• 대한본초학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.115-119
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• 2007

Objectives : A morphological classification among Sophora tonkinensis, Menispermum dauricum and Indigofera kirilowii was made through microscopic observation. Method : The slice of the tested material made by paraffin section technique was colored with Safranine Malachite Green contrast methods, and then observed and photographed by olymphus-BHT. Result : 1. The cross-sections of Sophora tonkinensis and Indigofera kirilowii have piths, but Menispermum dauricum does not have any. 2. The lateral parts of Sophora tonkinensis cortex include the square crystal of calcium oxalate, but Indigofera kirilowii does not. Conclusion : The number of piths and the presence of the square crystal of calcium oxalate can be used to distinguished Sophora tonkinensis from Indigofera kirilowii.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.1346-1353
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• 2011

산두근(Sophora tonkinensis Gapnep)은 예로부터 동양지역에서 전통적인 약용식물로 사용되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 3T3-L1 지방전구세포의 성숙지방세포로의 분화와 세포 내 지방생성에 대한 산두근 메탄올 추출물(STME)의 효과와 메커니즘에 대해 조사하였다. STME를 0-200 ${\mu}g$/ml의 농도로 처리한 다음, Oil Red O 염색으로 세포 내축적되는 지방구와 지질의 양을 측정한 결과 농도의존적으로 크게 감소됨을 확인하였으며 3T3-L1 지방전구세포의 분화와 관련된 단백질의 발현의 변화를 조사하였다. 지방세포의 특이적 marker인 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\gamma}$ (PPAR${\gamma}$), cytidine-cytidine-adenosine-adenosine-thymine (CCAAT)/enhancer-binding proteins ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$ (C/EBP${\alpha}$, C/EBP${\beta}$) 그리고 sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)의 발현이 STME를 처리하였을 때 현저하게 저해됨을 확인하였다. 세포주기의 변화를 분석한 결과 STME는 지방세포 분화초기 단계인 mitotic clonal expansion 단계에서 G1기로 세포주기를 정지시켰다. 더불어 G1 arrest와 관련된 단백질의 변화를 조사 한 결과, 3T3-L1 세포에 STME를 처리하였을 때 p21의 발현량이 확연하게 증가하였으며, Cdk2, E2F-1 그리고 phosphor-Rb의 발현량은 농도의존적으로 감소하였다. 이러한 결과들에 의하여 STME은 메탄올 추출물임에도 불구하고 3T3-L1 지방전구세포가 성숙지방세포로 분화할 때 G1 arrest를 통하여 지방세포 분화를 억제하며 관련 유전자의 발현 억제도 확연하게 확인할 수 있었으며, 이러한 결과는 항 비만 천연물 소재 탐구의 기초자료로 유용하게 쓰일 것으로 사료된다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.907-915
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• 2007

In this study the effect of water extract of Sophora tonkinensis Gapnep (RST) was investigated on the growth of human lung carcinoma A549 cells. Exposure of A549 cells to RST resulted in the growth inhibition in a dose-dependent manner as measured by MTT assay. The antiproliferative effect by RST treatment in A549 cells was associated with morphological changes such as membrane shrinking and cell rounding up. RST treatment did not induce the cell cycle arrest and the levels of tumor suppressor p53 as well as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(WAF1/CIP1). It was found that RST treatment decreased the levels of cyclooxygenase (COX) -2 mRNA and protein expression without significant changes in the expression of COX-1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which was correlated with a decrease in prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis. RST treatment also slightly inhibited the levels of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA and protein expression, and the activity of telomerase. Taken together, these findings suggested that RST-induced inhibition of human lung carcinoma A549 cell growth was aoosciated with the inhibition of COX-2 expression and PGE2 production. These results provided important new insights into the possible molecular mechanisms of the anti-cancer activity of RST.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.701-708
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• 2013

To test the quality change of seedlings of three domestic medicinal plants raised in plug trays, a short term storage experiment was conducted. Seedlings were kept in growth chambers for two weeks at 4 or $8^{\circ}C$ temperature combined with 0 or $5{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ PPFD. Quality of glasshouse-raised seedlings was assessed after two weeks of cold storage in the growth chamber and one week of acclimation in the greenhouse. After two weeks of storage in the growth chamber of Perilla frutescens var. acuta Kudo, plant height was the greatest in the treatment $8^{\circ}C$ combined with $0{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ PPFD. Internode length of P. frutescens var. acuta Kudo was the greatest in the treatment of $4^{\circ}C$ combined with $0{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ PPFD. After one week of acclimatization in a glasshouse, the growth and development, such as plant height, internode length and leaf size, were greater in the $8^{\circ}C$ combined with $5{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ PPFD than in the other treatments. After two weeks of storage in the growth chamber of Sophora tonkinensis, plant height increased more in the treatment of $4^{\circ}C$ than $8^{\circ}C$. After one week of acclimatization in a glasshouse, number of leaves did not change in the treatment of $4^{\circ}C$ combined with $0{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ PPFD, but it increased in the other treatments. Leaf width increased more under the dark than light condition. Leaf length did not observably change in any treatments. After two weeks of storage in the growth chamber, plant height of Angelica gigas Nakai was the greatest in the treatment of $8^{\circ}C$. Number of leaves was the greatest in the treatment of $8^{\circ}C$. Leaf growth was greater under dark than light condition. These results suggested that optimal storage environment was $8^{\circ}C$ combined with $5{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ PPFD for P. frutescens var. acuta Kudo, and $4^{\circ}C$ combined with $0{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ PPFD for S. tonkinensis and A. gigas Nakai. Hence, proper combination of temperature and PPFD were necessary for better storage, and acclimatization and growth, thereafter, of the plug seedlings of theses plant species.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2014

약용식물을 플러그 트레이를 이용하여 공정육묘를 한 연구결과는 거의 없는 실정이다. 세 종류 약용식물 묘의 생산을 위한 기준을 마련하기 위해 플러그셀 크기가 플러그묘의 생장에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 상업용 상토가 들어있는 128, 200, 288구 플러그셀 트레이에 종자를 파종하였다. 세종류 약용식물은 플러그 셀 크기가 커질수록 생육이 우수하였다. 하나의 플러그 트레이에서 얻어진 총 바이오매스는 차조기와 산두근은 288구에서 가장 높았고, 참당귀는 200구에서 가장 높았다. 총 엽록소와 안토시아닌 함량을 제외한 차조기의 지상부와 지하부 생장은 128구에서 가장 우수하였다. 하지만 최대근장, 엽장, 엽폭, 엽면적, 절간장, 뿌리 생체중, 근군형성은 200구와 288구에서 유의한 차이가 없었다. 산두근은 최대근장, 경경, 엽폭, 엽면적, 지상부 생체중, 근군형성을 제외한 모든 생장에서 처리간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 그러나 최대근장, 경경, 엽폭, 엽면적, 지상부 생체중, 근군형성은 128구에서 가장 우수하였다. 엽록소 함량을 제외한 참당귀의 지상부와 지하부의 모든 생장이 128구에서 우수하였다. 경제적인 부분과 총 바이오매스를 고려했을 때 차조기와 산두근은 288구에서 육묘하는 것이 좋고, 참당귀는 200구에서 육묘하는 것을 권장한다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2021년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.46-46
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• 2021

The first purpose of this study was to evaluate the scavenging capacity (SC) of DPPH and ABTS free radicals for ethanol extract (STR-E) and its active fractions from Sophora tonkinensis root (STR). Four different fractions from STR-E were prepared by using different types of solvents such as chloroform (STR-E-C), ethyl acetate (STR-E-EA), n-butanol (STR-E-B), and water (STR-E-W). STR-E-C showed the highest value of total phenolic content, while STR-E showed the highest value of total flavonoid and terpenoid content. In STR-E and its four fractions, STR-E-EA showed the strongest SC with the lowest SC50 values of the DPPH radicals and ABTS radicals. The second purpose of this study was to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with STR-E, STR-E-C, and STR-E-EA, respectively. No cytotoxic effect to RAW 264.7 cells was observed at 20 ~ 25 ㎍/ml of STR-E, 10 ㎍/ml of STR-E-C, and 5 ㎍/ml of the STR-E-EA, presenting cell viability values close to that of the untreated control (100%). STR-E, STR-E-C, and STR-E-EA significantly suppressed the LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) in a dose-dependent manner. Results of reverse-transcription (RT)-qPCR analysis showed that the peak mRNA levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, IL-6, and IL-10 were observed in the LPS-stimulated macrophages at 4 h, 2 h, 12 h, 12 h, and 12 h, respectively. The peak mRNA levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, and IL-6 were significantly reduced in the LPS-stimulated macrophages co-treated with 20 ㎍/ml and 25 ㎍/ml of STR-E, respectively. In the case of IL-10, its peak mRNA level slightly increased without statistical significance. Compared with the LPS-stimulated macrophages, the peak mRNA levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, and IL-6 reduced in the LPS-stimulated macrophages co-treated with 10 ㎍/ml and 20 ㎍/ml of STR-E-C, respectively. In contrast, the peak mRNA level of IL-10 significantly increased at 8 h. Compared with the LPS-stimulated macrophages, the peak mRNA levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, and IL-6 reduced in the LPS-stimulated macrophages co-treated with 5 ㎍/ml and 10 ㎍/ml of STR-E-EA, respectively. In contrast, the peak mRNA level of IL-10 increased at 4 h. Taken together, our data indicated that STR-E, STR-E-C, and STR-E-EA activate macrophages to secrete both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines.