• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.841-854
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate the teaching methods of prediction, inference, and hypothesis. The major data source was gathered by in-depth interview of science teachers (about 50-80 minutes for each interview). The interviews were conducted using semi-structured interview protocol, which consisted of three major parts: (1) Teacher's definition of prediction, inferences, hypothesis, (2) Teaching methods of prediction, inferences, and hypothesis and (3)Reasons of teacher's inaccurate perceptions of prediction, inference, and hypothesis. All the interviews were audio-taped and transcribed. Topics in the questions were categorized. The results were as follows: Teachers recognized the importance of prediction, inferences, and hypothesis. But they didn't have an accurate conception and they have great difficulty in classifying and explaining the prediction, inferences, and hypothesis. To find out the teaching methods, researcher investigated the inquiry activities, teaching times, usage of terms, teachers' questions, and teaching difficulties. Reasons for having difficulty were lack of teaching competency, difficulties from the students, and problems in the present curriculum. Finally, we discovered that the reasons for teacher's inaccurate perceptions of prediction, inference, and hypothesis were two factors. One is internal factors, which include the lack of scientific inquiry process skills, burdens of science subject and lack of science education knowledge. The other is external factors, which include education system for evaluations and lack of teacher education. In conclusion, this study suggested establishing more elementary teacher education programs that include strengthened concepts of inquiry process skills and teaching methods.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.17-30
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• 2002

Incident duration prediction is one of the most important steps of the overall incident management process. An accurate and reliable estimate of the incident duration can be the main difference between an effective incident management operation and an unacceptable one since, without the knowledge of such time durations, traffic impact can not be estimated or calculated. This research presents several multiple linear regression models for incident duration prediction using data consisting of 384 incident cases. The main source of various incident cases was the Traffic Incident Reports filled out by the Motorist Assistant Units of the Korea Highway Corporation. The models were proposed separately according to the time of day(daytime vs. nighttime) and the fatality/injury incurred (fatality/injury vs. property damage only). Two models using an integrated dataset, one with an intercept and the other without it, were also calibrated and proposed for the generality of model application. Some findings are as follows ; ?Variables such as vehicle turnover, load spills, the number of heavy vehicles involved and the number of blocked lanes were found to significantly affect incident duration times. ?Models, however, tend to overestimate the duration times when a dummy variable, load spill, is used. It was simply because several of load spill incidents had excessively long clearance times. The precision was improved when load spills were further categorized into "small spills" and "large spills" based on the size of vehicles involved. ?Variables such as the number of vehicles involved and the number of blocked lanes found not significant when a regression model was calibrated with an intercept. whereas excluding the intercept from the model structure signifies those variables in a statistical sense.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.1-15
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• 1999

This study was carried out to find out the way to build a comprehensive wetland ecosystem database using the technique of remote sensing and geographic information system. A Landsat TM image taken in May 17, 1997 was used for the primary source for the image analysis. Field surveys were conducted March to September of 1998 to help image analysis and examine the results. An actual wetland vegetation map was created based on the field survey. A Landsat TM image was analyzed by unsupervised and supervised classification methods and finally categorized into such 5 classes as Phragmites australis community, mixed community, sand beach, Scirpus trigueter community and non-vegetation intertidal area. Wetland basemap was developed for the overall accuracy assesment in wetland mapping. Vegetation index map of wetland vegetation was developed using NDVI(normalized difference vegetation index). The map of wetland productivity was developed based on the productivity of Phragmites australis and the relationship to the proximity of adjacent water bodies. The map of potential vegetation succession map was also developed based on the experience and knowledge of the field biologists. Considering these results, it is possible to use the remote sensing and GIS techniques for producing wetland ecosystem database. This study indicated that these techniques are very effective for the development of the national wetland inventory in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.550-557
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• 2014

Objectives: This study was conducted to examine the preferences and needs of typical Korean females adults for food and nutrition information provided by the mass media. Methods: A total of 343 females (77 in their 20s, 85 in their 30s, 88 in their 40s and 93 in their 50s) residing in the Seoul/Gyeonggido area was surveyed on general characteristics, main sources of food and nutrition information and needs for sources and contents of nutrition information. Results: The survey showed that typical Korean females obtained knowledge of food and nutrition mainly through the Internet (30.4%) and broadcasting (29.0%). Typical Korean females were interested in 'dietary management for weight control' (21.9%), 'the prevention and treatment of disease' (20.0%), 'food safety' (16.8%), 'proper dietary habits' (14.6%), 'cookery' (11.8%), 'functional foods' (9.6%), 'restaurant details' (3.5%) and 'life-cycle-specific dietary guideline' (1.6%). Needs for food and nutrition program forms on TV were 'educational programs' (34.3%), 'documentaries' (20.8), 'expert lecture-style' (13.0%), 'entertainment programs' (11.9%), 'expert conversation' (11.4%), 'news-style' (4.6%) and 'public campaign advertisements' (4.0%). On the Internet, 38.6% of the respondents preferred to get information provided by food and nutrition-related institutions (38.6%) while 26.1% preferred webtoons for nutritional information. The favored forms in mobile applications were 'monitoring their diets' (29.5%), 'data-based texts information' (21.4%), 'experts feedback' (20.6%), 'communities' (15.1%) and 'games' (13.1%). The rates of the preference to obtain information from experts such as nutritionists and dietitians and doctorsor dietitian turned reporters increased markedly with older ages. Conclusions: Since the mass media is a main source of food and nutrition information for the general public, the effectiveness and accuracy of the information provided should be enhanced by taking the needs of the public into account. The quality of information should be improved by involving more nutrition experts.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.687-695
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• 2011

The defect caused by the software industry that is the source of knowledge-centric, information-centric and technology-centric affects an engine which operate a major role for operation of aircraft. Therefore, we should minimize the danger from the defect by strengthening the stability of aviation through the stability analysis of software. In this paper, we examine the laws and systems about the aircraft defects and software safety and propose the enhancement and the enactment of the law or measures to strengthen aviation safety. We should the existing law or system as items, such as the revision related to the safety analysis, standards of quality assurance including safety, application of quality assurance that you must attach the safety analysis report, assessment of detailed instructions of certification authorities. In addition, we should enact the new law and system as items such as the mandatory software evaluation and certification, continuous assessment based on the software life cycle, mandatory introduction of a standardized development methodology, strengthening of advanced workforce system. We can expect the improvement of software quality and an enhanced aviation safety by improving existing laws or systems and enacting new laws or systems.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.74
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• pp.136-176
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• 2015

Despite the great significance we attach on culture, only a handful of researches focus on the characteristics and practices of cultural journalism. This study has aimed to unravel the changes in the trajectory of cultural journalism of Korean major newspapers, through content analysis and qualitative interpretation of the cultural contents they report. The results show that the number of cultual items have decreased compared to that of 10 years ago, although the entire number of pages has meanwhile increased. News items focused on 'products(advertisement)' and 'life(style)' have increased, whereas those on 'knowledge refined' and 'leisure entertainment' have decreased. 'Critique review commentary', 'academics' and 'performance exhibition art music' items turn out to have decreased significantly; soft contents such as mass culture, tourism, fashion and beauty, on the other hand, have increased considerably. Moreover, the demographic characteristics of news contributors remain almost the same, except that the proportion of ordinary readers/audience has slightly increased. Similarly, although there were no difference regarding the sources of direct quotation, the frequency of quotes from ordinary readers has increased. Consequently, these results imply how the cultural journalism of Korean newspapers are limited in encompassing diverse types of content, differentiating constitution, and presenting critical viewpoints.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.13D no.6 s.109
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• pp.823-832
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• 2006

The Purpose of Similarity(Reproduction) Degree Appraisal is to determine the equality or similarity between two programs and it is a system that presents the technical grounds of judgment which is necessary to support the resolution of software intellectual property rights through expert eyes. The most important things in proceeding software appraisal are not to make too much of expert's own subjective judgment and to acquire the accurate-appraisal results. However, up to now standard research and development for its systematic techniques are not properly made out and as different expert as each one could approach in a thousand different ways, even the techniques for software appraisal types have not exactly been presented yet. Moreover, in the analyzing results of all the appraisal cases finished before, through a practical way, we blow that there are some damages on objectivity and accuracy in some parts of the appraisal results owing to the problems of existing appraisal procedures and techniques or lack of expert's professional knowledge. In this paper we present the model for the standardization of software-similarity-appraisal techniques and objective-evaluation methods for decreasing a tolerance that could make different results according to each expert in the same-evaluation points. Especially, it analyzes and evaluates the techniques from various points of view concerning the standard appraisal process, setting a range of appraisal, setting appraisal domains and items in detail, based on unit processes, setting the weight of each object to be appraised, and the degree of logical and physical similarity, based on effective solutions to practical problems of existing appraisal techniques and their objective and quantitative standardization. Consequently, we believe that the model for the standardization of software-similarity-appraisal techniques will minimizes the possibility of mistakes due to an expert's subjective judgment as well as it will offer a tool for improving objectivity and reliability of the appraisal results.

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.15-31
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• 1991

A total of 90 surface sediment samples, collected from the continental margin area bordering east and southeast coast of Korea, were subject to the geochemical analyses with the aim of filling the gap in our knowledge of this environment. The analyzed items included the major elements (Al, Fe, Mg, Ca, K, Na, p and Mn), organic carbon, and some trace metals (Ba, Co, Cu, Sr and Zn). The sediment grain-size exerted a predominant influence on the contents of most elements, with the exceptions of Ca, K, Sr and Ba. The Ca and Sr contents, being closely interrelated each other, were mainly controlled by the calcium carbonate content. The K content, on the other hand, appeared to be influenced by both illite and feldspar. The Ba content showed a certain relationship with that of K, suggesting a common source of these two elements; potassium feldspar. The R-mode factor analysis result also reaffirmed the above-mentioned controlling factors on the sediment geochemistry. The grain-size dependency of trace metals obscures their areal distribution pattern from the total contents. However, with the metal/aluminum ratios we could differentiate the subtle difference in the metal enrichment. Hence, sediments of the southern coastal area appear to receive some anthropogenic inputs of metals, though the effect is still negligible.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.77-91
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• 2019

As of 2019, a report by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism showed that 884 diverse regional festivals are being held in the country. While there are successful festivals with large audience numbers and local economic effects, there are many festivals that only waste local budgets. Against this backdrop, the question of this study is "What are the key competences of a successful dance festival utilizing the VRIO model?" The development process and success factors of the success dance festival at home and abroad were analyzed in order to explore the key competences and specialization measures of the festival that our dance festival can take off as a successful dance festival. The purpose of the study is to examine what is the source of competitiveness of the regional festival through VRIO model, which can identify the key competencies of the festival to grow into a successful dance festival, and to derive the key competencies of the festival through the interview of the expert group(Focus Group Interview) to apply the development measures of our country's dance festival. According to the analysis, festival experts view the success factors of local festivals from various perspectives based on their empirical knowledge. The key competencies priority was 1. Theme, 2. the festival organization and professional personnel management, 3. The results came in the order of residents' participation. And the successful domestic and foreign dance festivals had their own core competencies. Growing up as a successful festival through festival management, which is worth no other festival, difficult to emulate, rare and difficult to replace, is seen as the biggest key to leading the regional festival to the world festival.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 1997

Continual monitoring of abnormal operating conditions i a key issue in maintaining high product quality and safe operation, since the undetected process abnormality may lead to the undesirable operations, finally producing low quality products, or breakdown of equipment. The statistical projection method recently highlighted has the advantage of easily building reference model with the historical measurement data in the statistically in-control state and not requiring any detailed mathematical model or knowledge-base of process. As the complexity of process increases, however, we have more measurement variables and recycle streams. This situation may not only result in the frequent occurrence of process Perturbation, but make it difficult to pinpoint trouble-making causes or at most assignable source unit due to the confusing candidates. Consequently, an ad hoc skill to monitor and diagnose in plat-wide scale is needed. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical plant-wide monitoring methodology based on hierarchical decomposition and principal component analysis for handling the complexity and interactions among process units. This have the effect of preventing special events in a specific sub-block from propagating to other sub-blocks or at least delaying the transfer of undesired state, and so make it possible to quickly detect and diagnose the process malfunctions. To prove the performance of the proposed methodology, we simulate the Tennessee Eastman benchmark process which is operated continuously with 41 measurement variables of five major units. Simulation results have shown that the proposed methodology offers a fast and reliable monitoring and diagnosis for a large scale chemical plant.