• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.607-613
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• 2022

Vulpia octoflora (Walter) Rydb., a newly identified invasive alien species, was found in Gangcheon-ri, Yeoju-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. It is native to North America and has been reported to be an invasive alien plant in Japan, Australia, and Ukraine. Vulpia octoflora is a weed that grows mainly in dry sandy or rocky soil and is frequently found along the roadside in open areas or in artificially disturbed sites. This species is similar to the recently confirmed alert alien species, V. bromoides (L.) Gray, but is readily distinguishable due to more florets per spikelet and a short awn of the lemma. A detailed species description, the geographical distribution, illustrations, photographs, and an identification key for all species of Vulpia that occur in Korea are provided.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to identify the main issues of international STEM education by synthesizing the findings in the field of global STEM education. The data in this study are the results of meta-analysis or systematic literature studies that reflect key issues of STEM education through the review of selection criteria and groups of experts. The following issues of STEM education were selected by conducting a qualitative meta-analysis of a total of 23 studies. First, STEM education is a global educational trend and has been studied in many countries such as the United States, Canada, Australia, Republic of Korea, and Turkey. Second, STEM education contributes positively to the improvement of students' cognitive, affective, psychomotor, and career domains. Third, STEM education has been studied with the use of various instructional tools and technologies. Furthermore, the growth of teachers' expertise in STEM education is one of the main factors for the implementation of successful STEM education. In addition, issues such as diversity, equity, and valid and reliable research design were discussed for the successful practice of STEM education. This study provides implications for the direction of convergence education and practical strategies in South Korea and gives suggestions for future research.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.109-118
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to derive implications for establishing vocational training education policies in Korea by investigating COVID-19 countermeasures in the United States, Germany, Switzerland, Australia, the United Kingdom, and Singapore, which are representative vocational education training countries. The implications derived from the survey of leading countries in vocational education training are as follows. First, in order to respond to COVID-19, face-to-face vocational education training was quickly converted to online education. Second, the system was strengthened to overcome the crisis of the apprenticeship system, especially the British and Australian governments established a special budget for the apprenticeship system. Third, due to COVID-19, blended learning has become a new standard education model, accelerating the digitalization of vocational education training. Finally, leading countries in vocational education training are promoting the development of the edutech industry to support online education. This provides important implications for the direction of change in vocational education training in South Korea.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.105-134
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to explore which performance verbs are used in the achievement standards of the Korean mathematics curriculum and how to improve them. So, first, we analyzed whether there were differences in the performance verbs included in the 2015 revised mathematics curriculum achievement standards by school level. In addition, it was analyzed whether there were differences in the performance verbs included in the mathematics curriculum in Korea and foreign countries. As a result of the analysis, both the frequency and the type of performance verbs included in the achievement standards of the Korean mathematics curriculum decreased as the school level increased. Also, performative verbs such as 'understand' and 'know' were excessively used. Similar tendencies were seen in foreign mathematics curricula, but the frequency and the type of performance verbs were higher than those in Korea, and various performance verbs were used. As a result of the study, it is suggested that performance verbs included in achievement standards need to be improved to improve middle and high school mathematics classes.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.85-105
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to provide guidelines and recommendations on the process of planning and designing library space and it also reflects on developments which should be considered when planning new library space. The methodology of estimating library space needs of IFLA, a guide for public library building in New South Wales of Australia, and the recommendations for academic libraries in French were analysed. The results given throughout theses guidelines and recommendations are able to develop the guide for public library space in Korea. The guide suggested defines six broad types of library space; collection area, readers and library users, library staff, conference, meeting and cultural space, mechanical and support services, additional services areas. It is import to remember however that each library building and the service it provides is unique and should reflect the needs and aspiration of its community.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.137-145
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• 2020

Providing safety training to construction workers is essential to reduce safety accidents at the construction site. With the prosperity of visualization technologies, Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) has been adopted for construction safety training by providing interactive learning experiences in a virtual environment. Previous research efforts on IVR-based training have found that the level of fidelity of interaction between real and virtual worlds is one of the important factors contributing to the sense of presence that would affect training performance. Various interactive devices that link activities between real and virtual worlds have been applied in IVR-based training, ranging from existing computer input devices (e.g., keyboard, mouse, joystick, etc.) to specially designed devices such as high-end VR simulators. However, the need for high-fidelity interactive devices may hinder the applicability of IVR-based training as they would be more expensive than IVR headsets. In this regard, this study aims to understand the impact of the level of fidelity of interactive devices in the sense of presence in a virtual environment and the training performance during IVR-based forklift safety training. We conducted a comparative study by recruiting sixty participants, splitting them into two groups, and then providing different interactive devices such as a keyboard for a low fidelity group and a steering wheel and pedals for a high-fidelity group. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the sense of presence and task performance. These results indicate that the use of low-fidelity interactive devices would be acceptable for IVR-based safety training as safety training focuses on delivering safety knowledge, and thus would be different from skill transferring training that may need more realistic interaction between real and virtual worlds.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.1-21
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• 2024

This study aims to analyze the current status and challenges of the records disposal freeze system and explore strategies for its effective utilization during disasters. The research methodology encompassed an analysis of existing literature alongside theoretical investigations into the concept of disaster records, the significance of the records disposal freeze system, and its necessity in managing disaster-related documentation. A comparative case study approach was employed, examining disposal freeze orders and official documents from the United States, Australia, and South Korea. Interviews were conducted to gather insight from practitioners and experts in the field, focusing on the necessity, challenges, and potential improvements of the records disposal freeze system. The interviews corroborated the essential role of the records disposal freeze system in managing disaster records while highlighting various issues within the current framework and suggesting areas for enhancement. In conclusion, based on the comprehensive analysis of theoretical foundations, international practices, and expert opinions, this study proposed five improvement measures.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.47
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• pp.7-36
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• 2016

The security providers industry, often referred to as an industry with unconfined growth ceiling, has entered a remarkable mass-growth phase since the 1980. In the modern era, private-sector security increasingly cover functions relating to general security awareness (including counter-terrorism) in partnership with State bodies, and the scale of operations continue to accelerate, relative to the expanding roles. In the era of pluralisation of policing, there has been widening efforts pursued to develop a range of regulatory strategies internationally in order to manage such growth and development. To date, in South Korea, a diverse set of industry review studies have been conducted. However, the analyses have been conventionally confined to North America, Britain, Germany and Japan, while developments in other world regions remain unassessed. This article is intended to inform the drivers and determinants of regulatory reforms in Australia, and examine the effectiveness of the main pillars of licensing innovations. Over the past decades, the Australian regime has undergone a wave of reforms in response to emerging issues, and in recognition of the industry as a 'public good' due to underpopulation density and the resulting security challenges. The focus of review in this study was on providing a detailed review of the regulatory approach taken by Australia that has expanded police-private security co-operation since the 1980s. The emphasis was on examining the core pillars of risk management strategies and oversight practices progressed to date and evaluating areas of possible improvement in regulation relative to South Korea. Overall, this study has identified three key features of Australian regime: (1) close checks on questionable close associates (including fingerprinting), (2) power of inspection and seizure without search warrant, (3) the 'three strikes' scheme. The rise of the private security presence in day-to-day policing operations means that industry warrant some intervening government-sponsored initiative. The overall lessons learnt from the Australian case was taken into account in determining the following checks and balances that would provide the ideal setting for the best-practice arrangement: (1) regulatory measure should be evaluated against a set of well-defined indicators, such as the merits of different enforcement tools for each given risk, (2) information about regulatory impacts should be analysed by a specialist research institute, (3) regulators should be innovative in applying a range of strategies available to them by employing a mixture of compliance promotional strategies, and adjust the mix as required.

• Strategy21
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• s.30
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• pp.143-176
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• 2012

We are witnessing the growing maritime tension on the East Asian sea these days. Each naval powers in the region are competing each other to acquire more advanced naval capabilities. Based upon the rapid economic development, China is actively beefing up its naval capabilities and expand its boundary of naval activities all over the East Asian region. Chinese Navy already unveiled its expansive naval strategy replacing the traditional concept of 'Near-Sea Defense' with the new concept of 'Far-Sea Defense' strategy. In response to potential rival's naval build up, the U.S. is redeploying its naval forces focusing on the Asia-Pacific region. The U.S. enhances its joint naval exercises with the countries in the region, such as Japan, India, Australia and so on. In addition, Washington is devising new naval strategy under the concept of 'Air-Sea Battle' to deter Peking's so-called 'Anti-Access/ Area Denial(A2AD)' strategy. As a close ally of the U.S., Japan also disclosed its clear intention to strengthen the Maritime Self Defense Force(MSDF)'s capabilities by introducing the new concept of 'Dynamic Defense Force' in 2011. Under the new concept, JMSDF is pursuing the additional acquisition of submarines, quasi-aircraft carriers, Aegis-equipped destroyers, etc. Under the new president's strong leadership, Russia is also invigorating the naval build-up. Especially, Russia is fortifying the Pacific Fleet's naval assets by deploying new-type of naval ships such as the Mistral which was imported from France. In the midst of competitive naval build-up among the major naval powers in the region, we are observing the growing maritime conflicts on the East China Sea as well as South China Sea. Those naval conflicts can pose severe threats to our national interests. Maritime conflicts on the East or South China Sea can imperil our sea lanes which will be indispensible for national economic development. Neighboring countries' maritime conflicts also will cast an uncertainty on the path to mobilize international cooperation to resolve the North Korean issues. We should contribute to ease the maritime tension in the region by various ways. First, we should actively galvanize the bilateral maritime dialogue among the major naval powers in the region. Second, we also should take the lead to form a multilateral maritime cooperation mechanism in the region. Above all, we should set the aim to be a peaceful maritime power who can contribute to a building of stable maritime order in the region with a considerable naval power.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.285-291
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• 2020

The Noah 3.3 Land Surface Model (LSM) was used to estimate the global soil moisture in this study and these soil moisture datasets were assessed against satellite-based and reanalysis soil moisture products. The Noah 3.3 LSM simulated soil moistures in four soil layers and root-zone soil moistures defined as a depth-weighted average in the first three soil layers (i.e., up to 1.0 m deep). The Noah LSM soil moisture products were then compared with a satellite-based soil moisture dataset (European Space Agency Climate Change Initiatives (ESA CCI) SM v04.4) and reanalysis soil moisture datasets (ERA-interim). In addition, the five major basins (Yangtze, Mekong, Mississippi, Murray-Darling, Amazon) were selected for the assesment with the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE)-based Total Water Storage Anomaly (TWSA) and TWS Change (TWSC). The results revealed that high anomaly correlations were found in most of the Asia-Pacific regions including East Asia, South Asia, Australia, and Noth and South America. While the anomaly correlations in the Murray-Darling basin were somewhat low, relatively higher anomaly correlations in the other basins were found. It is concluded that this study can be useful for the development of soil moisture based drought indices and subsequently can be helpful to reduce damages from drought by timely providing an efficacious strategy.