• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• v.28
• /
• pp.9.1-9.5
• /
• 2013

Objectives Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a powerful tool for assessing exposure in epidemiologic studies. We used GIS to determine the geographic extent of contamination by perfluorooctanoic acid, C8 (PFOA) that was released into the environment from the DuPont Washington Works Facility located in Parkersburg, West Virginia. Methods Paper maps of pipe distribution networks were provided by six local public water districts participating in the community cross-sectional survey, the C8 Health Project. Residential histories were also collected in the survey and geocoded. We integrated the pipe networks and geocoded addresses to determine which addresses were serviced by one of the participating water districts. The GIS-based water district assignment was then compared to the participants' self-reported source of public drinking water. Results There were a total of 151,871 addresses provided by the 48,800 participants of the C8 Health Project that consented to geocoding. We were able to successfully geocode 139,067 (91.6%) addresses, and of these, 118,209 (85.0%) self-reported water sources were confirmed using the GIS-based method of water district assignment. Furthermore, the GIS-based method corrected 20,858 (15.0%) self-reported public drinking water sources. Over half (54%) the participants in the lowest GIS-based exposure group self-reported being in a higher exposed water district. Conclusions Not only were we able to correct erroneous self-reported water sources, we were also able to assign water districts to participants with unknown sources. Without the GIS-based method, the reliance on only self-reported data would have resulted in exposure misclassification.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.701-718
• /
• 2006

In cancer microarray experiments, the experimenter or patient which is nested in each experimenter often shows quite heterogeneous error variability, which should be estimated for identifying a source of variation. Our study describes a Bayesian method which utilizes clinical information for identifying a set of DE genes for the class of subtypes as well as assesses and examines the experimenter effect and patient effect which is nested in each experimenter as a source of variation. We propose a Bayesian multilevel mixed effect model based on analysis of covariance (ANACOVA). The Bayesian multilevel mixed effect model is a combination of the multilevel mixed effect model and the Bayesian hierarchical model, which provides a flexible way of defining a suitable correlation structure among genes.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.152-161
• /
• 2013

Korea has a single National Health Insurance program and all citizens are covered under this program, accounting 97% of the population, approximately 50 million people. Claims submitted by Health care providers are reviewed by Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) for the reimbursement. HIRA database contains not only individual beneficiary's information, but also healthcare service information such as diagnosis, procedures, prescriptions and tests for them. HRA database has gained attention as importance source for research due to its rich healthcare information and the demand of HIRA database has increased. Due to its tremendous size, however, researchers have had problems in accessing the database to conduct research. To meet this demand, we conducted a study to develop the inpatient sample data from HIRA database for research. This study has two purposes: 1) to determine a needed sample size; 2) to test reliability and validity of the sample data. We determined an adequate sample size to ensure representativeness and generality with additional consideration for convenience of calculation. The minimum sample size was 729,904 for the generality, and 488,861 for representativeness. After considering the convenience of calculation, our final sample size was 13% of the population, which was about 7.7 million beneficiaries. Age (5 years interval) and gender were used as stratification variables for sampling. In order to examine whether this sample data appropriately reflect population, we tested the reliability and validity of the sample data. From the sample data, we computed average expenditure of total claims per inpatient for 2011, frequency of top 30 disease, estimation of the number of stroke patients from the sample data, and then compared them to those from the population. Results confirmed reliability and validity of the sample data.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.768-775
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze consumption patterns of health functional foods (HFF) according to climacteric symptoms. Subjects were 450 middle-aged women divided into four groups by Kupperman's index. This study collected all information by self-administrated questionnaires. Higher Kupperman's index was associated with higher Menopause-specific quality of life questionnaire (MENQOL) (P<0.001) and current smoker ratio (P<0.01) as well as lower monthly income (P<0.05). Exactly 28.4% of subjects showed negative responses to effectiveness of HFF. The average number of HFF intake per person was 2.01. The main reason for consumption of HFF was treatment or prevention of disease (33.6%). The information source for buying HFF was family or relatives (40.0%). The main types of HFF were vitamins (28.2%), omega-3 fatty acid (18.6%) and red ginseng (17.3%). The intake ratio of individual approval type (Cynanchum extract and Angeli extract) was significantly higher in subjects with high Kupperman's index (P<0.001). In conclusion, these results can be used as basic data that reflect middle-aged women's needs for HFF intake according to climacteric symptoms.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.101-110
• /
• 2011

The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the consumption behavior and perceptions of environment-friendly agricultural products(EAPs) by university students in the Chonbuk area, Korea. Self-administered questionnaires were collected from 309 university students(male 33.0%, female 67.0%). Descriptive and comparative statistical analyses was completed using SPSS v. 12.0. The percentage of subjects who purchased EAPs was 70.9%. Of those, 87.2% had EAPs purchased by their mothers. The most purchased EAPs were vegetables, the primary reason for which was the perception of 'good for health'(73.1%). The main information source about EAPs was 'familes/freinds'. The average scores of 'attitude toward EAPs', 'knowledge toward EAPs', 'concern toward EAPs' were $3.76{\pm}0.57$, $2.91{\pm}0.61$ and $3.29{\pm}0.43$, respectively. With regards to 'attitude toward EAPs', the scores were significantly affected by 'self-reported health status'(p<0.05). With regard to 'knowledge toward EAPs' and 'concern toward EAPs', the scores were significantly affected by 'supplements for health' (p<0.05; p<0.001). For university students' right choices of EAPs, information and consumer education wthin the university curriculum on these products are necessary.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
• /
• 2015.07a
• /
• pp.39-40
• /
• 2015

본 논문에서는 대용량의 영상을 빠르고 정확하게 편집해야 하는 방송 환경에서 오픈 소스를 활용한 방송용 영상 편집 시스템과 편집 결과를 신속히 통보하는 다기능 알람 시스템에 대하여 다루었다. 디지털 방송에서 사용하는 영상은 매우 고품질이면서 동시에 매우 큰 데이터 용량을 가지고 있으며, 또 방송이라는 매체의 성격상 방송 시간에 맞춰 영상 편집을 완료해야 하는 시간적 부담이 있다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방송 편집 시스템은 갈수록 그 기능이 다양하고 좋은 성능을 보여주는 오픈 소스 영상 처리 소프트웨어를 활용하는 동시에, 분산 처리 시스템을 도입하여 영상의 빠른 편집 기능을 저렴한 도입 비용으로 가능하도록 하였다. 오픈 소스 영상 처리 소프트웨어는 백엔드 모듈로 동작하며, 영상의 다양한 편집 기능들, 예를 들어 영상의 구간 자르기, 붙이기, 자막넣기, 로고 넣기, 비디오/오디오 포맷 변환 등을 수행한다. 사용자 편의성을 위한 프론트엔드 시스템은 자바 기반의 프레임워크를 사용하였으며, 비디오 편집 기능 결과 및 과정에 대한 다기능 알람 기능을 첨가하여 방송 종사자들의 업무 편리를 도모하였다. 본 시스템은 기존의 고가 방송 편집 장비와 비교하여 매우 저렴하면서도 안정된 성능을 보장하여 디지털 방송 시대에 활용 가능성이 매우 높다고 할 수 있다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.200-210
• /
• 2003

In order to investigate supplement use in middle-aged and elderly outpatients suffering from age-related diseases over the last year, a cross-sectional survey was conducted from July to December 2001. The subjects were 1702 (male 731, female 971) age-related disease outpatients over age 50. Data was collected using a standardized questionnaire and in-person interviews. The prevalence of supplement use and the different categories of supplements taken by the subjects were examined using SPSS statistical package. Supplements were used by 48.9% of the subjects. The mean number of kinds of dietary supplements taken by subjects was 1.7. Chinese medicine was the most commonly used supplements in both the male and female subjects. Among the reasons for using supplements, health promotion ranked as the most common. Most of the supplement users, however, did not know or only knew roughly about the health claims of their supplements. Subjects reported the information source on supplements as family, friends or relatives followed by doctors or pharmacists. These results may provide basic information for proper supplement use among Korean middle-aged and elderly outpatients with age-related diseases.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.1253-1259
• /
• 2011

This study is to inquire into the sexual consciousness and values of students majoring in public health-related subjects, as well as into whether there are differences between male students and female students. This study was conducted on randomly-selected students majoring in public health-related subjects at junior colleges in South Chungcheong Province. The questionnaire, used in this study, was remade on the basis of philological reviews and previous studies, and a total of 208 questionnaires were re-collected. In relation to the question about chance of sex education, 56.7% of respondents answered, '4 or more chances'. In relation to the question about the source of sex information, 37.5% of respondents referred to 'their friends.' In the case of premarital sex, 51.4% answered, 'it amounts to nothing in pairs of lovers.' In conclusion, the university authorities need to aggressively support students in order that desirable sex educations can be given to students and they can have right sexual consciousness and have the mature and responsible attitude to sex.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.34-39
• /
• 2018

Along with the development of ICT technology, wearable devices of various sizes and shapes have been developed. In addition, performance and specifications are rebuilt with IOT fusion products so that they can connect with the current smartphone. This is one of the general-purpose technologies of the 4th industrial revolution, which is spot-lighted with technology that changes the quality and environment of our lives. Along with this, as new technology products combining health care technology increases, various functions are provided to users who need it. Wearable technology is ongoing trend of technology development. It also sells products developed as products in the form of smart watches. At present, various related products are made in various ways, and it is recommended to use the Arduino processor in accordance with the application. In this study, we developed wearable physical activity monitoring system using open source hardware based TinyDuino. TinyDuino is an ultra-compact Arduino compatible board made on the basis of Atmega process Board, and it can be programmed in open source integrated development environment(named Sketch). The physical activity monitoring system of the welfare body can be said to be a great advantage, as a smart u-Healthcare system that can perform daily health management.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.205-212
• /
• 2006

Objectives: In spite of the recent increased concern for Asian dust storms, there are few studies concerning how dangerous the general public recognizes these dust storms to be. This study examined the public's perceptions of the risk of the Asian dust storms and also the source of the information concerning the risk. Methods: A telephone interview survey using a standardized questionnaire was done for the adults living in Seoul and its metropolitan area from May 15th, 2003 to May 16th, 2003. The contents of the questionnaire were the sociodemographic characteristics, the perceptions of risk to the Asian dust storms, and the coping strategy of the study participants. Results: The study participants get their information on Asian dust storms mainly from TV newscasts and they have a good knowledge of them. They regard it as one of the most dangerous health risks, along with dioxin. They think that it is associated with allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis and bronchial asthma, etc. Of the 500 study participants, 201 (40.2%) persons suffered bodily discomforts during the Asian dust storm period. Conclusions: Although there are uncertainties about the health risks of Asian dust storms, the public thinks these dust storms are very dangerous to health in many ways This negative perception will not disappear easily. To fill the gap of the public's perceptions of the risk and the objective evidence of its health effects, more studies about its health effects and the methods to reduce exposure are required.