• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.9-13
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• 2002

This study has been performed to investigate the physical and mechanical characteristics of compaction, volume change and compressive strength for reinforced soil mixed with cement. And confirm the reinforcing effects with admixture such as cement. To this end, a series of compaction test and compression test was conducted for clayey soil(CL) and cement reinforced soil. In order to determine proper moisture content and mixing ratio, pilot test was carried out for soil and cement reinforced soil. And the mixing ratio of cement admixture was fixed 3%, 6%, 9% and 12% by the weight of dry soil. As the experimental results, the maximum dry unit weight(${\gamma}_{dmax}$) was increased with the mixing ratio and then shown the peak at 10% reinforced soil, but the optimum moisture content(OMC) and the volume change was decreased with the ratio increase. And the compressive strength volume change was decreased with mixing ratio increased.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2020

In recent years, the stability, safety and comfort of trains has received increased attention. The mechanical characteristics and differential settlement of the foundation are the main problems studied in high-speed railway research. The mechanical characteristics and differential settlement of the foundation are greatly affected by the ground treatment. Additionally, the effects of train load and earthquakes have a great impact. The dynamic action of the train will increase the vibration acceleration of the foundation and increase the cumulative deformation, and the earthquake action will affect the stability of the substructure. Earthquakes have an important practical significance for the dynamic analysis of the railway operation stage; therefore, considering the impact of earthquakes on the railway substructure stability has engineering significance. In this paper, finite element model of the CFG (Cement Fly-ash Gravel) pile + cement-soil compacted pile about composite foundation is established, and manual numerical incentive method is selected as the simulation principle. The mechanical characteristics and differential settlement of CFG pile + cement-soil compacted pile about composite foundation under train load are studied. The results show: under the train load, the neutral point of the side friction about CFG pile is located at nearly 7/8 of the pile length; the vertical dynamic stress-time history curves of the cement-soil compacted pile, CFG pile and soil between piles are all regular serrated shape, the vertical dynamic stress of CFG pile changes greatly, but the vertical dynamic stress of cement-soil compacted pile and soil between piles does not change much; the vertical displacement of CFG pile, cement-soil compacted pile and soil between piles change very little.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.230-237
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• 2015

Soil deformation on the off-load ground is significantly affected by soil conditions, such as soil type, water content, and etc. Thus, the soil characteristics should be estimated for predicting vehicle movements on the off-load conditions. The plate-sinkage test, a widely-used experimental test for predicting the wheel-soil interaction, provides the soil characteristic parameters from the relationship between soil stress and plate sinkage. In this study, soil stress under the plate-sinkage situation is calculated by the DEM (Discrete Element Method) model. We developed a virtual soil bin with DEM to obtain the vertical reaction forces under the plate pressing the soil surface. Also parametric studies to investigate effects of DEM model parameters, such as, particle density, Young's modulus, dynamic friction, rolling friction, and adhesion, on the characteristic soil parameters were performed.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2023

In general, the design of structures and its construction processes are fundamentally dependent on their foundation and supporting ground. Thus, it is imperative to understand the behavior of the soil under certain stress and drainage conditions. As it is well known that certain characteristics and behaviors of soils with fines are highly dependent on water content, it is critical to accurately measure and identify the status of the soils in terms of water contents. Liquid limit is one of the important soil index properties to define such characteristics. However, liquid limit measurement can be affected by the proficiency of the operator. On the other hand, dynamic properties of soils are also necessary in many different applications and current testing methods often require special equipment in the laboratory, which is often expensive and sensitive to test conditions. In order to address these concerns and advance the state of the art, this study explores a novel method to determine the liquid limit of cohesive soil by employing video-based vibration analysis. In this research, the modal characteristics of cohesive soil columns are extracted from videos by utilizing phase-based motion estimation. By utilizing the proposed method that analyzes the optical flow in every pixel of the series of frames that effectively represents the motion of corresponding points of the soil specimen, the vibration characteristics of the entire soil specimen could be assessed in a non-contact and non-destructive manner. The experimental investigation results compared with the liquid limit determined by the standard method verify that the proposed method reliably and straightforwardly identifies the liquid limit of clay. It is envisioned that the proposed approach could be applied to measuring liquid limit of soil in practical field, entertaining its simple implementation that only requires a digital camera or even a smartphone without the need for special equipment that may be subject to the proficiency of the operator.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제33권11호
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• pp.1332-1340
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• 2009

The front end wheel loader is widely used for the loading of materials in mining and construction fields. It has repetitive digging, loading and dumping procedures. The bucket is subjected to large resistance force from the soil during scooping. We considered the soil reaction force characteristics from scooping procedure, the protection by overload and automatic scooping mode algorithm. The main topic of this paper is the analysis of the soil reaction force characteristics. The analysis of soil mechanics is carried out and the developed soil model is verified by experimental results from the simplified experimental equipment. A simplified model of the soil shape and bucket trajectory is used to determine the scooping direction based on an estimation of the resistance force applied on the bucket during the scooping motion. In the future, this model will be used for the generation of an appropriate path for the wheel loader automation.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2002

This study has been performed to investigate the physical and mechanical characteristics of compaction, volume change and compressive strength for reinforced soil mixed with polypropylene fiber, and to confirm the reinforcing effects with admixture such as polypropylene fiber. To this end, a series of compaction test and compression test was conducted for clayey soil(CL) and polypropylene fiber reinforced soil. In order to determine proper moisture contents and mixing ratio, pilot test was carried out for natural soil and PFRS(polypropylene fiber reinforced soil). And the mixing ratio of mono-filament fiber and fibrillated polypropylene fiber admixture was 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5% and 1.0% by the weight of dry soil. From the experimental results, it was found that the optimum moisture contents(OMC) increased with the mixing ratio of fiber, but the maximum dry unit weight and the volume change was decreased with the mixing ratio. It means that the improvement of the workability and the reduction of the weight of embankment was done by the addition of the polypropylene fiber. And, from the compression test results, it was found that the addition of the polypropylene fiber remarkably improved the compressive strength of PFRS. And it was observed in the viewpoint of strength that the fibrillated polypropylene fiber reinforced soil was more effective than the mono-filament polypropylene fiber reinforced soil.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.673-680
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• 2002

The mechanical characteristics and compressibility of Light-Weighted Foam Soil (LWFS) are investigated. LWFS is composed of the dredged soil from offshore, cement and foam to reduce the unit-weight and increase compressive strength. For this purpose, the unconfined compression tests and triaxial compression tests are carried out on the prepared specimens of LWFS with various conditions such as initial water contents, cement contents, and confining stresses. The test results of LWFS indicated that the stress-strain relationship and the compressive strength are strongly influenced by the cement contents rather than the intial water contents of the dredged soils. In this study, the normalized factor considering the ratio of initial water contents, cement contents, and foam contents is suggested to evaluate the relationship between compressive strength and normalized factor.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제42권12호
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• pp.1037-1044
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• 2014

연구에서는 달환경을 고려한 달착륙선 충격흡수장치의 시험장치 구성 및 시험을 수행하였다. 달착륙선은 착륙 시 충격 완화를 위하여 토양이 있는 지역을 착륙지점으로 선정한다. 착륙 시 발생하는 달착륙선의 가속도는 착지면의 특성의 영향을 받아 결정된다. 달착륙선의 충격흡수장치의 시험에서 달 토양을 직접 사용할 수 없기 때문에, 복제토를 사용하여 착륙시험을 수행해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 NASA의 달탐사 프로젝트를 통해 획득된 달 토양의 정보를 기반으로 달 토양과 기계적 성질이 유사한 달 복제토 KAUMLS를 개발하여 달착륙선 충격흡수장치의 낙하시험을 수행하였으며, 지면특성에 따른 충격특성 분석을 위하여 단단한 철판과 건조된 모래위에서의 낙하시험을 수행하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.75-87
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• 2021

Because the hydraulic/mechanical behaviour of unsaturated soil is more complicated than that of saturated soil, one of the most important issues in modelling unsaturated soil is to properly couple its stress-strain relationship with its water retention characteristics. Based on the results of a series of tests, the stress-strain relationship and the changes in suction and saturation of unsaturated completely decomposed granite (CDG, also called Masado) vary substantially under different loading/hydraulic conditions. To precisely model the hydraulic/mechanical behaviour of unsaturated Masado, in this study, the superloading concept was firstly introduced into an existing saturated/unsaturated constitutive model to consider the structural influences. Then a water retention curve (WRC) model considering the volumetric change in the soil, in which the skeleton and scanning curves of the water retention characteristics were assumed to shift in parallel in accordance with the change in the void ratio, was proposed. The proposed WRC model was incorporated into the constitutive model, and the validity of the newly proposed model was verified using the results of tests conducted on unsaturated Masado, including water retention, oedometer and triaxial tests. The accuracy of the proposed model in describing the stress-strain relationship and the variations in suction and saturation of unsaturated Masado is satisfactory.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2011

항로유지 준설과 해안건설 현장에서 채취된 해양준설토는 일반적으로 점토 성분 내에 다량의 염분을 함유하고 있다. 본 논문은 염분이 포함된 고화준설토(S-SDS)와 염분이 포함되지 않은 고화준설토(N-SDS)의 역학적 특성에 대한 염분의 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 염분이 포함된 준설토와 염분이 포함되지 않은 준설토에 각각 동일한 양의 시멘트를 혼합하여 여러 개의 시편을 제작하였다. 7일 혹은 28일 양생된 N-SDS와 S-SDS 시편에 대하여 전자현미경 분석, 일축압축시험 및 구속압축시험을 수행함으로써 고화준설토의 미세 흙구조, 강도 및 압축 특성을 비교 및 분석하였다. 실험결과 점토에 포함된 염분은 고화준설토의 미세 흙구조 형성 뿐만 아니라 고화토의 강도발현에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 S-SDS의 압축지수와 팽창지수는 N-SDS 보다 크게 나왔다. 이것으로부터 염분은 고화토의 압축성을 증가시킨다는 것을 알 수 있다. 염분은 고결화된 준설토의 강도발현 및 압축성에 악영향을 주었다.