• 대기
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.151-162
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• 2011

One-layer solar radiation(GWNU; Gangneung-Wonju National University) model is developed in order to resolve the lack of vertical observations and fast calculation with high resolution. GWNU model is based on IQBAL(Iqbal, 1983) and NREL(National Renewable Energy Laboratory) methods and corrected by precise multi-layer LBL(Line-by-line) model. Input data were used 42 atmospheric profiles from Garand et al.(2001) for calculation of global radiation by the Multi-layer and one-layer solar radiation models. GWNU model has error of about -0.10% compared with LBL model while IQBAL and NREL models have errors of about -3.92 and -2.57%, respectively. Global solar radiation was calculated by corrected GWNU solar model with satellites(MODIS, OMI and MTSAT-1R), RDPS model prediction data in Korea peninsula in 2009, and the results were compared to surface solar radiation observed by 22 KMA solar sites. All models have correlation($R^2$) of 0.91 with the observed hourly solar radiation, and root mean square errors of IQBAL, NREL and GWNU models are 69.16, 69.74 and $67.53W/m^2$, respectively.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2014

Impact by estimation error of hourly horizontal global solar radiation in a weather file on building energy performance was investigated in this study. There are a number of weather parameters in a given weather file, such as dry-bulb, wet-bulb, dew-point temperatures; wind speed and direction; station pressure; and solar radiation. Most of them except for solar radiation can be easily obtained from weather stations located on the sites worldwide. However, most weather stations, also including the ones in South Korea, do not measure solar radiation because the measuring equipment for solar radiation is expensive and difficult to maintain. For this reason, many researchers have studied solar radiation estimation models and suggested to apply them to predict solar radiation for different weather stations in South Korea, where the solar radiation is not measured. However, only a few studies have been conducted to identify the impact caused by estimation errors of various solar radiation models on building energy performance analysis. Therefore, four different weather files using different horizontal global solar radiation data, one using measured global solar radiation, and the other three using estimated global solar radiation models, which are Cloud-cover Radiation Model (CRM), Zhang and Huang Model (ZHM), and Meteorological Radiation Model (MRM) were packed into TRY formatted weather files in this study. These were then used for office building energy simulations to compare their energy consumptions, and the results showed that there were differences in the energy consumptions due to these four different solar radiation data. Additionally, it was found that using hourly solar radiation from the estimation models, which had a similar hourly tendency with the hourly measured solar radiation, was the most important key for precise building energy simulation analysis rather than using the solar models that had the best of the monthly or yearly statistical indices.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2014

Solar applications analysis and building energy performance depend on the quality of the solar resource data available. Unfortunately, most of the weather stations do not measure solar radiation data in Korea, as a reason many researchers have studied different solar radiation estimation models and suggested to apply them to various locations in Korea. In addition, they also studied the impact of hourly global solar radiation on energy performance of an office building by comparing the simulated building energy consumptions using four different weather files, one using measured, and three estimated solar radiation from different models, which are Cloud-cover Radiation Model (CRM), Zhang and Huang Model (ZHM), and Meteorological Radiation Model (MRM), and concluded that there was some impact on energy performance of the building due to the using different solar radiation models. However, the result cannot be applied to all other buildings since the simulated office building for that study only used limited building characteristics such as using fixed values of solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) and window-to-wall ratio (WWR), which are significant parameters related to solar radiation that affect to the building energy consumptions. Therefore, there is a need to identify how the building energy consumption will be changed by varying these building parameters. In this study, the impact of one measured and three estimated global solar radiation on energy performance of the office building was conducted taking account of SHGC and WWR. As a result, it was identified that the impact of four different solar radiation data on energy performance of the office building was evident regardless SHGC and WWR changes, and concluded that the most suitable solar models was changed from the CRM/ZHM to the MRM as SHGC and WWR increases.

• 대기
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.537-550
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• 2019

To analyze the observation environment of solar radiation stations operated by the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA), we analyzed the skyline, Sky View Factor (SVF), and solar radiation due to the surrounding topography and artificial structures using a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), 3D camera, and solar radiation model. Solar energy shielding of 25 km around the station was analyzed using 10 m resolution DEM data and the skyline elevation and SVF were analyzed by the surrounding environment using the image captured by the 3D camera. The solar radiation model was used to assess the contribution of the environment to solar radiation. Because the skyline elevation retrieved from the DEM is different from the actual environment, it is compared with the results obtained from the 3D camera. From the skyline and SVF calculations, it was observed that some stations were shielded by the surrounding environment at sunrise and sunset. The topographic effect of 3D camera is therefore more than 20 times higher than that of DEM throughout the year for monthly accumulated solar radiation. Due to relatively low solar radiation in winter, the solar radiation shielding is large in winter. Also, for the annual accumulated solar radiation, the difference of the global solar radiation calculated using the 3D camera was 176.70 MJ (solar radiation with 7 days; suppose daily accumulated solar radiation 26 MJ) on an average and a maximum of 439.90 MJ (solar radiation with 17.5 days).

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.64-73
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• 2012

The angle of solar panels is calculated using solar radiation model for the efficient solar power generation. In ideal state, the time of maximum solar radiation is represented from 12:08 to 12:40 during a year at Gangneung and it save rage time is12:23. The maximum solar radiation is 1012$W/m^2$ and 708$W/m^2$ inc lear sky and cloudy sky, respectively. Solar radiation is more sensitive to North-South (N-S) slope angle than East-West (E-W) azimuth angle. Daily solar radiation on optimum angle of solar panel is higher than that on horizontal surface except for 90 days during summer. In order to apply to the real atmosphere, the TMY (typical meteorological Year) data which obtained from the 22 solar sites operated by KMA(Korea Meteorological Administration) during 11 years(2000 to 2010) is used as the input data of solar radiation model. The distribution of calculated solar radiation is similar to the observation, except in Andong, where it is overestimated, and in Mokpo and Heuksando, where it is underestimated. Statistical analysis is performed on calculated and observed monthly solar radiation on horizontal surface, and the calculation is overestimated from the observation. Correlationis 0.95 and RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) is10.81 MJ. The result shows that optimum N-S slope angles of solar panel are about $2^{\circ}$ lower than station latitude, but E-W slope angles are lower than ${\pm}1^{\circ}$. There are three types of solar panels: horizontal, fixed with optimum slope angle, and panels with tracker system. The energy efficiencies are on average 20% higher on fixed solar panel and 60% higher on tracker solar panel than compared to the horizontal solar panel, respectively.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.22-28
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• 2011

The surface solar radiations were calculated and analyzed with spatial resolutions (4 km and 1 km) using by GWNU (Gangneung-Wonju National University) solar radiation model. The GWNU solar radiation model is used various data such as aerosol optical thickness, ozone amount, total precipitable water and cloud factor are retrieved from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS), Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), MTSAT-1R satellite data and output of the Regional Data Assimilation Prediction System(RDAPS) model by Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA), respectively. The differences of spatial resolutions were analyzed with input data (especially, cloud factor from MTSAT-1R satellite). And the Maximum solar radiation by GWNU model were found in Andong, Daegu and Jinju regions and these results were corresponded with the MTSAT-1R cloud factor.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2015년도 학술발표회
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• pp.475-478
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• 2015

The objective of this study is to apply a hybrid model for estimating solar radiation and investigate their accuracy. A hybrid model is wavelet-based support vector machines (WSVMs). Wavelet decomposition is employed to decompose the solar radiation time series into approximation and detail components. These decomposed time series are then used as inputs of support vector machines (SVMs) modules in the WSVMs model. Results obtained indicate that WSVMs can successfully be used for the estimation of daily global solar radiation at Champaign and Springfield stations in Illinois.

• 대한설비공학회지:설비저널
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.375-382
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• 1987

Accurate solar radiation data are fundamental to the design of HVAC systems and solar driven devices. Unfortunately, the total radiation data on a horizontal surface has been only reported by meteorological office. Consequently, there is interest in development of model to estimate the solar radiation data. Based on the statistically estimated TAC data which were obtained from measured hourly values collected over a period of ten years at Seoul, the solar radiation model was determined. Atmospheric transmittance for this model was presented in the form of polynominal.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2013

Hourly horizontal global solar radiation has been used as one of significant parameters in a weather file for building energy simulations, which determines the quality of building thermal performance. However, as about twenty two weather stations in Korea have actually measured the horizontal global sola radiation, the weather files collected in other stations requires solar data simulation from the other meteorological parameters. Thus, finding the reliable complicated method that can be used in various weather conditions in Korea is critically important. In this paper, three solar simulation models were selected and evaluated through the reliability test with the simulated hourly horizontal global solar radiation against the actually measured solar data to find the most suitable model for the south east area of Korea. Three selected simulation models were CRM, ZHM, and MRM. The first two models are regression type models using site-fitted coefficients which are derived from the correlation between measured solar data and local meteorological parameters from the previous years, and the last model is a mechanistic type model using the meteorological data to calculate conditions of atmospheric constituents that cause absorption and scattering of the extraterrestrial radiation on the way to the surface on the Earth. The evaluation results show that ZHM is the most reliable model in this area, yet a complicated hybrid simulation methods applying the advantages of each simulation method with the monthly-based weather data is needed.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.439-444
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• 1998

Effects of the number of spans, orientation and latitude on the transmissivities of direct and diffuse solar radiation in multispan glasshouse were analyzed using a computer simulation model (Kim and Lee, 1997). The number of spans did not affect the transmissivity of diffuse solar radiation, ranging 60∼61%. The transmissivities of direct solar radiation were 55∼64% for E-W orientation and 47∼70% for N-S orientation in ten multispan glasshouse. There was no effect of the latitude on the transmissivity of direct solar radiation in domestic regions. Differences in the transmissivity of direct solar radiation between single-span and multispan glasshouse were significant for E-W orientation during winter season; however, those were relatively small for N-S orientation throughout the year. Transmissivity of direct solar radiation decreased with the increasing number of spans for E-W glasshouse, whereas those for N-S glasshouse was hardly affected by the number of spans.