• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.104-111
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• 2017

As carcass disposal is increasing widely in Republic of Korea, there is a need to comprehensively analyze the impacts and subsequent damages of carcass disposal. Especially, since environmental policy aims to not only reduce environmental damages, but also enhance overall sustainability, we apply the concept of environmental welfare to assess the comprehensive impact of carcass disposal, especially focusing on the rural area. In specific, assessment criteria were suggested based on the four categories related to environmental welfare, which were 'environmental quality', 'level of environmental service', 'environmental safety', and 'participation, openness to public, and communication'. The results showed negative impacts of carcass disposal in environmental, social and economical elements. Overall decrease in environmental quality negatively impacts the other elements of environmental welfare. Furthermore, there were discrepancies of level of impacts and damages among stakeholder. In the end, we suggest critical elements that need to be applied in relevant policies and regulation to promote effective carcass disposal management.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가시화정보학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.92-95
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• 2006

The global environment is deteriorating at an alarming rate despite of enhanced international environmental regulation. Many studies have been performed to reduce pollutants. Recently, phytoremediation, plant-based technology for the removal of toxic contaminants from soil, water, and air, has been receiving large attention. Arsenic-contaminated soil is one of the major pollutant sources fur drinking water. The fern brake (Pteris erotica) has been reported as a hyper-accumulate arsenic from soils. In this study, we investigated the arsenic absorption effect on sap flow inside xylem vessels of a fern brake. The synchrotron X-ray micro-imaging technique was employed to monitor flow inside the plant non-invasively. The captured phase-contrast X-ray images show both anatomy and transport of water inside the fern brake. The refilling process of water containing arsenic inside the xylem vessels of fern brake's leaves and stems was clearly observed. These results would provide important information needed fur understanding the mechanisms of accumulation, translocation, and transformation of toxic materials in plants.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.9-27
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• 2018

In recent years, the sales of bottled spring water (BSW) have been drastically increasing in Korea and other countries, which accompanied great interests in conservation and reclamation of natural mineral water (NMW). In this study, management and research activities on NMW in Europe, USA, and Codex Alimentarius were reviewed. In each region, NMW is regulated with its own quality standards that differ from ordinary drinking water, and management actions are strictly implemented to protect water resources and to secure quality of NMW. Many studies on NMW were carried out for monitoring inorganic constituents including major and trace elements in national levels for bottled NMW, groundwater, and tap water in other countries. In Korea, NMW became commercialized in 1995 when BSW was legally approved as a drinking water. To further promote utilization of various types of NMW in Korea, regulations and policies for NMW need to be revised in accordance with international NMW management trends. Further, studies of NMW that compile a comprehensive set of physical and chemical parameters of NMW are also needed to properly understand occurrences, hydrogeological and geochemical processes of NMW, as well as to evaluate its potential use as a natural resource.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.46-60
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• 1997

본 연구는 인공지반 녹화에 적합한 수종의 선정과 식재기법을 도출하는데 목적이 있으며, 실험식재와 사례조사이 두가지 방법으로 진행되었다. 실험식재를 토한 자연토양과 인공토양의 수목생육상태 관찰결과 두 지역의 생육이 비슷하거나 인공토양에서 더 양호하게 나타났다. 인공토양 식새지에서 생육상태가 더 좋게 나타난 수종은 옥상실험구에서는 서약측백, 살구나무, 단풍나무, 불두화, 회양목, 지하주차장 상부 실험구에서는 수수꽃다리, 무궁화, 자산홍이었다. 인공토양의 토층별 수목생육상태 관찰결과 관목은 토층에 따른 새육상의 차이가 거의 없어, 토층 30cm에 관목식재가 가능한 것으로 판단되었고, 또한 교목식재지는 45~60cm 토층의 인공토양으로 조성하여도 수목생육이 가능함을 알 수있었다. 인공지반 조경녹화지역 사례분석결과 수도권 지역에서는 감나무, 무궁화, 수수꽃다리, 목련, 신나무, 희말채나무, 남부지역에서는 남천, 주목, 꽝꽝나무, 아왜나무, 식나무, 사철나무가 인공토양을 사용한 인공지반에 적합수종으로 분석되었고 그 밖에 향나무, 느티나무, 가이즈까향나무 등은 지역에 관계없이 적정수종을 판단되었다. 인공지반 녹화공간의 관리는 건조가 장기화 될 경우 관수를 해야 하며 또한 연 1회 이상의 시비가 수목 생육에 유리한 것으로 추정되었다. 또한 본 연구를 통하여 인공지반 녹화와 관련한 토심규정 세분화와 조경면적으로의 인정기준 등 관련법규 개정방안을 제안하였다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.368-376
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• 2010

암반의 심도가 얕은 국내지반에서는 푸팅을 사용하지 않는 벤트기초가 매우 경제적인 공법이다. 현장타설말뚝을 이용한 벤트기초공법은 탄성설계로 제한하여 설계를 수행하여 왔으나, 도로교 설계기준에서 제시하는 소성설계를 적용하는 경우 소성힌지 발생지점이 지중에 위치하여 유지관리가 불가하고 소성힌지부에 적용하는 심부구속 철근의 간격 및 보강범위에 대한 기준 제정이 필요하다. 또한 지반의 소성 거동을 모델링 하는 것은 구조 해석시 실무적으로 매우 어려움이 많아 정밀한 해석이 필요하지 않는 경우에 대한 근사 해석법 제시가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 직경 1m의 현장타설말뚝을 사질토지반에 시공하여 지상 4m 높이에서 반복 재하시험을 수행하여 지반 및 말뚝의 거동을 파악하였으며, 기둥으로서의 거동을 함께 파악하였다. 소성힌지를 지상부에 유도하기 위하여 직경을 변화시키거나, 지중에 강관을 삽입하는 방법을 적용하였으며, 실험결과에 대하여 선형탄성 및 p-y 곡선등 다양한 예측방법과 교량에 대한 모의 설계를 통하여 지반 모델링 방법에 따른 해석결과를 비교하였으며, 실무적으로 적용할 수 있는 설계기준을 제시하였다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2018

Despite of safety issues related to radiological hazards, 31 countries around the world are operating more than 450 nuclear power plants (NPPs). To operate NPPs safely, safety regulations from radiation protection organizations were developed and adopted in many countries. However, many cases of radionuclide releases at foreign NPPs have been reported. Almost all commercial NPPs routinely release radioactive materials to the surrounding environments as liquid and gas phases under control. These releases are called 'planned releases' which are planned, regularly monitored, and well documented. Meanwhile, the releases focused in this review, called 'unplanned releases', are neither planned nor monitored by regulatory and/or protection organizations. NPPs are generally composed of various structures, systems and components (SSCs) for safety. Among them, the SSCs near reactors are closely related to safety of NPPs, and typically fabricated to comply with stringent requirements. However, some non-safety related SSCs such as underground pipes may be constructed only according to commercial standards, causing the leakage of radioactive fluids usually containing tritium ($^3H$). This paper discusses SSCs of NPPs and introduces several cases of unplanned releases at foreign NPPs. The current regulation on the environmental radiological surveillance and assessment around the NPPs in South Korea are also examined.

• 환경정책연구
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.31-57
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• 2004

Attempts were made to compare and analyze the policies of the United States, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Germany and Denmark concerning Korea's major problems associated with legal liability of the contaminated sites. These countries were chosen from a feasible preliminary analysis of 18 countries of the EU and the U. S. The major problems were revealed based on the analysis of Korean legacy and legislation, which are summarized as follows i) lack of clear detailed technical and legal guidance to determine the responsible party or parties of contaminated sites, ii) no distinction between the strict and non strict legal liability of innocent land owners, iii) no clearly set limit on retroactive legal liability. Comparison of the policies of countries chosen suggested improvements regarding these major problems as follows: i) activating national and international research on soil contamination prevention policy, ii) arranging distinct legal regulation between strict and non strict liability criteria, iii) establishing the limits on innocent and non strict liability, iv) establishing methodology and process of legal liability distribution and compensation, and v) establishing a legal process to redeem any benefit derived from remediation of contaminated sites with the public budget. Our policy suggestions above are not yet conclusive due to a lack of policy implementation simulation. Additional research is needed on aspects of social, economic and long term effects of the proposed policy directions. Nevertheless, application of the policy suggestions of this research would increase the efficacy of Korean policy regarding the survey and remediation of the potentially contaminated sites.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.785-790
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the hazards from onions and their cultivation areas. A total of 32 samples were collected from onion farms and tested for biological (sanitary indicators, and pathogenic bacteria and fungi) and chemical (heavy metals and pesticide residues) hazards. Aerobic bacteria and coliforms were detected at a level of 0.2-7.1 log CFU/g (or mL) in the soil and agricultural water, 1.6-3.6 log CFU/g on surface of the onion, 0.0-6.0 log CFU/hand (or $cm^2$) on the workers' hands, clothes, and gloves, and 4.7 log $CFU/cm^2$ on the onion bags. Fungi were detected at a level of 0.0-5.0 log CFU/g (or mL, hand, or 100 $cm^2$) in all the samples. Staphylococcus aureus was detected at a level of 1.2 log CFU/hand on the workers' hands, the detection level of Bacillus cereus was up to 4.8 log CFU/g in the soil. However, Escherichia coli (and in particular strain O157:H7), Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella spp. were not detected. Although heavy metals were detected in the environment (in soil and agricultural water) and pesticide residues were detected in onion, the levels were lower than the regulation limits.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 1999년도 추계 학술대회지
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• pp.145-167
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• 1999

Our self-sufficiency of food has become less than $30{\%}$ and our nation is highly dependant on world's grain market for food. which is unstable in long term due to the world population growth faster than food production. Therefore, it is a great possibility that food might become a political weapon by way of its global shortage. its purchasing difficulty in international free trade market. and the resultant price rising. Our maximal capability of food production has become the most outstanding problem in the dimension of future food security. It would be the utmost scheme for maximal production of food to realize the maximal utilization of arable land through the enlargement of sufficient farming land and the conversion of rotation system for the more grain production. Extensional enlargement of arable land can be positively executed through the development of farming land in domestic and abroad countries. The readjustment of arable land and the installation or irrigation and drainage system can enforce the farming basement for maximal utilization of arable land through the improved rotation between paddy and upland. The prevention policy against farming land encroachment should be strictly executed through grain production encouragement on resting or marginal lands and regulation of utilization conversion for the other than food production on high grade farming lands. It is also required urgently to develope high yielding and high quality varieties through advanced genetic technology for the improvement of unit area yield, especially of wheat, corn. and soybean we import in large quantity The maximal utilization of arable land for the highest production of food can be realized through rational rotation system, the most adaptable crop cultivation on the suitable land, and the most optimal fertilization through the GIS analysis of agricultural environment information on the basis of the computerized soil resource data on super detailed soil maps(1:5000) surveyed plot by plot of whole nation.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2001년도 정기총회 및 제3회 특별지포지움
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• pp.57-74
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• 2001

유류오염 토양${\cdot}$지하수의 위해성은 널리 알려져 있다. 따라서 오염부지에 대한 조사 및 복원방법도 많이 개발되어 적용되고 있다. 그러나 유류는 그 종류가 다양하고 지중에 스며들면 그 성분들이 휘발, 흡착, 용해, 생분해 그리고 지하수 유동에 따른 확산 등 다양한 기작에 의해서 거동하게 되므로, 조사와 공법 적용 시에는 이에 대한 충분한 이해가 필요하다. 따라서 부지조사시 조사항목의 선정은 물론이고 오염성분 및 농도조사를 위한 시료 채취과정도 매우 중요하다. 또한 공법 선정과 설계 시에는 오염성분의 종류와 농도 외에도, 지층의 구성과 부지의 입지특성 등을 세밀히 파악하고, 관계법령의 숙지, 그리고 복원공사 실시 후 발생할 수 있는 문제의 검토에 이르기까지 체계적인 관찰이 필요하다. 본 고에서는 부지조사방법과 복원공법 선정과정에 대해서 실제 공사 사례를 인용하여 서술하였다.