachurus japonicus, in the waters around the Geumo Islands in the mid-South Sea were investigated by using both sides fyke nets every month from February to December 2010. During study period, a total of 30,503 fishes (1,380.4 kg) were collected and classified into 2 classes, 16 orders, 61 families and 121 species. The dominant species was jack mackerel occupying 80.5% of total individuals and 44.4% of total biomass. The fork length range of jack mackerel was 5.5-26.8 cm and individuals about 6 cm was appeared only in the middle and southern area of the Geumo Islands in May. The new recruitment of jack mackerel appeared from May in the waters around the Geumo Islands is probably caused by the warm water intrusion associated with the development of stratification due to the extinction of seasonal coastal cold waters by the increase of solar radiation heat. Furthermore, the jack mackerels less than 6 cm recruiting in the mid-South Sea in spring were considered as mixed ones by individuals spawned in the East China Sea and in the waters around the Jeju Island considering the collected time, migration period and spawning time of them.

• 한국해양학회지
• /
• v.1 no.1_2
• /
• pp.14-21
• /
• 1966

A phytoplankton study in the Korean waters has been commenced from 1964 as parts of the primary production studies in the Korean waters and the cruise for the cooperative studies of the Kuroshio from 1965 to 1968. Samples are taken by dipping 300-500 ml of sea water from the surface, and then fixed by adding neutralized formalin. The phytoplankton identification and cell counts are made on samples carefully after concentrated by decanting and centrifuging in the laboratory. This report deals with the surface phytoplankton obtained during the period of August 14-27, 1965 at twenty-three stations in the Korea Strait. Fifty nine species in seventeen genera of diatoms are detected from the samples collected at the stations. Among them seven species in five genera are considered to be purely neritic or cold water species and eight species in four genera are oceanic species of the Kuroshio. The highest phytoplankton standing crops are found in the sea area neighboring coastal waters of southern Korea, and the species distribution show anomalies in normally oceanic species being confined to neritic waters. There are distinct genera compositions of eastern, western and intermediate sea areas in the Kore Strait.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.16 no.8
• /
• pp.941-957
• /
• 2007

This study monitored marine environments and ecological characteristics of phytoplankton in southern coastal waters during June to October in 2004-2006 and provided an information to how Cochlodinium blooms have occurred. A total of sampling sites was 16 (Dukyang bay, Goheung, Yeoja bay, Gamak bay, Gwangyang bay, Yeosu, and Namhae). Temperature ranged from $19^{\circ}C\;to\;29^{\circ}C$, which all of sampling in Yeoja bay was the highest temperature of $27^{\circ}C\;and\;29^{\circ}C$ during summer. On June, July, September, and October did not show a remarkable difference regardless of sampling sites. Yeoja and Gwangyang bays had 25-27 in salinity that was lower approximately 5-6 compared with other sampling sites. Chlorophyll had considerable fluctuations depending on sampling sites on July and October, in particular, Gwangyang bay was the highest value of $15{\mu}gl^{-1}$ that had five times as much as. Unlikely to temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll, transparency ranged from 2 m to 5 m regardless of sampling sites. Gwangyang bay was the highest DIN (Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen) of $0.53mgl^{-1}$ on July and August that had ten times as much as, whereas DIP (Dissolved Inorganic Phosphorus) did not show a significant difference between sampling sites. On July, the correlation of DIN and chlorophyll was a negative that should extremely require DIN to grow phytoplankton, but was a positive liner on August. Mean cell number of phytoplankton reached to encounter a peak of 500 cells $ml^{-1}$ in July and August, which diatoms were dominant species and attained an abundance of >60% regardless of months. In August, the occurrence of dinoflagellates ranged from 20% to 30%. Skeletonema costatum, one of dominant speicies, was the highest occurrence to throughout sampling sites during 2004 to 2006. On the basis of cluster analysis for phytoplankton, they were distributed in all of sampling sites. Consequently, significant fluctuations of marine environments were shown in summer and S. costatum was regarded as the representive phytoplankton in southern coastal waters. In particular, the outbreaks of Cochlodinium polykrikoides have occurred in Dukyang bay, Gamak bay, Goheung, Yeosu, and Namhae, but Yeoja and Gwangyang bays did not occur. The distinguish characteristics of occurring sampling sites and non-occurring in Cochlodinium blooms based on this study was DIN that was enough to persistently grow and maintain them even a litter dissolved in water. This suggests that Cochlodinium red tide seems to be occur in off waters.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.19-31
• /
• 2011

This study has examined the water quality environment of six areas in the mid-southern coastal waters of Korea in order to find the significance between water quality and algal blooms of the area, based on the last 17 years of data offered by the National Fisheries Research and Development Institute. Water temperature in these areas fluctuated with a three to five year of period, and revealed little yearly variations at the surface layer while slowly decreasing at the bottom layer. On the other hand, salinity tended to increase both the surface and bottom layers. Algal blooms had a tendency to decrease in their outbreaks and causative species, with a peak of the middle of 1990s. C. polykrikoides prevailed in the entire areas, and in particular, almost annually appeared in Goheung coastal area since 1995. C. polykrikoides blooms occurred when a mean water temperature was approximately $26^{\circ}C$, and salinities were between 31.00 and 31.50 but exceptionally 28.68 in Yeosu Coast. However, the concentrations of DIN, DIP, TN, TP, including DO, turned out not to be such significant factors for the outbreaks of C. polykrikoides blooms. Therefore, water temperature was judged as the most controlling factor for the outbreak of C. polykrikoides blooms.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.17-32
• /
• 2022

The buffer capacity of southern Korean waters in summer was quantified using data set of temperature, salinity, dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity obtained from August 2020 cruise. The geographical distribution and variability of six buffer factors, which amended the existing Revelle factor, are discussed their relationship with the hydrological parameters of temperature and salinity. The calculated results of six buffer factors showed the spatial variations according to the distributions of various water masses. The buffer capacity was low in the East Sea Surface Mixed Water (ESMW) and South Sea Surface Mixed Water (SSMW) where upwelling occurred, and showed an intermediate value in the Yellow Sea Surface Water (YSSW). In addition, the buffer capacity increased in the order of high temperature Tsushima Warm Current (TWC) and Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW). This means that the Changjiang discharge water in summer strengthens the buffer capacity of the study area. The highest buffer capacity of CDW is due to its relatively higher temperature and biological productivity, and a summer stratification. Temperature showed a good positive correlation (R²=0.79) with buffer capacity in all water masses, whereas salinity exhibited a poor negative correlation (R²=0.30). High temperature strengthens buffer capacity through thermodynamic processes such as gas exchange and distribution of carbonate system species. In the case of salinity, the relationship with buffer capacity is reversed because salinity of the study area is not controlled by precipitation or evaporation but by a local freshwater input and mixing with upwelled water.

• Journal of Species Research
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.473-479
• /
• 2020

In this study, we briefly describe five newly recorded foraminiferal species from off the southern coast of Jeju Island: Ammolagena clavata, Neoeponides bradyi, Nodosaria lamnulifera, Rhabdammina abyssorum, and Uvigerina schwageri. Ammolagena clavata and Rhabdammina abyssorum are the first reports of the genera Ammolagena and Rhabdammina in Korea. In addition, R. abyssorum is reported from a depth of 103 m, which is a relatively shallow record within the distribution depth range for this agglutinated deep-sea species. Ammolagena clavata also shows interesting characteristics that the test usually attaches to substrates including shell fragments, sediment particles, or other foraminiferal tests. All other three species have typical calcareous and hyaline tests. The present report on unrecorded species improves the understanding of foraminiferal species diversity in Korean waters and confirms the need for the further research on foraminifera in the adjacent seas of Korea.