• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.292-297
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• 2007

이산화탄소 등 온실가스의 농도 증가로 인한 지구온난화 에 따른 기후의 변화 및 환경적 영향이 증가하고 있으며 토양내 유기탄소의 축적을 통해 대기 중 이산화탄소등 온실 가스의 감축을 효과적으로 제어할 수 있는 방법들이 연구되어 보고되고 있으나, 우리나라의 논의 경우에는 토양유기탄소의 토양 축적에 관한 연구가 매우 적게 보고되고 있다. 따라서 우리나라 주요 경지 이용형태인 논에 대해서도 토양중 탄소를 축적할 수 있는 토양관리 방법의 연구가 매우 필요하게 되었다. 본 연구는 농촌진흥청 농업과학기술원 동일비료 및 개량제 처리 장기시험 포장에서 퇴비, NPK 비료, 석회, 및 규산등의 처리구별 토양유기탄소의 동태를 분석하였다. 연구결과 인산, 칼리 및 석회의 시용은 장기간 시용한 이후에 처리한 구에서 미처리구에서 보다 토양유기탄소의 함량이 높게 나타났다. 한편 퇴비 시용구의 경우 퇴비 미시용구에서 보다 퇴비 시용구에서 토양유기탄소의 함량이 지속적으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며 시간이 지날수록 유기탄소축적비율도 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 단일 논 작부체계하에서 장기간 지속적인 퇴비의 시용 결과 토양 중 유기탄소의 효과적인 축적이 이루어 졌다. 따라서 우리나라 논에서 중 유기탄소의 축적을 위하여 퇴비의 지속적인 시용을 제안하고자 한다.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공간정보시스템학회 2007년도 GIS 공동춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.359-362
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• 2007

Estimation of carbon in the natural forest regions is a pre-requisite for carbon management. In the light of increasing carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere, the amount of carbon present in the plants and soils are very much needed to estimate the sequestered carbons stock of any region. Carbon stock estimation studies are limited in India, especially in the natural forest regions of Eastern ghats of Tamil Nadu. Remote sensing, Geographical Information System (GIS) and global positioning system (GPS) were used along with extensive field and laboratory works to estimate the carbon stock in the living biomass and soil. About five forest types were identified and mapped using satellite data. The total biomass carbon including above and below ground were 2.74 Tg and the total soil organic carbon was 3.48 Tg. This study has yielded significant information about the carbon stock in a natural forest region and it could be used for future comparative studies.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.25-36
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• 2020

Area exclosure is a widely practiced intervention of restoring degraded lands though its impact in sequestering terrestrial and soil carbon is scanty. The study was initiated to investigate the effect of exclosure of different ages on carbon sequestration potential of restoring degraded dryland ecosystems in eastern Tigray, northern Ethiopia. Twelve plots each divided into three layers were randomly selected from 5, 10 and 15 years old exclosures and paired adjacent open grazing land. Tree and shrub biomasses were determined using destructive sampling while herb layer biomass was determined using total harvest. The average total biomass obtained were 13.6, 24.8, 27.1, and 55.5 Mg ha^-1 for open grazing, 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years exclosures respectively. The carbon content of plant species ranged between 48 to 53 percent of a dry biomass. The total carbon stored in the 5 years, 10 years and 15 years age exclosures were 39 Mg C ha^-1, 46.3 Mg C ha^-1, and 64.6 Mg C ha^-1 respectively while in the open grazing land the value was 24.7 Mg C ha^-1. Carbon stock is age dependent and increases with age. The difference in total carbon content between exclosures and open grazing land varied between 14.3-40 Mg C ha^-1. Although it is difficult to extrapolate this result for a longer future, the average annual carbon being sequestered in the oldest exclosure was about 2.7 Mg C ha^-1 yr^-1. In view of improving degraded area and sequestering carbon, area exclosures are promising options.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.253-259
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• 2012

석탄 연소 부산물인 비산회 (fly ash)는 이산화탄소 발생을 저감하고 토양 탄소를 격리하는 효과가 있음이 보고된 바 있다. 같은 연소 부산물인 석탄바닥재 (bottom ash)는 비산회와 유사한 화학적 성질을 가지고 있고, 아울러 다공성으로 토양미생물들이 정착하는 적절한 담체로서의 기능을 가지고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 성질이 다른 유기물들 (헤어리베치, 청보리, 유박비료)이 처리된 토양에서 석탄바닥재가 토양 미생물들에 의한 유기물 분해 및 호흡량에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 미생물에 의한 유기물의 분해속도는 유박비료, 헤어리베치, 청보리의 순으로 높게 나타났고, 유기물과 석탄바닥재를 함께 처리하였을 때, 유의하게 감소하였다. 이산화탄소 발생량의 경시적인 변화는 유기물의 이분해성에 의존하였으나, 석탄바닥재를 처리하였을 때 유의하게 발생량이 감소하였다. 총 누적 이산화탄소 발생량 또한 이와 유사한 결과를 보였다. 석탄바닥재가 함유하고 있는 중금속 등과 같은 유해물질의 농도가 높지 않다면, 본 연구의 결과들은 석탄바닥재가 토양 처리 유기물의 이산화탄소 발생 저감 및 토양 탄소격리에 긍정적으로 기여 할 수 있는 소재로서 가능성이 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.80-93
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to assess functioni fo urban greenspace to reduce atmospheric CO\sub 2\ concentration. The study quantified carbon storage in urban greenspace and carbon emission by fossil fuel consumptio in Chuncheon. The amount of carbon storage in vegetation by land use type was 0.02kg/$m^2$ for commercial land, 4.36kg/$m^2$ for natural land, and 0.54kg/$m^2$ for the other urban lands. In 1994, total amount of carbon emission by fossil fuel consumption was about 257,358 metric tons, and the per capita carbon emission was 1.4 metric ton. Total amount of carbon storage in vegetation was 42,942 metric tons, approximately 17% of the carbon emission. This study excluded quantification of carbon storage in soils. The role of urban greenspace to sequester atomspheric carbon might be much greater, if a soil greenspace to sequester atmospheric carbon might be much greater, if a soil greenspace to sequester atmospheric carbon might be much greater, if a soil carbon storage is included quantification of carbon storage is included. However, increasing coverage of trees and managing them for healthy growth would not be sufficient for avoiding adverse impacts by future climate change. Additional measures should be followed such as an increase of energy use efficiency and development of substitute energy.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.549-555
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• 2015

Objective of this study was to investigate the effect of carbonized biomass from crop residues on chemical properties of soil and soil carbon pools during soybean cultivation. The carbonized biomass was made by field scale mobile pyrolyzer. A pot experiment with soybean in sandy loam soil was conducted for 133 days in a greenhouse, by a completely randomized design with three replications. The treatments consisted of four levels including the control without input and three levels of carbonized biomass inputs of $9.75Mg\;ha^{-1}$, C-1 ; $19.5Mg\;ha^{-1}$, C-2 ; $39Mg\;ha^{-1}$, C-3. Soil samples were collected and analyzed pH, EC, TC, TN, inorganic-N, available phosphorus and exchangeable cations of the soils. Soil pH, Total-N and available phosphorus contents correspondingly increased with increasing the carbonized material input. The contents of soil carbon pools were $19.04Mg\;C\;ha^{-1}$ for C-1, $26.19Mg\;C\;ha^{-1}$ for C-2, $33.62Mg\;C\;ha^{-1}$ for C-3 and $12.01Mg\;C\;ha^{-1}$ for the control at the end of experiment, respectively. Increased contents of soil carbon pools relative to the control were estimated at $7.03Mg\;C\;ha^{-1}$ for C-1, $14.18Mg\;C\;ha^{-1}$ for C-2 and $21.62Mg\;C\;ha^{-1}$ for C-3 at the end of experiment, respectively, indicating that the soil carbon pools were increased with increasing the input rate of the carbonized biomass. Consequently, it seems that the carbonized biomass derived from the agricultural byproducts such as crop residues could increase the soil carbon pools and that the experimental results will be applied to the future study of soil carbon sequestration.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.486-490
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of carbonized biomass from crop residues on soil carbon storage during soybean cultivation. The carbonized biomass was made by field scale mobile pyrolyzer. The treatments consisted of control without input and three levels of carbonized biomass inputs as $59.5kg10a^{-1}$, C-1 ; $119kg10a^{-1}$, C-2 ; $238kg10a^{-1}$, C-3. Soil samples were collected during the 113 days of experimental periods, and analyzed soil pH and moisture contents. Soil carbon contents and soybean yield were measured at harvesting period. For the experimental results, soil pH ranged from 6.8 to 7.5, and then increased with increasing carbonized material input. Soil moisture contents were slightly higher by 0.1~1.5% than the control, but consistent pattern was not observed among the treatments. Soil carbon and organic carbon contents in the treatments increased at 24 and 15% relative to the control at 15 days after sowing, respectively. Loss rate of SOC (soil organic carbon) relative to its initial content was 7.2% in control followed by C-1, 6.8%> C-2, 3.5%>C-3, 1.1% during the experimental periods. The SOC change rate decreased with increasing carbonized biomass rate. It was appeared that soybean yields were $476.9kg10a^{-1}$ in the control, and ranged from 453.6 to $527.3kg10a^{-1}$ in the treatments. However, significant difference was not found among the treatments. It might be considered that the experimental results will be applied to soil carbon sequestration for future study.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2017

본 실험의 목적은 토양탄소 격리 기술을 개발하기 위한 바이오차 팰렛 시용에 따른 고추 생육 효과를 평가하는 것이다. 처리는 고추 수확 후 총 탄소 함량, 암모늄태 질소의 농도 및 총 바이오매스량 비교를 위해 일반적인 영농 방법으로서 대조구, 돈분 팰렛, 바이오차와 돈분 퇴비 혼합 비율별 바이오차 팰렛 시용구 (9:1, 8:2, 6:4, 4:6, 2:8)로서 구성되어 있다. 바이오차 팰렛의 사용량은 고추 재배를 위한 추천 시용량 (440 kg/10a)기준으로 혼합 비율에 관계없이 8.8 g/pot이었다. 실험 결과로서 총 탄소 함량은 대조구와 비교하여 처리구에서 1.8-2.6배 낮게 나타났다. 암모늄태 질소의 농도는 대조구와 비교하여 처리구들 사이에 유의차가 인정되지 않았으며, 질산태 질소는 모든 처리구에서 검출되지 않았다. 그렇지만, 총 바이오매스량은 다른 처리구에서는 낮게 나타났다 할지라도 대조구와 2:8 바이오차 팰렛 처리구 사이에는 유의차가 인정되지 않았다. 따라서 이 바이오차 팰렛 시용은 농사 활동에 있어서 탄소격리를 위해서는 더욱더 연구되어야 한다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2001년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.26-29
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• 2001

Sorption/desorption Study was conducted to determine desorption-resistance hydrophobic organic compounds in natural soils with low organic carbon content. Sorption/desorption characteristics of chlorobenzene and phenanthrene for both PPI (Petro Processors, Inc. Superfund site) and BM (Bayou Manchac), soils were investigated. Desorption was biphasic including reversible and desorption-resistant compartments. The biphasic sorption parameters indicated the presence of appreciable size of desorption-resistant phase in these soils. A finite maximum capacity of desorption-resistant fraction (equation omitted) was observed after several desorption steps. The apparent organic carbon based Partition coefficient, K(equation omitted) was 10$^{4.92{\pm}0.27}$ for PPI soil and 10$^{4.92{\pm}0.27}$ for BM soil, respectively. The difference in K(equation omitted) was attributed to different characteristics in soil organic matter. The results suggest that desorption-resistance should be considered in remediation and risk assessments in natural soils and sediments.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.114-121
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• 2020

BACKGROUND: Biochar-based fertilizers delay the nutrient release and feature a slow release effect for agricultural and environmental advantages. This experiment was conducted to evaluate agro-environmental effects of different application ratios of modified biochar pellets supplemented. METHODS AND RESULTS: The treatments consisted of the control, 40% N, 60% N and 60% N (0.07M MgO) of modified supplemented biochar pellets (MSBP), which were based on recommended ratio of nitrogen for rice cultivation. For the paddy water, the NH₄-N and NO₃-N concentrations in whole treatments rapidly increased at 84 days and 40 days after transplanting, respectively. The PO4-P concentrations in the MSBP were generally lower than those of the control. For the paddy soil, NH₄-N concentrations in the MSBP were higher than those of the control at 5 days after transplanting, while NO₃-N concentrations were not significantly different in the treatments through rice cultivation. P₂O₅ concentrations in the control were higher than those of the MSBP until 40 days after transplanting while K₂O concentrations were not significantly different among the treatment. The highest carbon sequestration was 970 kg ha^-1 in the 60% N (0.07M MgO), and the potential carbon storage in the 60% N (0.07M MgO) was higher at 222 kg ha^-1 than the control during rice cultivation. It shown that the rice yield in the control was not significantly different from the 40% N and 60% N (0.07M MgO) application plots. CONCLUSION: Application of MSBP for rice cultivation was effective for carbon sequestration and agro-environmental effects even though nitrogen application ratio was reduced at 40% based on recommended application ratio of fertilizer.