• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.627-637
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• 2010

The consumption of tomato has greatly increased recently in Korea, and a large number of tomato cultivars are commercially available in the market. However, identification of tomato cultivars by morphological traits is extremely difficult because of the narrow genetic diversity of breeding lines. Therefore, it is necessary to develop molecular markers for cultivar identification in tomato. In this study, we surveyed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and developed SNP marker sets for tomato cultivar identification. SNP markers were developed based on conserved ortholog set II (COSII) and intron-based markers derived from pepper EST sequences, and marker polymorphism was tested using high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis. A total of 628 primer sets was tested, and 417 primer sets amplifying single bands were selected. Of the 417 primer sets, 70 primer sets showing HRM polymorphism among 4 inbred lines were selected. Eleven markers were selected from the 70 primer sets and subjected to cultivar identification analysis. Thirty two commercial tomato cultivars were successfully identified using the marker set.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.329-333
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• 2001

The study was performed to investigate the effect of a plug culture method in the early stage of a potato breeding program. The 105, 200 and 288-cell plug trays were used for raising potato seedlings. The % germination in plug trays ranged between 94 and 96%. Percent tuberization measured at 50 and 60, and 70 days after sowing was the greatest in 105-cell and 200-cell trays, respectively. However, tuberization was most delayed in 288-cell trays. Thus, it is considered that 105-cell tray is the most effective for the selection of early maturing plants. Plant maturity was determined by the morphological characteristics at the seedling stage of stolons cultured in plug trays. Most of seedlings with shorter stolons at seedling stage (1st generation) were the early-maturing, while most of seedlings with longer stolons were the late-maturing at the clonal stage (2nd generation). These results mean that the plant maturity in the early potato breeding program can be effectively grouped by observing the morphological characteristics of stolons after plug culture.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.87-95
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• 2002

Disease control activities of the methanol extracts from 27 plant species were investigated against six plant diseases such as rice blast, rice sheath blight, tomato gray mold, tomato late blight, wheat leaf rust and barley powdery mildew. The extracts of Humulus japonicus, Hosta longipes, Liriope platyphylla, and Astragalus membranaceus exhibited a great in vivo control activity against rice blast. Similarly, the extracts of Commelina communis and A. membranaceus were highly active on tomato gray mold and barley powdery mildew, respectively. The extracts of H. longipes, L. platyphylla, Solanum nigrum and A. membranaceus showed especially high disease control activity against wheat leaf rust, and then were selected for further tests such as protective, curative, systemic, and lasting activity against wheat leaf rust. The extracts of L. platyphylla and S. nigrum were strong protectant, and that of A. membranaceus possessed both a preventive activity and a curative activity. Systemic disease control by the selected four plant extracts was investigated by examing translaminar activity from leaf-under-surface to leaf-upper-surface and systemic activity by leaf-to-Ieaf movement. All extracts strongly controlled wheat leaf rust by translaminar movement, but hardly controlled the disease by leaf-to-leaf movement. Good lasting activity was also observed against wheat leaf rust from all of the tested extracts. Especially, disease control experiments on wheat seedlings sprayed with the extracts of S. nigrum or H. longipes 7 days prior to inoculation represented control value over 95%. These results suggest that methanol extracts of H. longipes, L. platyphylla, S. nigrum, and A. membranaceus, especially S. nigrum, would potently control wheat leaf rust caused by Puccinia recondita in the fields.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.12-17
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• 2003

Potato blackleg disease caused by Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica (Eca) has been a serious problem in Korea. Bactericidal activities of twelve bactericides including antibiotics, copper compounds and oxolinic acid were examined in vitro. Streptomycin, streptomycin sulfate, and oxolinic acid effectively controlled the pathogen at 0.02 mM. However, the pathogen developed resistance to the applied bactericides after 72 hours of incubation. Activity of copper compounds such as copper hydroxide, copper oxide and copper sulfate was lower than that of antibiotics. However, the pathogen did not develop resistant to them. Combinations of streptomycin (0.016 mM, 9.3 ppm) + copper oxide (1.2 mM, 171.6 ppm)/copper hydroxide (1.5 mM, 146.3 ppm); streptomycin sulfate (0.005 mM, 7.0 ppm) + copper oxide (1.2 mM, 171.6ppm)/copper hydroxide (1.5 mM, 146.3 ppm) were found to be effective for the control of E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.145-151
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• 2016

This study was carried out to develop the economic thresholds for powdery mildew on eggplant. To investigate the relationship between powdery mildew incidence degree and yield, experimental plots with ten treatments as the initial disease degree were established. Disease severity exhibited negative and significant correlation with fruit weight and number of fruit. There existed close correlation between rate of diseased leaf area and yields in the greenhouse (control with fungicide Y = -36.5X+2938.5 $R^2=0.91$ $r=-0.913^*$, no fungicide: Y = -29.57X+2574.4 $R^2=0.73$ $r=-0.858^*$). There existed close correlation between rate of diseased leaf area and yield loss in the greenhouse (Y = 1.27X-2.4 $R^2=0.88$ $r=0.91^*$). The economic thresholds for powdery mildew on eggplant was below 14.7% rate of diseased leaf area per plant in the greenhouse.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.162-170
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to suggest the raw data on establishing the domestic wetland conservation plan. The results of this study were as follows. The vascular plants were summarized as 201 taxa in Ahnshim wetland; 57 families, 154 genera, 179 species and 22 varieties. The rare and endangered plant designated by Korea Forest Service was Hydorcharis dubia. In the wetland plants, the emerged plants were showed Typha angustata, Beckmannia syzigachne, Zizania latifolia, Phragmites communis, Persicaria thunbergii, Oenanthe javanica and Veronica undulata, and the submerged plants were Potamogeton crispus, Vallisneria asiatica, Hydrilla verticillata, Ceratophyllum demersum and Myriophyllum verticillatum. And the floating leaved plants were confirmed Potamogeton distinctus, Hydrocharis dubia, Nelumbo nucifera and Nymphoides peltata, and the floating plants were Salvinia natans, Spirodela polyrhiza and Lemna paucicostata. The naturalized plants were 33 taxa; Avena fatua, Dactylis glomerata, Rumex crispus, Rumex conglomeratus, Amaranthus retroflexus, Lepidium apetalum, Tlaspi arvense, Descurainia pinnata, Potentilla supina, Vicia villosa, Robinia pseruo-acacia, Amorpha fruticosa, Trifolium repens, Medicago sativa, Ailanthus altissima, Euphorbia supina, Oenothera lamarckiana, Quamoclit angulata, Ipomoea purpurea, Solanum nigrum, Veronica perisca, Helianthus tuberosus, Ambrosia artemisifolia var. elatior, Xanthium strumarium, Erigeron annuus, Erigeron canadensis, Conyza sumatrensis, Senecio vulgaris, Bidens frondosa, Tagetes minuta, Taraxacum officinale, Taraxacum laevigatum and Sonchus oleraceus.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 1999

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL; EC 4, 3, 1, 5) genomic clones were isolated from tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum L.) genomic DNA libraries using tomato PAL5 cDNA sequences as probes. The nucleotide sequences of tPAL1, tPAL4 and tPAL5 were compared. tPAL5 contains an open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 722 amino acids, interrupted by a 710 bp intron in the codon for the amino acid 139. tPAL1 encodes a polypeptide of 249 amino acids which is much shorter than tPAL5 gene due to a premature stop codon and does not contain an intron. tPAL4 encodes a polypeptide of 357 amino acids, interrupted by a 305 bp intron in the codon for the amino acid 138. Premature stop codons observed in tPAL1 and tPAL4 gene produce a short polypeptide rather than a normal polypeptide (722 aa). tPALl shows 87.2% homology with tPAL4 and 85.3% homology with tPAL5 gene whereas tPAL4 showes 91.4% homology with tPAL5 at nucleotide level. In general, phylogenetic analysis showed that genes isolated from tomato, potato, and sweet potato were belong to the same group and another dicot plants such as parsley, bean, soybean, pea and alfalfa formed another group. PAL genes isolated from rice and yeast showed very low homology with other PAL genes and formed the other group.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.63-68
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• 2008

Single-node stem pieces ca. 1 cm in length containing a axillary bud were obtained from in vitro plants of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). The influences by a position of the node and the existence of a leaf at the node were observed in the single-node culture on the 8% sucrose MS medium. The effect of CCC was also investigated for the microtuberization. The apical part node was excellent in the tuberization not to mention shoot length, fresh weight, diameter, the number of node on the in vitro culture of a single-node than the lower part. The differences in the diameter of a tuber formed in the part of the axillary bud on all treatments including the cultivation of the apical part node were not recognized. However, the fresh weight of the tuber showed high value in the tuber formed at the axillary bud of shoot apex part. At 20 days after cultivation, tuberization was promoted in the new stolen that developed from the bud of node with a leaf under SD condition of 8 hours at $20^{\circ}C$. The tuberization from axillary bud of the single-node without leaf was inhibited at high temperature of $28^{\circ}C$ regardless of daylength. Whereas, tuberization at $20^{\circ}C$ and $28^{\circ}C$ was similar without the difference under SD condition but the tuber formation ratio were low. CCC 500 mg/L promoted tuberization and the effect was also showed even under LD condition at $28^{\circ}C$. The inhibiton of tuberization under LD and high temperature condition could be solved by treatment with CCC.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.183-190
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• 2007

308 isolates of Ampelomyces quisqualis were isolated from powdery mildew fungi of 73 plant species in Korea from 1994 to 2004. Among them, the new mycohosts and new plant hosts of A. quisqualis were found in 13 species of powdery mildew fungi in 38 species of plant. The new hosts of A. quisqualis were Erysiphe heraclei on Heracleum moellenderfii; E. hommae on Elsholtzia splendins; E. glycines on Glycine max; E. lespedezae on Lespedeza biclor; E. pileae on Pilea mongolica; E. pisi on Phaseolus radiatus; E. polygoni on Rumex aquatica and Rumex crispus; Golovinomyce artemisiae on Artemisia princeps var. orientalis; G. cichoracearum on Rudbeckia laciniata var. hortensis; G. rubiae on Rubia akane; Oidium sp. on Valeriana fauriei, Lactuca indica var. laciniata, Carpesium triste var. manshuricum, Aster ageratoides var. turczaninow, Lufa cylindrica, Ixeris demtats Nakai, Phlox paniculata, Bidens bipinnata and Pathenocissus tricuspidata; Microsphaera alphitoides on Quercus aliema, M. pseudolonicerae on Cocculus trilobos; Podosphaera sp. on Ligustrum obtusifolium; Sphaerotheca aphanisi on Fragaria ananassa; S. balsaminae on Impatiens textori; S. fusca on Cucurbita pepo, Cucurbita maxima, Ligularia fischeri, Solanum melongena, Lagenaria leucantha, Cucumis melo var. makuwa, Acalypha australis, Cosmos bipinnatus and Aster scaber; Uncinuliella simulans on Rosa muliflora and Uncinula australiana on Lagerstroemia indica.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.99-109
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• 2000

This experiment was conducted to investigate the changes of rate of infected common scab and yield characteristics of fall potato(Solanum tuberosum L.) where green manual crops had been previously cultivated, crushed and tilled and P\ulcornerE transparent vinyl film had been mulched and tunneled to solar heating of soil from May 21. 1998 to July 28. 1998. The total yields of green manual crops which had been previousely cultivated were as followed order : pioneer 855F(64.3MT/ha), soybean(25.0MT/ha), red clover and orchardgrass. The average below-ground temperature at the depths of 5, 10 and 20cm were 54, 45 and 44$^{\circ}C$ during the mulching period, respectively The rate of infected area per potato tuber of common scab decreased by solar heating the soils with mulching after the soybean and red clover cultivation as with previous croppings. Plant height, SPAD(soil plant analysis development) reading, fresh weight of stems, and fall potato's tuber yields tended to increase by the cultivation of green manual crops and mulching of P\ulcornerE film. Fall potato's tuber yields were remarkably affected in the plot of soybean, red clover and pioneer 855F+cultivation of fall potato. T-N, K and Ca contents of fall potato(stem and tuber) also tended to increase by the cultivation of green manual crops and mulching of P\ulcornerE film. T-N, K and Ca contents of soil tended to increase after the cultivation of green manual crops and mulching of P\ulcornerE film and then reduced to contents of soil before green manual planting after potato harvesting.