• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.591-597
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• 2007

웨어러블 컴퓨팅의 지속적인 발전과 함께, 이들이 지원하는 기능은 점점 다양화되고 전문화되었다. 하지만 기기의 종류와 기능이 늘어나면서 각 기기의 상태를 확인하는 작업 자체가 복잡하고 불필요한 시간을 소요하기도 한다. 또한 이를 시각 디스플레이에만 의존하면, 디스플레이 크기의 한계와 더불어 시각적인 과부하가 발생할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 극복하기 위해 웨어러블 각 기기의 상태정보 피드백으로서 소리를 이용하였다. 실험의 순서는 먼저 시각정보에 더하여 청각정보를 추가적으로 제시하는 방식의 유용성을 검증한 다음, 기기 특정적인 청각 아이콘(Auditory Icon)의 효과를 확인하였다. 청각정보의 유용성을 확인하는 단계에서는 참가자에게 특정 기기의 위치와 그 상태에 관한 정보를 시각 디스플레이를 통해 제시하면서, 조건에 따라 다양한 형태의 청각 디스플레이를 제시하고 기기 및 상태정보 확인에 소요되는 시간을 측정하였다. 시각디스플레이의 방식은 다양하지만, 본 연구에서는 사람의 몸을 나타내는 그림 위에 기기가 장착된 위치를 붉은 점으로 표시하고, 그 상태를 텍스트로 표시하는 방식(실험 1)과 텍스트를 통해 기기의 종류와 상태를 알려주는 방식(실험 2)을 적용하였다. 기기 확인에 소요되는 반응시간을 기록한 실험결과는 시각디스플레이를 통해서만 제시하는 조건보다 시각디스플레이와 청각디스플레이를 동시에 제시하는 조건에서 나은 수행을 보여주며, 정보의 내용이 일정 범위 내에서 구체적으로 제시될 수록 수행이 증가하는 경향을 보여주고 있다. 이어지는 기기 특정적인 청각 아이콘의 효과를 확인하는 단계에서는, 소리의 높낮이를 통해 기기의 위치를 표현하는 대신, 소리만 듣고 기기가 무엇인가를 알려줄 수 있도록, 참가자 평정을 통해 기기 특정적인 청각 아이콘을 선정하고, 이를 상태정보 디스플레이에 추가하였다. 기기의 수와 제시조건은 앞선 실험과 동일하였으며, 역시 기기 및 상태정보 확인에 소요되는 반응시간을 체크하였다. 실험결과는 이전의 실험과 비슷하게 시각과 청각 디스플레이의 중복제시 조건에서 높은 수행을 보였으며, 청각 아이콘의 사용으로 인한 수행의 증가도 확인할 수 있었다. 실험 2에서는 추가적으로 청각 디스플레이의 내용에 대한 주관적인 평정을 실시 하였는데, 기기 특정적인 청각 아이콘은 참가자에게 편의성, 효용성, 적합성, 확신도에서도 높은 점수를 얻었다. 이러한 결과는 청각 피드백을 이용한 정보의 디스플레이는 착용자의 시선을 자유롭게 함으로써 일상생활의 수행을 높이고, 웨어러블 컴퓨터 디스플레이 크기의 제약을 해결하는 방법이 될 수 있는 동시에 주관적인 사용성 측면에서 발전가능성이 있음을 보여준다.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.105-115
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• 2003

The four skills of a language are basically required for a communication. They are very important for a learner to develop the balanced language acquisition. Today both listening and speaking skills are emphasized in the global era rather than reading and writing proficiencies. The reason is really why the learners' communicative competence is more needed than the accurate knowledge of a structure in the language. For this reason, the listening comprehension should be taught effectively using the following strategies. First, the sound difference of a language must be taught. Language is a complicated process to convey the comprehensive meaning combined with the internal and external factors of a language. In other words, the meaning for the sound of language should be transmitted by the unit of vocabulary and syntax. Second, a good listening comprehension requires the familiarity and much experience with a lot of English words to understand English sentences unconsciously. Third, as understanding the structure of language is effective for the listening comprehension, the better listening comprehension can be possible through the meaningful exercise. Fourth, the compound process of listening comprehension requires the comprehensive understanding of language, but not the separate understanding of language. Fifth, the appropriate application of the multimedia courseware helps improve the listening comprehension better than that of the existing audio, video, tape recorder and so on. Using multimedia courseware is useful as follows: A learner is able to take as much lesson as he/she wants. It does take little time to repeat about what he/she takes a lesson. It gives the lively picture with the native speakers' voices. It gives him/her(a learner) a feedback effect continuously through the interaction of computer. It controls his/her lesson in accordance with the level of a learner.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.152-159
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• 2010

This paper describes the actual application of a feedback control loop as a means for minimizing turbine impulse chamber pressure variation during the turbine steam valve tests at a 1,000 MW nuclear power plant. The chamber pressure control loop was implemented in the new digital control system which was installed as a replacement for the old analog type control system. There has been about 40MW of the generator output change during the steam valve tests, especially the high pressure governing valve tests, because the old control system had not the impulse chamber pressure control so the operators had to compensate steam flow drop manually. The process of each valve test consists of a closing process and an reopening process and the operators can make sure that the valves are in their sound conditions by checking the valves movement. The control algorithm described in this paper contributed to keep the change in megawatt only to 6MW during the steam valve tests. Thereby, the disturbance to reactor control was reduced, and the overall plant control system's stability was greatly improved as well.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.173-178
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• 2000

Subjective correspondence among visual variables, auditory variables and vibratory feedback to a hand was experimentally examined to improve usability of a remote controller. First, we studied the correspondence among visual variables represented on a screen or auditory variables and the duration of vibratory stimulus to the subjects' hand by subjective evaluation. Subjective rating method was used in ten items; suitability, comprehensibility, ease-to-use, naturalness, variety, activity, usualness, interest, wish-to-use and feeling of pleasure. Second, to show the effects of multi-modal interface using visual sense, the sense of auditory and vibratory sense, we combined positive stereotype of visual variables and auditory variables provided with the first experiment. The results showed some stereotype between visual variables or auditory variables and duration of vibratory stimulus. Some of the variables such as size, direction of motion, hue, brightness of color and volume of sound had high correspondence with the duration of vibration.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.9-13
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• 2009

A cause of noise and vibration which come from a Combustion of gas heater are a combustion roar and Combustion oscillation. A character of a combustion roar is that sound pressure is distribute with broad band frequency. otherwise, The presence of combustion oscillation caused by positive Feed Back in Combustion Chamber break out a noise and vibration. Accordingly, The method that be solved a noise and vibration is to make each natural frequency different frequency. first, in order to solve problem, we control ratio of fuel and air. that is, Keep away resonance. second, in order to changing natural frequency of Combustion Chamber, We changed the shape of Economizer.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.39-50
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• 2007

The purpose of this paper is to development of the environment writing workbook to enhance environmental literacy of elementary school student. To achieve the purpose, the concrete paper processes are as follows. First, in order to development of the environment writing workbook to enhance environmental literacy, Writing of Environment Club students did various writing activities as an experiment. The environment writing workbook is developed using the students product feedback. Second, the environment writing workbook was used for the 5th graders in the elementary school for 10 weeks to see how the environment writing workbook would enhance the students' environmental literacy. The results of this paper are as follows. It's application was meaningful in the level of p<.05 in point of view of environmental literacy as a result of the pre-post test in the experiment group, who is one of the 5th grade classes in the elementary school. In conclusion, the environment writing workbook is very effective to enhance the seven parts of environmental literacy out of eleven. It is necessary because the environment writing helps to think of environmental issue deeply, learn about regional environmental problems, establish sound environment sense of value, give the opportunities to participate in activities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.173-178
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 영상음향의 사운드디자인 구조의 차이가 수용자에게 어떠한 감응도 변화가 있는가를 알아 보았다. 실험은 60초의 TV광고음향을 음악으로만 디자인한 음향트랙과(A), 음향효과와 음악으로 디자인한 음향트랙(B)을 청취하게 하여, 어떠한 사운드 구조가 감응도(주의력, 활성도, 감성도)에 더 유의한 영향을 미치는가를 알아 보았다. 실험은5명씩의 남.여 대학생을 대상으로 이루어 졌고 안정상태와 Fp1, Fp2를 중심으로 한 전두엽측정방식으로 한 뉴로피드백(Neuro feedback)뇌파측정방법으로 측정하였다. 그 결과, 음악으로만 디자인한 A음향트랙에서의 감응도는 주의((ATQ)와 활성도(ACQ), 감성도(EQ)모두가 증가했으나 B트랙보다는 낮았다. 음악+효과음으로 디자인한 B트랙에서는 주의력(ATQ), 활성도(ACQ),는 A트랙보다 증가하였으나 EQ(감성도)는 반대로 A트랙보다 낮았다. 결과적으로 영상에서 음향은 주의력과 활성도 에는 기본적으로 뇌의 변화에 작용하나 정서적인 면은 역시 음악이 유효한 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 강한 효과음들은 음악보다 주의력과 집중도를 높이기는 하나 스트레스적(SQ)지수는 오히려 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통하여 방송과 영화 등의 사운드구조는 영상과의 호흡을 기본으로 하지만 실제로 시각정보와 청각정보가 동시에 합쳐져서, 심리적으로 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 뇌신경측정으로 고찰한 것에 의의가 있다.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.156-166
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• 2016

Medical school students learn a lot about medical knowledge and clinical experience in the classroom. Teaching is a main focus in medical schools; therefore, it is necessary to identify the characteristics of good teaching. The aim of this study is to analyze the characteristics of high-quality education in medical schools. In this study, in-depth interviews were conducted over two weeks on twelve fourth-year medical students. Participants were asked to define high-quality education, list the general ways in which high-quality classes are delivered, mention cases where they have experienced high-quality teaching, and describe the attitude required of students to make high-quality education possible. The results showed that students want to be taught in an interactive way on the core content needed in an actual clinical setting for the goal of cultivating primary care physicians. They want their education to include not only medical knowledge, but also liberal art subjects such as politics, economics, sociology, culture and ethics education to help instill a sound value system. In particular, students stressed the importance of instructors delivering appropriate post-evaluation feedback, and they also emphasized that learner mindset and attitude is important in supporting high-quality teaching in class. This paper also summarizes the elements of high-quality teaching in terms of educational goals, content, and method, and examines cases of instructors who have delivered high-quality classes.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.121-131
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• 1999

Recently our educational methodologies have been changed to an open, student-centered structure. Mathematics is now learned through experiential interaction and less emphasis is placed on abstract theories. For example, the axioms of the geometry in the middle school curriculum have been expressed by using symbolic letters. Students find these abstractions very difficult and it hinders their ability to grasp the significance of geometrical concepts. In an effort to simplify these abstract concepts and enhance the students interest and ability to learn, the GSP (Geometry Sketchpad) is proving to be a useful and effective tool. First, Second and third grade students have found the GSP to be extremely useful. While the pad has no sound function it still enables the students to freely change diagrams without disrupting the integrity of the program. There is also a running order of instructions at the bottom of the screen to facilitate the step by step understanding of mathematical procedures. This function makes the program ideal for use by teachers, students and even beginners. Anyone experiencing difficulty can get immediate assistance from the guidebook which is located at the back of each program. Allowing individuals to manipulate and actually see the changing deductions and axiom proofs on the computer screen provides them with immediate feedback and reinforcement. It also enhances their overall interest in learning geometry. The use of the GSP is proving to be an innovative and effective tool in facilitating the transition of mathematics into an open, student-centered educational forum.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.29-37
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• 2005

The spray and acoustic characteristics of a gas/liquid swirl coaxial injector are studied experimentally. The self-pulsation is defined as a pressure and flow rate oscillations by a time-delayed feedback between liquid and gas phase. Self-pulsation has strong influences on atomization and mixing processes and accompanies painful screams. So. the spray and acoustic characteristics are investigated. Spray patterns are observed by shadow photography technique in order to determine the onset of self-pulsation. And self-pulsation boundary with Injection conditions and recess length is get. To measure the frequency of the spray oscillation. oscillation of the laser intensity which passes through spray is analyzed by Fast Fourier Transform. For acoustic tests, a PULSE System was used. Acoustic characteristics of a swirl coaxial injector are investigated according to the injection conditions. such as the pressure drop or the liquid and gas phase. and injector geometries. such as recess length and gap size between the inner and outer injector. Front the experimental results. the increase of recess length leads to the rapid increase of the sound pressure level. And as the pressure drop of the liquid phase increases. the frequency of the self?pulsation shifts to the higher frequency. The frequency of spray oscillations is the same as that of the acoustic fields by self-pulsation.