• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2023

지중 매설관 거동은 주변 지반의 비선형성과 복합거동 특성의 영향을 직접적으로 받게 되나, 실무에서는 지반의 복잡한 거동 특성을 단순화한 보-스프링 모델이 현재까지도 널리 활용되고 있다. 따라서, 연구 분야에서는 지반의 비선형 특성과 복합거동 특성을 반영하기 위한 연속체해석 방법을 활용하려는 다양한 연구들이 진행되어 왔고, 본 논문에서도 기존에 연구된 다양한 연속체 해석기법을 활용하여 수치해석을 수행하고, 변위-반력 결과 및 지반파괴 형상을 기존 실대형시험 결과와 비교·검토하였다. 지반과 매설관의 상호작용을 적용한 접촉면 특성을 적용한 경우, 실대형시험에 근접한 반력 결과를 도출할 수 있음을 확인하였으며, 실대형 시험과 유사한 파괴 형상도 확인하였다. 지반과 매설관의 상호작용을 무시한 매설관과 지반 절점 공유 방법의 경우, 과도한 반력 값을 도출하고, 파괴양상도 상이하였다. 또한, 대변형 해석에서 수렴성이 좋은 동적해석 explicit 방법, ALE 방법, CEL 방법을 각각 적용한 결과, 정적해석과 유사한 변위-반력 관계 및 파괴 형상이 확인되어, 향후 지반분야 대변형 해석에서 동적해석법도 충분히 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단하였다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2014

PURPOSES : This paper evaluates, using LS/DYNA-3D software, the vehicle impact performance of flexible barriers made of steel W-Beam supported by four different types of post configurations. These types include circular post, H-shape post, C-shape post, and square post. METHODS : The post-soil interaction has been investigated according to different impact angles. For this purpose, energy absorption, maximum displacements of post and rail, and occupant risk index of THIV have been compared each other. The three dimensional soil material model, instead of the conventional spring model based on Winkler and p-y curve, has been used to increase the correctness of computational model. RESULTS : It is noted the crash energy absorption has been increased with respect to the increase of impact angle. CONCLUSIONS : In particular, a post with open section(H-shape, C-shape) shows the greater crash energy absorption capability as compared with a post with closed section under the same level of impact conditions.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2000년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Spring
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• pp.357-366
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• 2000

Longitudinal dynamic behaviors of a bridge system under seismic excitations are examined with various magnitudes of peak ground accelerations. The stiffness degradation due to abutment-soil interaction is considered in the bridge model which may play the major role upon the global dynamic characteristics. The idealized mechanical model for the whole ridge system is proposed by adopting the multiple-degree-of-freedom system which can consider components such as pounding phenomena friction at the movable supports rotational and translational motions of foundations and the nonlinear pier motions. The abutment-soil interaction is simulated by utilizing the one degree-of-freedom system with nonlinear spring. The stiffness degradation of the abutment-soil system is found to increase the relative displacement under moderate seismic excitations.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 1997년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Fall 1997
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• pp.241-248
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• 1997

The super-structure in a soil-structure interaction analysis is commonly idealized as lumped parameter system. In this study, the complex shear wall structure is modeled using three different kinds of modeling techniques : 1) full FEM comparatively as an exact solution, 2)equivalent shear spring model assuming mainly shear deformations of the wall, 3) equivalent beam-stick model made by independent static analysis. Dynamic characteristics due to three different modeling methods are compared and investigated before performing structural response analysis. The beam-stick model in comparison to shear spring model gives closer dynamic responses when compared with the full FEM, even though it requires additional unit load static analyses.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2017

PURPOSES : This paper presents a finite element model to accurately represent the soil-post interaction of single guardrail posts in sloping ground. In this study, the maximum lateral resistance of a guardrail post has been investigated under static and dynamic loadings, with respect given to several parameters including post shape, embedment depth, ground inclination, and embedment location of the steel post. METHODS : Because current analytical methods applied to horizontal ground, including Winkler's elastic spring model and the p-y curve method, cannot be directly applied to sloping ground, it is necessary to seek an alternative 3-D finite element model. For this purpose, a 3D FHWA soil model for road-base soils, as constructed using LS-DYNA, has been adopted to estimate the dynamic behavior of single guardrail posts using the pendulum drop test. RESULTS : For a laterally loaded guardrail post near slopes under static and dynamic loadings, the maximum lateral resistance of a guardrail post has been found to be reduced by approximately 12% and 13% relative to the static analysis and pendulum testing, respectively, due to the effects of ground inclination. CONCLUSIONS : It is expected that the proposed soil material model can be applied to guardrail systems installed near slopes.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.1101-1111
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• 2018

This study aims to present accurate soil modeling and validation of a single roadside guardrail post as well as a single concrete pile installed near cut slopes or compacted sloping embankment. The conventional Winkler's elastic spring model and p-y curve approach for horizontal ground cannot directly be applied to sloping ground where ultimate soil resistance is significantly dependent on ground inclination. In this study, both grid-based 3-D FE model and particle-based SPH (smoothed particle hydrodynamics) model available in LS-DYNA have been adopted to predict the static behavior of a laterally loaded guardrail post. The SPH model has potential to eliminate any artificial soil stiffness due to the deterioration of the node-connected Lagrangian soil mesh. For this purpose, this study comprises two parts. Firstly, only 3-D FE modeling has been tested to show the numerical validity for a single concrete pile in sloping ground using Mohr-Coulomb material. However, this material option cannot be implemented for SPH elements. Nevertheless, Mohr-Coulomb model has been used since this material model requires six input soil data that can be obtained from the comparative papers in literatures. Secondly, this work is extended to compute the lateral resistance of a guardrail post located near the slope using the hybrid approach that combines Lagrange FE elements and SPH elements by the suitable node-merging option provided by LS-DYNA. For this analysis, the FHWA soil material developed for application to road-base soils has been used and also allows the application of SPH element.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.243-251
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 골조튜브 및 가새튜브시스템의 60층 철골구조물에 말뚝-지반간의 상대변위를 고려한 p-y 스프링 계수를 지반의 깊이별로 적용시키는 방법과, 지반 및 기초를 나타내는 6개의 선형 스프링 계수를 구조물 하부에 적용시키는 방법을 사질토와 점성토에 적용하여 지반 연성을 고려하는 고층 구조물의 지진해석을 수행하였다. 각 경우에 대한 횡변위 및 층간변위, 최대응력, 주기 및 1차 모드 질량참여율을 비교하여 지반-구조물 상호작용에 따른 고층 구조물의 거동을 분석하였고, 그 결과 건축구조설계에서 지반-구조물의 상호작용에 대한 고려가 중요 변수임을 확인하고, 구조시스템 변화에 따른 지반-구조물 상호작용의 영향을 알아보았다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to identify how much the MODIS NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) can explain the forest soil moisture simulated from SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model. For ChungjuDam watershed ($6,661.3\;km^2$) which covers 82.2% of forest, the SWAT model was calibrated for four years (2003-2006) at two locations of the watershed using daily streamflow data and was verified for three years (2000-2002) with average Nash and Sutcliffe model efficiencies of 0.69 and 0.75 respectively. For the period from March to June, the average spatial correlation between 16 days composite MODIS NDVI and the corresponding SWAT forest soil moisture was 0.90. The two variables averaged for each data set during that period showed an inverse relation with the average coefficient of determination of 0.55.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제30권12호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 기존 근사해석 프로그램의 간편함을 유지하면서 보다 정밀성이 확보된 3차원 근사해석기법(YS-MAT)을 개발하였다. 전면기초는 6개의 자유도를 가진 평면쉘 요소로 모델링하여 기초의 연성거동을 고려할 수 있도록 하였으며, 지반스프링의 상호작용을 고려할 수 있도록 하였다. 기존의 해석기법, 유한요소해석 및 현장계측값과의 비교 분석 결과, 본 해석기법이 대단면 전면기초의 침하 거동을 비교적 정확히 산정하는 것으로 판단되며, 이러한 검증을 토대로 실제 전면기초 예비설계에 적용 가능함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제67권3호
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• pp.311-316
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• 2018

Vibration of concrete beams reinforced by agglomerated silicon dioxide ($SiO_2$) nanoparticles is studied based on numerical methods. The structure is simulated by Euler-Bernoulli beam model and the Mori-Tanaka model is used for obtaining the effective material properties of the structure. The concrete beam is located in soil medium which is modeled by spring elements. The motion equations are derived based on energy method and Hamilton's principle. Based on exact solution, the frequency of the structure is calculated. The effects of different parameters such as volume percent of $SiO_2$ nanoparticles and agglomeration, soil medium and geometrical parameters of beam are shown on the frequency of system. The results show that with increasing the volume percent of $SiO_2$ nanoparticles, the frequency increases.