• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.956-964
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• 2019

In the age of personal media such as YouTube and Twitch, individual media content creation and consumption have become simpler. A huge amount of media content is created and consumed through platform services. In this regard, interest in copyright of media contents is increasing. In particular, the sound source is an indispensable element in almost all media contents production. In this paper, we propose a method to store the sound source and its signature using blockchain and distributed storage system to verify the copyright of music contents. We Identify the possibility of including the audio signature extraction result of the sound source as blockchain transaction data. Through experiments, we compare the input and output speed when the sound source and its signature are stored in the distributed storage system.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.424-434
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• 2020

This paper describes an algorithm that calculates Absolute Sound Level (ASL) for contents platform. ASL is a single volume representing individual sound sources and is a concept designed to integrate and utilize the sound level units in digital sound source and physical domain from a speaker in practical areas. For this concept to be used in content platforms and others, it is necessary to automatically derive the ASL without having to go through a hearing of mastering engineers. The key parameters of which a person recognizes the representative sound level of an individual single sound source are the areas of "frequency, maximum energy, energy variation coefficient, and perceived energy distribution," and the ASL was calculated through the normalizing of the weights.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.15
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• pp.221-235
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• 2009

Most of the sounds used in animated films are artificially made. A large number of the sounds used are either actual sound recordings or diversely processed artificial sounds made with professional sound equipments such as synthesizers. One animation episode contains numerous amounts of sounds, resulting in significant sound production costs. These sounds have full potential to be reused in different films or animations, but in reality we fail to do so. This thesis discusses ways these sound sources can be acknowledged as added new values to the present market situation as a usable 'digital content'. The iTunes Music Store is an American Apple company product that is acknowledged as the most successful digital content distribution model at the time being. Its system's sound library has potential for application in the Korean sound industry. In result, this system allows the sound creator to connect directly to the online store and become the initiative content supplier. At the same time, the user can receive a needed content easily at a low price. The most important part in the construction of this system is the search engine, which allows users to search for data in short periods of time. The search engine will have to be made in a new manner that takes into consideration the characteristics of the Korean language. This thesis presents a device incorporating the Wiki System to allow users to search and build their own data bases to share with other users. Using this system as a base, the Korean animation sound library will provide development and growth in the sound source industry as a new digital sound content.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.55-62
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• 2023

In this paper, we present a method that utilizes geometry-based sound generation techniques to efficiently handle multiple sound sources, wind turbulence, and temperature-dependent interactions. Recently, a method based on reduced raytracing has been proposed to update the sound position and efficiently calculate sound propagation and diffraction without recursive reflection/refraction of many rays, but this approach only considers the propagation characteristics of sound and does not consider the interaction of multiple sound sources, wind currents, and temperature. These limitations make it difficult to create sound scenes in a variety of virtual environments because they only generate static sounds. In this paper, we propose a method for efficiently constructing a sound map in a situation where multiple sounds are placed, and a method for efficiently controlling the movement of an agent through it. In addition, we propose a method for controlling sound propagation by considering wind currents and temperature. The method proposed in this paper can be utilized in various fields such as metaverse environment design and crowd simulation, as well as games that can improve content immersion based on sound.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.169-179
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• 2016

Recently, MPEG-H has been standardizing for a multimedia coder in UHDTV (Ultra-High-Definition TV). Thus, the demand for not only channel-based audio contents but also object-based audio contents is more increasing, which results in developing a new technique of converting channel-based audio contents to object-based ones. In this paper, a non-uniform linear microphone array based source separation method is proposed for realizing such conversion. The proposed method first analyzes the arrival time differences of input audio sources to each of the microphones, and the spectral magnitudes of each sound source are estimated at the horizontal directions based on the analyzed time differences. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, objective performance measures of the proposed method are compared with those of conventional methods such as an MVDR (Minimum Variance Distortionless Response) beamformer and an ICA (Independent Component Analysis) method. As a result, it is shown that the proposed separation method has better separation performance than the conventional separation methods.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.1002-1012
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• 2019

360VR content requires short latency, such as immediate response to viewers' viewport changes and high quality video delivery. It is necessary to consider efficient transmission that guarantees the QoE(Quality of Experience) of the 360VR contents with limited bandwidth. Several research has been introduced to reduce overall bandwidth consumption by predicting a user's viewport and allocating different bit rates to the area corresponding to the viewport. In this paper, we propose novel viewport prediction scheme that uses sound source location information of 360VR contents as auditory recognition information along with visual recognition information. Also, we propose efficient transmission algorithm by allocating a bit rate properly based on improved viewport prediction. The proposed scheme improves the accuracy of the viewport prediction and provides high quality videos to tiles corresponding to the user's viewpoint within the limited bandwidth.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.50
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• pp.395-424
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• 2018

The purpose of this paper is to examine the current situation and background of the Russian consumer music market, where digital music sources are making great strides in the noted recent years. In addition, music storage technology, media and change are considered together in this report. Moreover, Russia is the 12th largest music market in the world. The Russian music industry is following the recent trend of the global music industry, where the digital music market is growing rapidly on many different levels. The explosive growth of the digital sound sources in Russia's music industry is attributed to the explosive increase in available consumer downloads, streaming sound source service, and the increase in the number of digital sound sources using mobile technologies due to the development of the Internet. In particular, the sales of the available and accessible streaming sound sources are expected to grow explosively by the year 2020, which is expected to account for more than 85% of total digital music sales. In other words, the spread of smartphones and the resulting changes in the lifestyle of the Russians have created these changes for the global consumer of music. In other words, the time has come for anyone to easily access music and listen to music without a separate audio or digital player. And the fact that the Russian government's strong policy on the eradication of illegal copying of music is becoming an effective deterrent, as is also the factor that led to the increase of the share of the digital sound source to increase sales in Russia. Today, the Russian music industry is leading this change through the age and process of simply adapting to the digital age. Music is the most important element of cultural assets, and it is the beneficial content, which drives the overall growth of the digital economy. In addition, if the following five improvements(First, strengthen the consciousness of the Russian people about copyright protection; Second, utilizing the Big Data Internet resources in the digital music industry; Third, to improve the monopoly situation of digital music distributors; Fourth, distribution of fair music revenues; and Fifth, revitalization of a re-investment in the current Russian music industry) are effective and productive, Russia's role and position in the world music market is likely to expand.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2017.07a
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• pp.47-50
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• 2017

PC 혹은 모바일 환경이 점점 발전됨에 따라 사용자들은 자신의 목적에 맞는 다양한 콘텐츠들을 쉽게 이용하고 있다. 사용자는 정상적인 콘텐츠를 이용할 경우 콘텐츠가 가지고 있는 태그정보를 통해 콘텐츠의 내용을 식별하여 사용한다. 하지만 올바른 태그정보가 들어있지 않은 콘텐츠의 경우 사용자는 잘못 입력된 태그정보로 인해 콘텐츠를 식별하는 과정에서 어려움을 겪을 수 있는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 사용자가 가지고 있는 콘텐츠에 접근하여 스마트폰 혹은 PC에 저장되어있는 다양한 콘텐츠들을 유튜브 API를 통해 유튜브 플랫폼에 존재하는 영상들과 매칭 시키고, 매칭 시킨 영상들을 사용자 계정에 동기화시키는 시스템을 제안한다.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.146-156
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• 1998

To mitigate excessive noise from highways, and high speed rail road, it is often necessary to construct a noise barrier. Absorptive barroer attenuation solution is obtained for the problem of diffration of a plane wave sound source by a semi-infinite plane. A finite region in the vicinity of the edge has an highly absorbing boundary condition ; the remaining portion of the half plane is rigid. The problem which is solved is a mathematical model for a hard barrier with an absorbing edge. If the wavelength of the sound is much smaller than the length scale associated with the barrier, the diffraction process is governed to all intents and purpose by the solution to a standard problem of diffraction by a semi-infinite hard plane with an absorbent edge. It is concluded that the absorbing material that comprises the edge need only be of the order of a wavelength long to have approximately the same effect, on the sound attenuation in the shadow side of the barrier. Traffic noise is composed of thousands of sources with varying frequency content. To simplify noise predictions when barriers are present, an effective frequency of 550Hz may be used to represent all vehicles. The wavelength of sound at f=550Hz for traffic noise is about 2 feet. According to the above conclusion, an absorptive highway noise barrier is only needed to cover to cover approximately a 2 foot length of absorbing material. It would be more economical to cover only the region in the immediate vicinity of the edge with highly sound obsorbent material.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.10-21
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• 2024

Recently, audio systems are changing the configuration of conventional sound reinforcement (SR) systems and public address (PA) systems by using audio over IP (AoIP), a technology that can transmit and receive audio signals based on internet protocol (IP). With the advancement of IP technology, AoIP technologies are leading the audio market and various technologies are being released. In particular, audio networks and control hierarchy over peer-to-peer (Anchor) technology based on AoIP is a system that transmits and receives audio signals over a wide bandwidth without an audio mixer, creating a novel paradigm for existing audio system configurations. Anchor technology forms an audio system by connecting audio sources and output equipment with On-site audio center (OAC), a device that can transmit and receive IP. Anchor's receiving OAC is capable of receiving and mixing audio signals transmitted from different IPs, making it possible to configure a novel audio system by replacing the conventional audio mixer. However, Anchor technology does not have the ability to provide audio effects to input devices such as microphones and instruments in the audio system configuration. Due to this, when individual control of each audio source is required, there is a problem of not being able to control the input signal, and it is impossible to individually affect a specific input signal. In this paper, we implemented a tone control module that can individually control the tone of the audio source of the input device using the audio processor core in the audio system based on Anchor technology, tone control for audio sources is possible through a tone control module connected to the transmitting OAC. As a result of the study, we confirmed that OAC receives the signal from the audio source, adjusts the tone and outputs it on the tone control module. Based on this, it was possible to solve problems that occurred in Anchor technology through transmitting OAC and tone control modules. In the future, we hope that the audio system configuration using Anchor technology will become established as the standard for audio equipment.