• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.926-932
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• 2004

This study deals with the statistical analyses on the relationship between the red tide formation and the meteorological factors in the Korean coastal waters. From 1995 to 2002, the red tide was observed every year and the number of occurrences increased as well. The red tide mostly occurred in July, August, September and October. from multiple linear regression, the meteorological factors governing the mechanisms of the increase in the number of red tide occurrences are found to be a water temperature, rainfall, sunshine duration and wind velocity. But water temperature as the limited factor controlling the growth of phytoplankton (Cochlodinium polykrikoids) in 15∼$30^{\circ}c$. NO ＝ 8.089 - 0.319WT + 0.019RF + 0.141SD + 0.l19WV (R ＝ 0.897) in August NO = 7.531 - 0.327WT + 0.027RF + 0.208SD + 0.208WV (R ＝ 0.894) in September Here, NO is the number of occurrence for red tide, WT is water temperature, RF is rainfall, SD is sunshine duration and WV is wind velocity, respectively. The necessary times till the day of red tide occurrence verse the day when water temperature reaches $15^{\circ}c$ are 78∼104 days, then it should be divided the coastal waters into 4 areas by the comparison among the accumulated sunshine duration, water temperature and rainfall as follows； the South West Coast (SW), South Middle Coast (SM), South East Coast(SE) and East South Coast (ES). The coastal areas that red tide occurs were complicated and various by change of marine environments. Usually red tide with a high concentrations (individual number, cells/ml) appeared in SM and SE. It was found that the general situations for the frequencies of red tide formation are mainly concentrated to 24.5∼$25^{\circ}c$ (high water temperature) and eve. 1000 cells/ml (high individual number) such as the category of red tide warning.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.411-427
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• 1996

A Lagrangian dispersion model has been developed to study the transport of atmospheric pollutants over the southern Korean peninsula on sunny summer days. A mesoscale atmospheric model has been employed to provide the wind fields and information for turbulent diffusion for the calculation of trajectories using a conditioned particle technique. The model has been applied to the simulation of the transport of atmospheric pollutants emitted from five sources in the coastal locations under various synoptic scale winds. Under calm synoptic scale condition, the particles emitted during daytime are mixed vertically and transported toward inland by sea-breeze, according to the model simulation. The particles are then transported upward at she sea-breeze front or by the upward motion over the mountain, and some particles show tendency of returning toward the coast by the return flow of the sea-breeze circulation. The particles are found to remain over the peninsula throughout the integration period under calm synoptic scale condition. When there is westerly synoptic scale winds the particles emitted in the west coast can reach the east coast within a day of faster depending on the speed. With a synoptic scale southerly wind of 5 m/s, most of the particles from the fine sources are advected toward inland during daytime. During nighttime, significant portion of particles released in the west coast remains over the land, while most particles released in the east coast move toward the sea to the east of the middle peninsula.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.29-46
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• 1979

The climate of a given region is determined by the combination of the various climatic elements. But among them, the temperature is the most important element to classify the climatic type. The author attempted to classify the climatic types in Korea by making a analysis of the characteristics of temperature distribution. To accomplish the study, the author analyzed the daily and yearly range of temperature, the warmest and coldest months, continentality and oceanicity, thermal anomaly, and relative temperature, etc. The data of 153 weather stations are used for the analysis of the above five criteria. As a result of the study, the climate of Korea can be divided into three types, namely, the continental, coastal and intermediate(or transitional) type. The Pronounced continental type is appeared in the northern part of highland area. And the coastal type is limited to the east and south coast areas, and the southern part of the west coast area. The continentality is larger, and the oceanicity smaller, than those of Siberia, Mongolia and the inland area of China where the continental climate is most remarkable in the world. The reason why the west coast area is more continental than the east coast area may be due to the terrain effect and the warm current going north along the east coastline.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.224-226
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• 2008

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1998.10b
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• pp.124.1-124
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• 1998

No Abstract, See Full Text

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.25-27
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• 2007

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.277-282
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• 2009

Saunders' gulls (Laurs saundersi) which are listed as globally vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List are distributed in East Asia and breed mainly in China and Korea. Their population is estimated to be between 7,100 to 9,600. Songdo reclaimed lands in the western coast of South Korea are the main breeding sites for these species. However, most of these breeding sites have been seriously disturbed in the last several years because of new urban development constructions. This study was conducted to provide baseline data on the breeding ecology of Saunders' gulls. Since 1998, the breeding population has rapidly increased in South Korea, with the number of nests rising from 85 nests in 2000 to 185 nests in 2005. Egg volume is more variable than breadth or length. Clutch size, hatching and breeding success were $2.9{\pm}0.81$ (n=182, mean$\pm$sd.), 48.07% (75 hatched egg/156 eggs) and 29.08% (155 fledglings/533 eggs), respectively. Factors affecting breeding failure were predation, rainfall, starvation and supernormal clutches. These results are provided along with other cited literature to argue for conservation of Saunders' gulls.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.40-48
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• 2007

We analyze relation between phytoplankton and marine environment based on data such as water temperature, phytoplankton, zooplankton, nutrient collected from the southern coast of Korea in the summer, 2004. The water temperature range of the study area was $20.5{\sim}31.5^{\circ}C$ and there was formed a water temperature frontal zone from $20.5^{\circ}C$ to $25.0^{\circ}C$ in Geojedo southern coast and Geomundo island. Especially, high density of nutrients were shown in the southern coast of Geojedo in which water temperature frontal zone was formed strongly, the concentration of chlorophyll-a which is appeared at the highest rate among the phytoplankton pigments was shown more than $0.4{\mu}g/L$ in the inside of frontal zone and zooplankton biomass was than $500mg/m^2$ in that area.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.129-140
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• 2016

Camera monitoring data for 5 years from January 2009 to January 2014 are analyzed to investigate changes in beach erosion on Sangju, Gujora and Haeundae beaches on the South sea and Jungmun beach on the south shore of Jeju Island. The data show the time series of beach area changes obtained from digital orthoimages rectified from oblique images taken near the beaches by cameras. Each beach has different sediment sizes and shapes, but faces the South and is eroded mainly during Typhoons. However, each beach often responds differently to the same Typhoon, and some beaches outside the influence of the Typhoon are also eroded. This study shows that high frequency data of beach area changes obtained from cameras can effectively analyze the seasonal changes in beach area.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.20 no.3 s.70
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• pp.45-53
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• 2006

Each year, the south coast of Korea is badly damaged from storm surge. The damages are greatly dependent upon the local peculiarities of the region where the storm surge occurs. So, in order to prevent/reduce recurrence of the disaster, it is very important to investigate the fluctuation characteristics of the storm surge height, related to the local peculiarities at each coastal area where occurrence of the disaster is expected. In this paper, using the numerical model, the storm surge was simulated to examine its fluctuation characteristics at the Gyeongnam coast (southeast coast of Korea). Typhoons of Sarah (5914), Thelma (8705) and Maemi (0314), which caused terrible damage to the coastal area in the southeast coast of Korea in the past, were used forstorm surge simulations. Moreover, the storm surge due to virtual typhoons, which were combined the characteristics of each proposed typhoons (Maemi, Sarah, Thelma)with the travel route of other typhoon, was predicted. As expected, the results revealed that the storm surge heights are enhanced at the coastal regions with the concavity like a long-shaped bay. Also, the storm surge heights, due to each typhoon, were compared and discussed at major points along the Gyeongnam coast, related to the local peculiarities, as well as the characteristics and the travel route of typhoon.