• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.724-731
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• 2016

This paper presents the interdisciplinary study of a combined mechanism on the interactions between ground and foot using bioengineering and geotechnical engineering. A new mechanism of advanced technology shoes, which can be made safe with a comfortable gait on both soft and hard ground, were developed combining the mechanism of conical top foundation. The experimental tests were carried out to verify the developed shoes. The prototype shoes and test grounds were designed and produced to perform the tests. The general existing shoes and advanced technology shoes were used to measure the pressures re-acting the sole during the tests by a special measurement system. The results clearly showed that the pressures acting on the sole of advanced technology shoes were distributed uniformly compared with that of the existing shoes, and were in good agreement with theoretical approach of the new mechanism. Therefore, the advanced technology shoes could allow a safe gait ergonomically by a new mechanism on any ground type. The load transfer could occur by the interaction between ground and shoes. In addition, these results are expected to be useful for the development of an interdisciplinary study of a new mechanism in the future.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.253-261
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• 1985

The reproduction of marbled sole Limanda yokohamae, caught near around the southeastern coast of Korea, from December 1983 to November 1984, was investigated based on such annual variations as gonadosomatic index(GSL), gametogenesis, reproductive cycle, spawning number, hepatosomatic index (HSI), and fatness. GSI began to increase in the autumn season with the onset of shorter day length and colder water temperature, and reached the maximum value in December with the shortest day length and the lowest temperature over the year. The gonad activated the proliferation of oogonia and spermatogonia in June, reached the mature stage in October, ripe in December, and spawning from the end of December to January. After spawning, it showed the resting stage which gonad remained regressive and suppressive from February to May. In addition, the adult individuals observed discharged eggs only once during their spawning period. At yolk globular stage, the substance of vitellogenin synthesized from the liver was considered to participate in the active yolk accumulation of oocytes. Marbled sole was concluded to be a typical winter spawning species in that such environmental factors as short day length and low water temperature were closely related with the gametogenesis, the stimulation of oocyte maturation, and were also affecting the ovulation.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.439-446
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• 2014

An amphibious inspection robot system (hereafter AIROS) is being developed to visually inspect the in-containment refueling storage water tank (hereafter IRWST) strainer in APR1400 instead of a human diver. Four IRWST strainers are located in the IRWST, which is filled with boric acid water. Each strainer has 108 sub-assembly strainer fin modules that should be inspected with the VT-3 method according to Reg. guide 1.82 and the operation manual. AIROS has 6 thrusters for submarine voyage and 4 legs for walking on the top of the strainer. An inverse kinematic algorithm was implemented in the robot controller for exact walking on the top of the IRWST strainer. The IRWST strainer has several top cross braces that are extruded on the top of the strainer, which can be obstacles of walking on the strainer, to maintain the frame of the strainer. Therefore, a robot leg should arrive at the position beside the top cross brace. For this reason, we used an image processing technique to find the top cross brace in the sole camera image. The sole camera image is processed to find the existence of the top cross brace using the cross edge detection algorithm in real time. A 5-DOF robot arm that has multiple camera modules for simultaneous inspection of both sides can penetrate narrow gaps. For intuitive presentation of inspection results and for management of inspection data, inspection images are stored in the control PC with camera angles and positions to synthesize and merge the images. The synthesized images are then mapped in a 3D CAD model of the IRWST strainer with the location information. An IRWST strainer mock-up was fabricated to teach the robot arm scanning and gaiting. It is important to arrive at the designated position for inserting the robot arm into all of the gaps. Exact position control without anchor under the water is not easy. Therefore, we designed the multi leg robot for the role of anchoring and positioning. Quadruped robot design of installing sole cameras was a new approach for the exact and stable position control on the IRWST strainer, unlike a traditional robot for underwater facility inspection. The developed robot will be practically used to enhance the efficiency and reliability of the inspection of nuclear power plant components.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.246-255
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• 1996

To develop a natural antioxidative peptide, the gelatin was extracted from fish (Yellowfin sole) skin by hot $water(50^{\circ}C)$ extraction method and hydrolyzed with Alcalase, pronase and collagenase through a continuous 3-step membrane reactor. Each step enzymatic hydrolysates were determined the antioxidative activity and their synergistic effects, compared with $\alpha-tocopherol$ and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Also, we tried to investigate the antioxidative disposition of peptide which was successfully separated by gel filtration, ion-exchange chromatography, and HPIC in cultured rat hepatocytes intoxicated with tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). Second step enzymatic hydrolysate (SSEH) among all hydrolysates and $\alpha-tocoperol$ was showed the strongest antioxidative activity. The optimum concentration of antioxidative activity for SSEH was $1\%(w/w)$ in linoleic acid. The synergistic effects were increased in using the hydrolysate with tocopherol and BHT. In the presence of the peptide isolated from SSEH, supplemented hepatocytes exposed to TBHP showed that delayed cell killing and decreased significantly the lipid peroxidation, compared with hepatocytes not cultured with isolated peptide.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.809-815
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• 1997

A series of experiments were conducted to study effects of osmolality and $Ca^{2+}$ on sperm motility in marbled sole, Limanda yokohamae. Spermatozoa were immotile when the milt was mixed with solutions (electrolyte or non-electrolyte) of lower osmolality than the average seminal plasma osmolality (351 mOsm/kg), but became motile after mixing milt with an hyperosmotic solution. However, with the osmolality above 1,639 mOsm/kg spermatozoa ceased their movement. When the milt was suspended in the $Ca^{2+}$ free artificial seawater (ASW) containing ethylenglycoltriamine (EGTA), the percentage of motile spermatozoa decreased in proportion to the increase of EGTA. Most spermatozoa were quiescent in a medium containing 3 mM EGTA. The motility of spermatozoa prevented by 3 mM EGTA was recovered by the subsequent addition of $Ca^{2+}$ over the concentration of 0.25 mM. Effects of calmodulin antagonist, trifluoperazin (TFP) on spermatozoa were examined to elucidate the possible functions of calmodulin in sperm motility. TFP immobilized spermatozoa 5n ASW at the concentration of 0.5 M. These findings suggest that calcium is an effective external factor in the initiation process of sperm motility.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.187-196
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• 2010

We have come to a conclusion below after studying about the cause of limb hyperhidrosis through references, putting the result into practice clinically from Hyungsang remedy point of view, examining the effect of treatment. The cause of limb, palm and sole hyperhidrosis. The cause of limb hyperhidrosis is stomach heat(Yangmyung heat), weakness and coldness of stomach, moisture and heat of spleen and stomach, energy insufficiency of spleen and stomach, weakness of Yin of spleen and stomach, heat by weakness Yin meridian, unspread energy of liver, severe heat of heart, weakness of heart, shortage of blood, the functional disorder of kidney meridian and heart meridian(disposition of water ascension and fire descent), heat of blood(the functional disorder of heart) etc. The cause of palm hyperhidrosis is blood insufficiency of heart and liver or the functional disease of heart and stomach. The cause of sole hyperhidrosis is the functional disease of heart and kidney or the functional disease of kidney. Types classified by the cause of limb hyperhidrosis. The case of stomach heat, moisture and heat of spleen and stomach is found a lot in Yangmyeong and Fish Type. The case of weakness and coldness of stomach or insufficiency energy of spleen and stomach is found in Bangkwang and Ki Type, the shape of disorder of transfer and transformation of spleen and stomach. The case of severe heat of heart, the functional disorder of kidney meridian and heart meridian(disposition of water ascension and fire descent), heat of blood(the functional disorder of heart), heat by weakness of meridian of Yin is found a lot in Dam, Bird and Shin Type. Limb sweat caused by unspread energy of liver is found a lot in Horse Type. Palm sweat is found a lot in Bird or Yangmyeong Type. Sole sweat is found a lot in Fish or Taeum Type. Jeokbokryung-tang was good especially for type limb hyperhidrosis falling under the shape of the small intestines heat which conforms to the person having a short perpendicular furrow of the upper lip or lifted upper lip. Palmul-tang was good for type limb hyperhidrosis tending to having leaking liquid and humor because of the disorder of transfer of Jung, Ki, Shin, Hyul. Dossipyungwi-san and Hyangsapyungwi-san were good for type limb hyperhidrosis caused by stomach heat by food accumulation and Ki depression.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.45-46
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• 2007

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.495-495
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• 2003

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.60-62
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• 1996

Aureobasidium pullulans produced three kinds of extracellular polyols e.g. glycerol, mannitol, and sorbitol from either sucrose, glucose, fructose or mannose. Sorbitol was selectively produced when urea was used as a sole nitrogen source, and the amounts of sorbitol produced rapidly reached a plateau after 50 h where its maximum quantity was about 20 g/l with sucrose.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.317-322
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• 1986

It was observed that the strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from rhizosphere of rice, capable of utilizing chlorivated hervicides, such as 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetate, 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetate and 3-chlorobenzoate, as sole source of carbon and energy and confirmed that their degrading ability of the herbicides was due to plasmid genes. Characteristics of selected strains such as nitrogenase activity, resistances to antibiotics and heavy metal ion were measured.