• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.1050-1055
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• 2007

P.A.(public address) system is considered as an useful active soundscape appliance which can gives a place identity and vitality by introducing conventional musics, environmental musics, bird singing sounds etc. In this study, the main aim is to know the optimistic distance from the speaker and sound pressure level range of introducing sound. So, the sound pressure level of P.A. system due to distances were measured and subjects' responses with level variations were checked. The main results are as follows. Level range from 64 dB to 71 dB is comfortable for subjects. And the optimal level of introducing sound is related with sound source characteristics. The results of this study could be used for street furniture location design and P.A. system output level.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.726-729
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• 2006

As a active soundscape facility, P.A. system is a useful instrument to give place identity and vitality by letting out music, environmental music, bird singing sound etc. In this study, to know the optimistic distance and sound level range of introducing sound, sound levels due to distance were measured and subject responses were checked by questionnaire. Levels from 64dB to 71dB are recommended by subjects. And the optimistic level of introducing level is related with level variance of sound source. The results of this study could used for street furniture location design and P.A. system output level.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.642-649
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• 2011

Among the various aspects of offline handwritten character patterns, it is the great variety of writing styles and variations that renders the task of computer recognition very hard. The immense variety of character shape has been recognized but rarely studied during the past decades of numerous research efforts. This paper tries to address the problem of measuring image distortions and handwritten character patterns with respect to reference patterns. This work is based on mass-spring mesh model with the introduction of simulated electric charge as a source of the external force that can aid decoding the shape distortion. Given an input image and a reference image, the charge is defined, and then the relaxation procedure goes to find the optimum configuration of shape or patterns of least potential. The relaxation process is based on the fourth order Runge-Kutta algorithm, well-known for numerical integration. The proposed method of modeling is rigorous mathematically and leads to interesting results. Additional feature of the method is the global affine transformation that helps analyzing distortion and finding a good match by removing a large scale linear disparity between two images.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.61.3-61
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• 2001

Field screening for pollutants has been a target of instrumental development for number of years. An electronic nose can be of substantial benefit to rapidly localize the spatial extent of a pollution or to find pollutant source. Although an electronic nose cannot separate complex composition into the whole spectrum of present volatile organic compound(VOC) in pollutants such as Gas chromatography(GC), qualitative and semi-quantitative chemical characterizations are rapidly available on site at a low cost using the optimum sensory system and pattern recognition algorithm based on neural network.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.26-34
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• 2024

Most human emotions are conveyed through facial expressions, which represent the predominant source of emotional data. This research investigates the impact of crowds on human emotions by analysing facial expressions. It examines how crowd behaviour, face recognition technology, and deep learning algorithms contribute to understanding the emotional change according to different level of crowd. The study identifies common emotions expressed during congestion, differences between crowded and less crowded areas, changes in facial expressions over time. The findings can inform urban planning and crowd event management by providing insights for developing coping mechanisms for affected individuals. However, limitations and challenges in using reliable facial expression analysis are also discussed, including age and context-related differences.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.19-37
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• 2021

It is essential that the evaluation of official development assistance (ODA) projects is conducted based on empirical research for the performance and improvement of the project. This study intended to quantitatively figure out the actual status and performance of ODA projects. The performance of the Rumpin Seed Source and Nursery Center project implemented by the KOICA was evaluated in items of relevance, efficiency, effectiveness, impact, sustainability, which are OECD Development Assistance Committee(DAC) evaluation criteria. From August 26, 2019 to August 29, 2019, a survey was conducted on 50 visitors and 54 stakeholders of the Rumpin Seed Source and Nursery Center. Through on-site survey, problems in the donation project and operation in Indonesia were identified and measures for improvement was grasped. As a result of the study, the value scored by OECD DAC evaluation criteria of the Rumpin Seed Source and Nursery Center project based on the Economic Development Cooperation Fund(EDCF) evaluation grade was evaluated as a very successful class in all items. The average score of the recognition question was 4.08 points for visitors and 4.08 points for stakeholders, and the average score for the satisfaction question was 4.37 points for visitors and 4.11 points for stakeholders, which were high overall in both groups. The main factor that affects the project awareness of the visitors was the fact that the Rumpin Seed Source and Nursery Center was created based on Korean technology, and it was confirmed that Indonesia's own items related to similar projects had a great influence on the project satisfaction. In the case of stakeholders, project support in Korea affected their recognition, and it was found that relevance, efficiency, effectiveness items had the greatest impact on the level of project satisfaction of stakeholders derived from the DAC individual evaluation results. Efforts are required to increase the main factors by reflecting the results of each item and to preserve and maintain the project. This study is significant in determining the performance of the ODA project based on empirical data, and it is believed that it can be used as basic data for supplementing and strengthening the project in the future.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.71-79
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• 2016

This study is intended to compare the performances of sound source localization methods used for stable automobile control by improving voice recognition rate in automobile environment and suggest how to improve their performances. Generally, sound source location estimation methods employ the TDOA algorithm, and there are two ways for it; one is to use a cross correlation function in the time domain, and the other is GCC-PHAT calculated in the frequency domain. Among these ways, GCC-PHAT is known to have stronger characteristics against echo and noise than the cross correlation function. This study compared the performances of the two methods above in automobile environment full of echo and vibration noise and suggested the use of a median filter additionally. We found that median filter helps both estimation methods have good performances and variance values to be decreased. According to the experimental results, there is almost no difference in the two methods' performances in the experiment using voice; however, using the signal of a song, GCC-PHAT is 10% more excellent than the cross correlation function in terms of the recognition rate. Also, when the median filter was added, the cross correlation function's recognition rate could be improved up to 11%. And in regarding to variance values, both methods showed stable performances.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.185-189
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• 2004

For face recognition system, a face detector which can find exact face region from complex image is needed. Many face detection algorithms have been developed under the assumption that background of the source image is quite simple . this means that face region occupy more than a quarter of the area of the source image or the background is one-colored. Color-based face detection is fast but can't be applicable to the images of which the background color is similar to face color. And the algorithm using neural network needs so many non-face data for training and doesn't guarantee general performance. In this paper, A multi-scale, multi-face detection algorithm using PCA is suggested. This algorithm can find most multi-scaled faces contained in static images with small number of training data in reasonable time.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2015

The purpose of this research is to study methods for performing transition that have visual representation of corresponding animations with no bounce in subsequently recognized user information when attempting to interact with a virtual 3D character in real-time using user motion. If the transitions of the animation are needed owing to a variety of external environments, continuous recognition of user information is required to correspond to the motion. The proposed method includes linear interpolation of the transition using cross-fades and blending techniques. The normalized playing time of the source animation was utilized for automatically calculating the transition interpolation length of the target animation and also as the criteria in selecting the crossfades and blending techniques. In particular, in the case of blending, the weighting value based on the degree of similarity between two animations is used as a blending parameter. Accordingly, transitions for visually excellent animation are performed on interactive holographic projection systems.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.96-104
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• 1999

A questionary survey was conducted to investigate citizen's attitude to the treatment of food wastes in Miryang city. In this study, collection effectives was 87.8%, as 281 individuals among 320 individuals. After volume-base charge system, 86.8% of answers perform source separation and 60.9% of respondents separate everything of recycle goods. The majority of respondents discharge food waste using standard envelope. The biggest problems for deposition of the food wastes are offensive odor and worm for reasons of sanitation. Almost citizens think that the period of deposition suit from two days to three days. More than 90.0% of the citizens recognized that compost products made from food wastes and recognition of the people for the composting and composting facilities was affirmative. Majority of the respondents thought that the administration and the provincial government need activity publicity for the source separation fixations of the food wastes.