• 제목/요약/키워드: Soil minerals

검색결과 413건 처리시간 0.028초

고양시 고봉산에 발달한 소규모 습지에 관한 연구 (A Study on the small Gobong Wetlands in Goyang City)

  • 문현숙
    • 동굴
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    • 제67호
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    • pp.43-51
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    • 2005
  • 본 연구는 수문지형학적 관점에서 고봉동습지를 연구하였다. 고봉산의 남서쪽에 위치한 습지는 산지의 개석과 심층풍화의 영향을 많이 받은 곳이다. 지질적으로는 호상편마암에 속하는 지역이다. 3개 사면으로 부터 지하수 및 지표수를 공급받으며, 습지수원의 대부분은 지하수이다. 습지 지역은 지하수면과 가까이 발달하고 있다. 토양적 조건은 습지 발달에 유리하다. 장석과 운모의 점토광물화로 인하여 습지수의 저류성을 높여주기 때문이다.

부산점토의 특성 : 녹산지역 점토 퇴적물의 광물조성과 토질 (The Properties of Pusan Clay : Soil and Mineralogy of Clay Sediments in Noksan Area, Nakdong River Estuary)

  • 이선갑;김성욱;황진연;정성교
    • 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국지반공학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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    • pp.741-746
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    • 2003
  • The foundation of Noksan area is composed of consolidified sediments including clay mineral, quartz, plagioclase and calcite. The mineral compositions vary dependent on the depth. That is, at the depth of 0-15 meters quartz and plagioclase are more abundant than clay mineral, at the depth of 17-39 meters clay minerals and calcite are more than quartz and plagioclase, at the depth deeper than 40 meters, the amounts of quartz and plagioclase increase slightly and that of clay minerals decrease. Clay minerals of the clayey sediments include illite, smectite, kaolinite and chlorite. At the depth 17-39 meters smectite is abundant and kaolinite is little relatively The pH of suspension is various between 3-9 and decrease to 3-5 at the depth deeper than 40 meters. The result of soil test of clay sediments, water content shows that liquid limit, plastic limit, particle size, unconfined compressive strength varies depending on the depth. The variation of mineralogical, geochemical, engineering properties of soil with the depth are probably due the differing sediments of different sedimentary environment. That is, these variations are considered to be correlated with the sedimentary environment change resulting from the change from continental environment to ocean environment due to the transgression of the interglacial period after the regression the latest glacial period.

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Fundamental study on volume reduction of heavy metal-contaminated soil by magnetic separation

  • Konishi, Yusuke;Akiyama, Yoko;Manabe, Yuichiro;Sato, Fuminobu
    • 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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    • 제22권2호
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2020
  • Large-scale civil engineering works discharge a large amount of soil suspension contaminated with natural heavy metals. Most of the heavy metal ions due to industrial activities and minings are accumulated in the soils and the sediments of lakes and inner bays through the rivers. It is necessary to remove heavy metals from the soils and the sediments, because some of these heavy metals, such as arsenic and cadmium, have significant biological effects even in small amounts. This study proposes a new volume reduction method of the contaminated soils and sediments by superconducting magnetic separation. Our process can remove the specific minute minerals selectively, which adsorbs heavy metals depending on pH. As a fundamental study, the adsorption behaviors of arsenic and cadmium on minute minerals as a function of pH were investigated, and the adsorption mechanism was discussed based on the crystal structure and pH dependence of surface potential in each minute minerals.

Hexane 용액중(溶液中)에서 점토용물(粘土鏞物)에 의(依)한 PCP 흡착(吸着) (Adsorption of Pentachlorophenol (PCP) on Clay Minerals from Hexane Solution)

  • 최정
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제7권3호
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    • pp.141-145
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    • 1974
  • Hexane 용액중(溶液中)에서 점토광물(粘土鑛物)에 의한 PCP 흡착실험(吸着實驗)을 행(行)하여 점토표면(粘土表面)에서의 PCP의 상태(狀態)를 조사(調査)하였다. PCP는 수용액(水溶液)에서 보다 Hexane 용액(溶液)에서 더욱 많은 양(量)이 점토(粘土)에 흡착(吸着)된다. 점토광물중(粘土鑛物中)에서도 규반비(珪礬比)가 약(約)1인 Allophane과 Imogolite가 가장 많은 PCP를 흡착(吸着)하며, 이 흡착현상(吸着現象)은 PCP와 점토광물간(粘土鑛物間)의 dipole-dipole interaction에 의하여 일어난다. Hexane 용액(溶液)에서 PCP가 점토광물(粘土鑛物)에 의하여 흡착(吸着)될 때는 점토광물(粘土鑛物)의 전표면적(全表面積)보다 표면성질(表面性質) 및 교환성(交煥性) 양(陽) ion에 의(依)하여 흡착량(吸着量)이 좌우(左右)되었다.

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생물학적 칼슘화에 의해 생성된 CaCO3 광물의 정량분석 방법 비교 평가 (Comparative Assessment of Quantitative Methods determining the Amount of Calcium Carbonate Minerals derived from Biocalcification)

  • 안창민;배영신;함종헌;천승규;김창균
    • 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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    • 제18권5호
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2013
  • This study was performed to develop a method for quantitative analysis obtaining the amount of calcium carbonate minerals formed when Ca salts biomimetically reacted with carbon dioxide. There were two methods compared; 1) volumetric calcimeter method that determining the amount of released carbon dioxide after calcium carbonate minerals were acidified by 4N HCl and 2) Thermogravimetry-Differential Thermal Analysis (TG-DTA) adopting differential decomposition temperature breaking-up the structural link within calcium carbonate minerals. The comparisons were made by batch experiment (i.e., biocalcification process) along with control (i.e., nominal concentration of $CaCO_3$ prepared). For the control, TG-DTA took a minor root mean square deviation (RMSD) of 1.1~5.9 mg, whereas volumetric calcimeter exposed a greater RMSD of 28.3 mg. For the biocalcification, the amount of $CaCO_3$ was more precisely obtained for TG-DTA rather than that of volumetric calcimeter. It was decided that TG-DTA was more successfully used for quantitative analysis to observe the amount of calcium carbonate minerals derived from biocalcification.

공주제일광산 수계에 분포하는 지하수, 지표수, 토양 및 퇴적물의 환경지구화학적 특성과 중금속 오염 (Environmental Geochemistry and Heavy Matel Contamination of Ground and Surface Water, Soil and Sediment at the Kongjujuil Mine Creek, Korea)

  • 이찬희
    • 자원환경지질
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    • 제32권6호
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    • pp.611-631
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    • 1999
  • Enviromental geochemisty and heary metal contamination at the Kongjueil mine creek were underaken on the basis of physicohemical properties and mineralogy for various kinds of water (surface, mine and ground water),soil, precipitate and sediment collected of April and December in 1998. Hydrgeochemical composition of the water samples are characterized by relatively significant enricant of Ca+Na, alkiali ions $NO_3$ and Cl inground and surfore water, wheras the mine waters are relatively eneripheral water of the mining creek have the characteristics of the (Ca+Mg)-$(HCO_3+SO_4)$type. The pH of the mine water is high acidity (3.24)and high EC (613$\mu$S/cm)compared with those of surface and ground water. The range of $\delta$D and $\delta^{18}O$ values (relative to SMOW) in the waters are shpwn in -50.2 to -61.6% and -7.0 to -8.6$\textperthousand$(d value=5.8 to 8.7). Using computer program, saturation index of albite, calcite, dolomite in mine water are nearly saturated. The gibbiste, kaolinite and smectite are superaturated in the surface and ground water, respectively. Calculated water-mineral reaction and stabilities suggest that weathing of silicate minerals may be stable kaolinite owing to the continuous water-rock reaction. Geochemical modeling showed that mostly toxic heavy metals may exist larfely in the from of metal-sulfate $(MSO_4\;^2)$and free metal $(M^{2+})$ in nmine water. These metals in the ground and surface water could be formed of $CO_3$ and OH complex ions. The average enrichment indices of water samples are 2.72 of the groundwater, 2.26 of the surface water and 14.15 of the acid mine water, normalizing by surface water composition at the non-mining creek, repectively. Characteristics of some major, minor and rate earth elements (Al/Na, K/Na, V/Ni, Cr/V, Ni/Co, La/Ce, Th/Yb, $La_N/Yb_N$, Co/Th, La/Sc and Sc/Th) in soil and sediment are revealed a narrow range and homogeneous compositions may be explained by acidic to intermediate igneous rocks. And these suggested that sediment source of host granitic gneiss colud be due to rocks of high grade metamorphism originated by sedimentary rocks. Maximum concentrations of environmentally toxic elements in sediment and soil are Fe=53.80 wt.% As=660, Cd=4, Cr=175, Cu=158, Mn=1010, Pb=2933, Sb=4 and Zn=3740 ppm, and extremely high concentrations are found are found in the subsurface soil near the ore dump and precipitates. Normalizing by composition of host granitic gneiss, the average enerichment indices are 3.72 of the sediments, 3.48 of the soils, 10.40 of the precipitates of acid mine drainage and 6.25 of the soils near the main adit. The level of enerichment was very severe in mining drainage sediments, while it was not so great in the soils. mineral composition of soil and sediment near the mining area were partly variable being composed of quartz, mica, feldspar, chlorite, vermiculite, bethierin and clay minerals. reddish variable being composed of quartz, mica, feldspar, chlorite, vermiculite, bethierin and clay minerals. Reddish brown precipitation mineral in the acid mine drainage identifies by schwertmanite. From the separated mineralgy, soil and sediment are composed of some pyrite, arsenopyite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena, malachite, goethite and various kinds of hydroxied minerals.

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제주도(濟州道) 산록(山麓)의 분석구(噴石丘)에서 발달(發達)된 노로통과 미악통 토양(土壤)의 광물학적(鑛物學的) 특성(特性) (Mineralogical Characteristics of the Noro and Miag Series Soils Developed on the Cinder Cones in Jeju Island)

  • 장용선;김유학;송관철;김선관
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제35권3호
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    • pp.145-152
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    • 2002
  • 제주도 산록의 분석구에서 발달된 적색분석과 흑색분석에서 발달된 토양과 모재의 광물조성, 화학성분 및 열적 특성을 구명하기 위하여 X-선회절, 열분석(DTA), 화학분석을 실시하였다. 토양모재로서 분석의 주광물은 사장석이었고, 부광물로 적색 분석에서는 hematite, gibbsite, mica, quartz가 소량 함유되어 있으며, 흑색 분석은 휘석, 석영 장석, 감람석으로 흑색 분석이 현무암과 유사한 광물조성과 열적 특성을 보였다. 작열감량과 2, 3 산화물의 함량을 고려하면, 적색 분석이 흑색 분석보다 간헐적인 분출을 일으켰음을 시사한다. 분석구 토양의 점토 규반비($SiO_2/Al_2O_3$)는 2~3 내외로 토심이 깊어질수록 낮아지는 반면에 작열감량은 증가하는 경향이었으며, $K_2O$ 함량이 낮아 운모류의 영향이 적었다. 분석구 토양들의 점토광물은 Allophan이 주광물이며 Vermiculite, Illite, Kaolin광물이 소량 존재하고, 일차광물로는 석영, 장석이 있어 유사한 조성을 보인다. 그러나 적색 분석구 토양의 점토에서는 Gibbsite와 Hematite, magnetite가, 흑색 분석구 토양의 점토에서는 magnetite가 소량 함유되어 있었다. 시차열 분석에서 분석구 토양의 Magnetite ($Fe_3O_4$)가 소성에 의하여 Hematite(${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$)로 전환되면서 $660^{\circ}C$ 부근에서 강한 발열반응의 열적 특성을 보였다. 따라서, 분석구 토양의 주광물은 철산화물을 함유하는 Allophane으로, 적색 분석구 토양의 색상을 결정하는 주요한 광물은 적철광(Hematite, ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$)이었다.

Effects of mining activities on Nano-soil management using artificial intelligence models of ANN and ELM

  • Liu, Qi;Peng, Kang;Zeng, Jie;Marzouki, Riadh;Majdi, Ali;Jan, Amin;Salameh, Anas A.;Assilzadeh, Hamid
    • Advances in nano research
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    • 제12권6호
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    • pp.549-566
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    • 2022
  • Mining of ore minerals (sfalerite, cinnabar, and chalcopyrite) from the old mine has led in significant environmental effects as contamination of soils and plants and acidification of water. Also, nanoparticles (NP) have obtained global importance because of their widespread usage in daily life, unique properties, and rapid development in the field of nanotechnology. Regarding their usage in various fields, it is suggested that soil is the final environmental sink for NPs. Nanoparticles with excessive reactivity and deliverability may be carried out as amendments to enhance soil quality, mitigate soil contaminations, make certain secure land-software of the traditional change substances and enhance soil erosion control. Meanwhile, there's no record on the usage of Nano superior substances for mine soil reclamation. In this study, five soil specimens have been tested at 4 sites inside the region of mine (<100 m) to study zeolites, and iron sulfide nanoparticles. Also, through using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), this study has tried to appropriately estimate the mechanical properties of soil under the effect of these Nano particles. Considering the RMSE and R2 values, Zeolite Nano materials could enhance the mine soil fine through increasing the clay-silt fractions, increasing the water holding capacity, removing toxins and improving nutrient levels. Also, adding iron sulfide minerals to the soils would possibly exacerbate the soil acidity problems at a mining site.

모재별 토양의 미세형태 특성 (Micromorphological Characteristics of Soil with Different Patent Materials)

  • 장용선;정석재;김선관;박창진;정연태
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제37권5호
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    • pp.293-303
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    • 2004
  • 우리나라 점토집적층 토양의 분류체계를 보완하고 점토집적의 미세형태를 구명하기 위하여 52개 점토집적층의 모재별로 20개 토양통을 대상으로 토양 층위별로 시료를 채취하여 토양의 이화학적 특성, 토양 중점토의 광물조성과 화학성분을 분석하였다. 미세형태에 관한 분석은 토양 원상시료를 채취하여 박편을 제작한 후 편광현미경을 이용하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 점토집적층의 점토함량은 28% 이상으로 표토의 점토함량에 비하여 평균 1.33배 높았으며, 토양의 pH는 점토집적층에서 높았으나 CEC는 유기물의 감소로 점토함량이 증가함에도 불구하고 표토보다 작았다. 모든 공시토양의 점토집적층에서 피막의 점토집적현상을 관찰할 수 있었으나 3기층 유래 반곡통 토양집적층의 점토함량의 증가에도 불구하고 점토집적현상을 관찰할 수 없었다. 점토광물 종류별 이동성 정도를 보면 팽창형 2:1 광물, 비팽창형 2:1광물, 1.1형광물의 순이었다. 점토집적층에서는 점토이외에 비정질의 철 또는 망간, 불투명 광물 및 유기물이 토양공극 표면피막, 토양공극 충진, 광물입자 외부피막 형성하고 있었다. 잔적토나 붕적토에서는 점토집적층과 토양기질 사이에 경계의 발달이 뚜렷한 반면에 충적토의 점토집적층에서는 점토함량이 높은 토양기질이 오랜 기간 외부로부터 물리적인 작용을 받아 절단된 배열면이 형성되었다.