• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.66-70
• /
• 2018

Preliminary investigation and analysis of the effectiveness of controlling the number of ecosystem disturbance fishes residing in Togyo reservoir using the native carnivorous fish species were performed. The data were collected from August 2011 to November 2016. The release of native carnivorous fish species was carried out from the end of May, 2012 to the end of July, 2016, considering fishing ban period of Siniperca scherzeri. The comparative abundance of Lepomis macrochirus was found to be 12.8% in the first year and increased a little bit after releasing the native carnivorous fish. However, it decreased to 3.9% in the last year showing a value of less than 5%. On the other hand, the Micropterus salmoides populations tended to increase after the release of native carnivorous fish species. This seems to be the result of the segregation of habitat by interspecific competition with S. scherzeri. The M. salmoides moved from inside of the lake to edges, and to influent tributaries. Stable isotope analysis showed that Channa argus had the highest levels of nutrition, S. scherzeri and M. salmoides were in competition, and L. macrochirus was used as a feed source for released species. Changes of the fish community in the Togyo reservoir was represented by the rank abundance curves based on the results of the fish fauna. As a result, the fish group in incoming tributaries are somewhat disturbed after the release of the native carnivorous species. Similarly, the fish group in the reservoir were disturbed as well but it's gradually stabilizing afterwards. Therefore, the control of the ecosystem disturbance species using the native carnivorous fish of Korea is effective and helps to stabilize the fish community in the lake.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.106-116
• /
• 2008

21 century is as time of infinite competition the knowledge base society where the creation knowledge and information become source of competitive power (Knowledge-based society) and the world-wide various nations leads and knowledge intensification of voice and existing industry of knowledge industry leadership grasp of competitive power high position security and world economy it concentrates a hazard national ability from new economic environment inside. Also, world economy the economic border collapsed with opening anger liberalization and the integration of world economy was accelerated and the restraint of advanced nation, pursuit of the late start developing country and competition from the enterprise for strategy helping each other back international market more were aggravating and information and knowledge with production element or the goods were wide in the economic whole and information knowledge revolution which circulates was developed and it followed hereupon and with the vitality where the knowledge base industry growth is new it rose to the surface.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.962-969
• /
• 2009

The market of building construction has been competitive in Hong Kong, perhaps as anywhere else in the world. The barrier to entry is low because there are relatively low requirements on the three factors of production - technology, manpower and finance. The prevailing building technology is traditional and labour-intensive. There is also not much need of capital because clients' periodic payments have been the main source of project finance. Further, capitalizing on trade sub-contracting, contractors have been able to keep their direct labour-force small and to transfer much of their business risk to the sub-contractors. Based on interviews to solicit the perception of a sample of building contractors on the particular issues of construction finance, we present the findings in this paper and discuss the various implications. We believe that the current practice of construction financing is both the cause and effect of the competition within, and the competitiveness of, the building construction sector in Hong Kong. We conclude that the building construction sector is "locked or stuck" in this "equilibrium" of traditional technology, reliance on clients' finance and exploitation of sub-contracting. In this "equilibrium" state, there is hardly any motivation for contractors to engage themselves in product or process innovation. Consequently, any talk of industry reform or innovation could only remain just that. We believe that this problem is not unique in Hong Kong. The building construction sector in many other developed and developing economies is posed with similar if not the same problems and constraints. We conclude that there has to be some "external forces" to bring this "equilibrium" state to a higher level "equilibrium" one where higher value-added building construction services are supplied and demanded. This is a state where building contractors possessing innovative technology, better financial and manpower resources could thrive to build better buildings with innovative building methods and processes.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.939-969
• /
• 2017

The interest in social regulation and its influence on innovation are increasing as the society concerns more for environment and safety. There have been plenty of literature about the impact of social regulation on innovation and its mechanism. Majority of research have been influenced by or based on the famous Porter's hypothesis. However, majority of the literature focus on internal factors such as expected benefits from change of regulations, and it is hard to find one studying social regulation's influence on innovation through external factors such as market or industrial structure. This study addresses this issue of the impact of social regulation on innovation by analyzing the case of fire-retardant coating material for steel structure industry in Korea. It scrutinizes the impact of social regulation which affects competition and innovation on substitute competing market, and tries to reveal that there might exist the other path to innovation, besides the way that the expected benefit from compliance of regulation directly drives innovation. As a result of the case study, we have found that changes in social regulation may act like economic regulation and restructure the market segment and this effect may lead to innovation. It can be explained by the fact that expected benefits from compliance of regulation can be a direct source of innovation, as Porter suggested, but the change of industry structure and competitive strength caused by the change in social regulation can also act as a driving force of innovation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.84-92
• /
• 1999

The rumen microbial ecosystem is coming to be recognized as a rich alternative source of genes for industrially useful enzymes. Recent advances in biotechnology are enabling development of novel strategies for effective delivery and enhancement of these gene products. One particularly promising avenue for industrial application of rumen enzymes is as feed supplements for nonruminant and ruminant animal diets. Increasing competition in the livestock industry has forced producers to cut costs by adopting new technologies aimed at increasing production efficiency. Cellulases, xylanases, ${\beta}$-glucanases, pectinases, and phytases have been shown to increase the efficiency of feedstuff utilization (e.g., degradation of cellulose, xylan and ${\beta}$-glucan) and to decrease pollutants (e.g., phytic acid). These enzymes enhance the availability of feed components to the animal and eliminate some of their naturally occurring antinutritional effects. In the past, the cost and inconvenience of enzyme production and delivery has hampered widespread application of this promising technology. Over the last decade, however, advances in recombinant DNA technology have significantly improved microbial production systems. Novel strategies for delivery and enhancement of genes and gene products from the rumen include expression of seed proteins, oleosin proteins in canola and transgenic animals secreting digestive enzymes from the pancreas. Thus, the biotechnological framework is in place to achieve substantial improvements in animal production through enzyme supplementation. On the other hand, the rumen ecosystem provides ongoing enrichment and natural selection of microbes adapted to specific conditions, and represents a virtually untapped resource of novel products such as enzymes, detoxificants and antibiotics.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.64-76
• /
• 1978

A dimensional supply of petroleum fuels and increased competition for petroleum products has made the conservation of energy in grain drying an important cost and management factor. Research on solar grain drying is directed toward utilization of a renewable energy source as an alternative to petroleum fuels for drying. There are many technical and economic problems in accepting and adopting solor energy as a new energy source for grain drying. The purpose of this study are to assess the state of the art of solar grain drying and to find out the problems by reviewing literatures available. The results obtained may be summarized as follows; 1.It may be considered that the weather conditions in October of Korea was satisfactory for the forced natural air and solar heated air drying. 2. Solar energy is considered more applicable to low-temperature, In-storage drying systems than to high-temperature, high-speed drying systems. In-storage drying systems require low levels of heat input. The costs of collector systems to provide low temperature are considerably cheaper than for high-temperature systems. 3. Tubular type collector made of polyvinyle film seems to be the most practical at this stage of development and black-painted bare-plate collectors mounted on the outside of a typical, round, low-temperature drying bin can supply an appreciable amount of the energy efficiently needed for low-temperature grain drying at a lower cost. 4. All of the grains in solar drying tests was successfully dried up to safe storaged moisture levels without significant spoilage. Drying rates with solar system were faster than natural air drying systems, and usually a little slower than similar low-temperature electric drying systems. 5. Final grain moisture levels were lower in solar tests than in natural air tests, and generally higher than in tests with continuous heated air. 6. Savings of energy by use of solar collectors ranged from 23% to 55%, compared to the natural and electric ileated air drying systems. However, total drying cost effectiteness tvas not significant. Therefore, it is desirable that solar grain dry-ing sIFstems tvhich could be suitable for multiple heating purposes on farms shouldbe developed. 7. Supplemental heat with solar radiation did little to reduce air flow requirementsbut refuced drying time and increased the p\ulcornerobability of successful drying duringdrying poriod.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.195-201
• /
• 2010

Globalization, conversions, and OSMU (One Source Multi Use) in modern cultural industry is expanding fast, and global competition is soaring with a changing environment today. In fact, the development of one nation depends on its cultural creativity. Yet, there is an increasing need for a connection between space and culture since globalization homogenizes a nation's unique cultural identity and provides low level of utilization in digital cultural contents in terms of saving, conserving and maintaining data. In order to invigorate the cultural industry, there must be some information that provides public culture contents, which they can be freely searched, displayed, and re-produced. Ultimately, these public culture contents should be able to provide Culture Space. This text discusses how individuals produce the Culture Space, which provides digital information of time and space, from a relationship between culture and space. It also introduces the public Culture Contents service framework in order to provide culture information and combined Culture Contents.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.15 no.8
• /
• pp.130-140
• /
• 2015

With the growth of media platforms and fierce competition in the media market, there have been focus on cross media storytelling, a remediation of content already proven successful to another type of medium. In particular, webtoons have emerged as being successful source media, and this study analyzes how the webtoon 's narrative is expanded and transformed in the remediation process into TV drama. The results showed that, the webtoon , which was targeted at a relatively more specific audience, objectively described stories of the life and hardships of an office worker through a contractual employee at a trading company navigating work life based on strategies of Baduk; while the TV drama version, which aims to appeal to a broader audience, strengthened popular narratives with topics of social issues such as 'hardships of the non-permanent employee', 'sexual discrimination and sexual harassment in the workplace', 'difficulties of a working mom', and 'romance between new colleagues'. In addition, in order to create dramatic enjoyment, the drama's storytelling strategy incorporated conflicts by creating confrontational relationships among good and evil characters, and added humanism and comedic effect.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.266-280
• /
• 2013

Background: Information asymmetry between physicians and patients is one of the most unique characteristics of health care. But as consumerism spreads in health care sector, health care consumers are searching comparative information about quality and cost of providers from many information sources. Providing comparative information to health care consumers not only makes consumers choose hospital rationally, but also invigorates the health care market by providers' competition. However there are few studies regarding information searching behavior of health care consumers, then this study is carried out. Methods: The purpose of this study is to understand the information searching behavior of health care consumers based on their characteristics and the types of medical institutions. For this purpose, 313 spinal patients' data of 11 medical institutions (university hospital, spine specialized hospital, clinic) located in Seoul were collected by self-administered surveys. Results: The results of this study are as follows: 1) t-test/analysis of variance analysis showed that according to various characteristics of health care consumers and the types of medical institutions, the level of information searching of each source and the amount of information searching and searching outcomes are statistically different. 2) Regression analysis showed that influence on searching outcomes are statistically different according to the level of information searching of each source and searching content and the amount of information searching has positive effects on searching outcomes. Conclusion: The significance of this study is to provide empirical basis for establishment of health care policy reflecting information needs and preference of health care consumers.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2002.03a
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2002

As the competition among the ports is extreme, the purpose of this study which intendsto keep sustainable competitive advantage in Busan Container Terminals through the quality management of port service is shown as the followings. First, the common factor of quality management activities In the part of domestic container port is to be analysed. secondly, the efforts for enhancing the standard of quality management is to be confirmed lastly the relationship of cause-effect among the source of quality management, quality management activities and quality management is to be clarified. An empirical study was carried out to examine how Busan Container Terminals view quality management activities by the provision of statistical evidence showing the efforts to enhance the standard of quality management, common factors of quality management activities and causal relationship among these factors. The data investigating the quality management for Busan Container Terminals were collected from 170 persons in charge of quality management for port services in Busan Container Terminals the use of questionnaire method and personal interviews. The Cronbach's $\alpha$ coefficient and factor analysis were used to analyze the reliability and the propriety of measured variables. Furthermore SEM method using AMOS 4.0 was used to analyze the cause-effect relationship among the source. activities and accomplishments of quality management representing the core concept of quality management system. The importance of this study is placed in the description of the theoretical and general system on the quality management when the domestic container terminals have activated to promote the quality management, and in suggesting the actual problem and settlement method which are directly helpful to the field, and It can be indicated as having its meaning on future research obect.