• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2015

Objective of this research was to investigate the influence of compositions and concentrations of fertilizer solutions on the vegetative growth and nutrient uptake of 'Seolhyang' strawberry. To achieve this, the solutions of acid fertilizer (AF), neutral fertilizer (NF), and basic fertilizer (BF) were prepared at concentrations of 100 or $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ based on N and applied during the 100 days after transplanting. The changes in chemical properties of the soil solution were analysed every two weeks, and crop growth measurements as well as tissue analyses for mineral contents were conducted 100 days after fertilization. The growth was the highest in the treatments with BF, followed by those with NF and AF. The heaviest fresh and dry weights among treatments were 151.3 and 37.8 g, respectively, with BF $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. In terms of tissue nutrient contents, the highest N, P and Na contents, of 3.08, 0.54, and 0.10%, respectively, were observed in the treatment with NF $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. The highest K content was 2.83%, in the treatment with AF $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$, while the highest Ca and Mg were 0.98 and 0.42%, respectively, in BF $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. The AF treatments had higher tissue Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu contents compared to those of NF or BF when fertilizer concentrations were controlled to equal. During the 100 days after fertilization, the highest and lowest pH in soil solution of root media among all treatments tested were 6.67 in BF $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and 4.69 in AF $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$, respectively. The highest and lowest ECs were $5.132dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in BF $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and $1.448dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in BF $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$, respectively. For the concentrations of macronutrients in the soil solution of root media, the AF $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ treatment gave the highest $NH_4$ concentrations followed by NF $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and AF $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. The K concentrations in all treatments rose gradually after day 42 in all treatments. When fertilizer concentrations were controlled to equal, the highest Ca and Mg concentrations were observed in AF followed by NF and BF until day 84 in fertilization. The BF treatments produced the highest $NO_3$ concentrations, followed by NF and AF. The trends in the change of $PO_4$ concentration were similar in all treatments. The $SO_4$ concentrations were higher in treatments with AF than those with NF or BF until day 70 in fertilization. These results indicate that compositions of fertilizer solution should to be modified to contain more alkali nutrients when 'Seolhyang' strawberry is cultivated through inert media and nutri-culture systems.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.200-208
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• 2004

Effects of cucumber and tomato seed germination by previous leaf and root vegetables (cabbage, radish, welsh onion, lettuce) residue in soil were tested in pot condition. Overall, suppression effect of welsh onion residue was the greatest in 4 tested crop residue and followed by radish, cabbage and lettuce, but lettuce residue didn't have effect on cucumber seed germination. Suppression were maintained ca. 20 days but after the time point, growth of cucumber and tomato were enhanced. Enhancing effect of welsh onion residue was the greatest in 4 tested crops residues and followed by radish, cabbage and lettuce. As a conclusion, residue of welsh onion, radish and cabbage were suppressed the germination of cucumber and tomato seeds but enhanced growth after 20 days of treatment. To verify the effective concentration of residue on suppression of germination and growth of radicle of cucumber and tomato, plant extract of welsh onion, radish, cabbage and lettuce were diluted as 5, 10, 17, 23, 35, 50, and $65\%$, and then tested. In low concentration treatment, 5, 10, 17, and $23\%$, all 4 crop extracts didn't suppress cucumber seed germination. High concentration of lettuce extract, 35, 50, and $65\%$, cucumber seed didn't germinate at all. In case of welsh onion extract, only $65\%$ treatment suppressed cucumber seed germination. In low concentration treatment, 17, and $23\%$, only the welsh onion extract suppressed young radicle. In case of high concentration treatment, except $35\%$, all four crops extract suppressed cucumber radicle growth. In low concentration treatment, tomato seed germination was suppressed by lettuce extract only but in high concentration treatment, 35, 50, and $65\%$, all extracts suppressed germination. Especially higher than $50\%$ treatment, tomato seed didn't germinate at all. Radicle growth was highly suppressed in welsh onion and lettuce extract, higher than $23\%$ concentration. As conclusion, leaf and root vegetable extracts suppressed cucumber and tomato seed germination and in high concentration, also suppressed radicle growth.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.463-470
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• 2012

As the advanced seeding technology through use of plug tray for good cultivation of seeds was propagated along with the expansion and development of horticultural industry, the use of bed soils as growing medium has recently been increased. In this study, the effects of the four clay minerals such as illite, phyllite, zeolite, and bentonite on the early growth of red pepper in the bed soil were investigated. Furthermore, proteome analysis for the leaf and stem samples of red pepper treated with only illite was performed. Of the seedling cultured, the healthy and regular size seeds were selected and cultivated in the pots, after they were treated with four clay minerals. The experiment was performed during the whole six weeks in the glasshouse of the Chungbuk National University. The growth lengths, fresh and dry weights of red pepper were significantly higher in the treatments of illite, phyllite, zeolite, and bentonite than in the control. In addition, the uptake of $K^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, and $Mg^{2+}$ were higher in the treatment of illite, phyllite, zeolite, and bentonite than in the control. The 2-DE patterns for the red pepper by the applications of illite, phyllite, zeolite, and bentonite were similar to each other. Therefore, compared to the samples of control, the proteome analysis for the samples of red pepper treated by only illite were performed. Proteome analysis for red pepper showed that plastid fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate aldolase class 1, aldolase, and glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, all of which were involved in the energy metabolism, were highly expressed in leaf tissue by illite treatment. In stem tissue, NAD-dependent formate dehydrogenase involved in energy metabolism, potassium transport protein, and GIA/RGA-like gibberellins response modulator were highly expressed. Based on the results obtained from the proteome analysis, it appears that the proteins specifically and differentially expressed on the illite treatment may be involved in the enhanced growth of red pepper. The identification of some proteins involved in the response of vegetable crops to the treatment of clay mineral can provide new insights that can lead to a better elucidation and understanding of mechanism on their molecular basis.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.327-333
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• 2014

BACKGROUND: Rabbiteye blueberry(Vaccinium ashei) is one of the most widely grown blueberry types in the world, together with Northern and Southern highbush blueberry(Vaccinium corymbosum). Rabbiteye blueberry have higher soil adaptability and fruit productivity but less cold tolerance to low temperature than highbush blueberry. The objective of this study is to investigate freezing tolerance of floral buds and establish a cultivation zone for rabbiteye blueberry cultivars. METHODS AND RESULTS: Bearing branches which have similar thickness and same number of floral buds were collected in the early January at the blueberry germplasm preservation plot located in Namhae Sub-station, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science in Gyeongsangnamdo. Cold response of bearing branches were investigated by electrolyte leakage and freezing tolerance of floral buds were determined by ovary browning ratio of 50%($LT_{50}$). Cultivation zone was established based on mean annual extreme minimum temperature for 30 years, from 1981 to 2010. The electrolyte leakage of bearing branches in rabbiteye blueberry increased as temperature decreased and was lowest in 'Brightwell' but highest in 'Bluegem' when they were kept in $-5^{\circ}C$. Besides, the electrolyte leakage increased in 'Brightblue', 'Brightwell', 'Climax', 'Delite', 'Gardenblue', 'Southland' and 'Woodard' in $-20^{\circ}C$. Freezing tolerance($LT_{50}$) was lowest in 'Bluegem' and 'Homebell'($-13.3^{\circ}C$), and highest in 'Tifblue'($-25^{\circ}C$) among different rabbiteye blueberry cultivars. $LT_{50}$ of 'Southland' was from -15.0 to $-16.7^{\circ}C$, that of 'Delite', 'Brightwell',' Austin' and 'Climax' was $-18.3^{\circ}C$, and that of 'Bluebelle', 'Woodard' and 'Powderblue' was $-20^{\circ}C$. CONCLUSION: This study indicate that The hardiness zones of rabbiteye blueberry were classified into Six cultivation zones and cultivation zones of most cultivars were the south of Jeollanam-do and Gyeongdangnam-do, except for 'Tifblue.'

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.872-878
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• 2014

This study aimed to enhance storage and freshness of strawberry fruits and foliage vegetables by spray treatment with Chlorella vulgaris as a bio-fertilizer. The tested strain, C. vulgaris CHK0008, was isolated from an organically cultivated rice paddy and identified as C. vulgaris by its morphology and 18S rDNA and 23S rDNA sequence homology. We successfully cultured C. vulgaris CHK0008 in BG11 modified medium (BG11MM) and adjusted $2.15{\times}10^6cell/mL$ C. vulgaris CHK0008 to one OD value by measuring the optical density at 680 nm using a UV-vis spectrophotometer. The soluble solid content of 'Seolhyang' and 'Yukbo' strawberry fruits treated by spray application with C. vulgaris CHK0008 was enhanced by 22.2% and 11.5% respectively, compared to untreated controls. Additionally, the decay rates of treated 'Seolhyang' and 'Yukbo' strawberry fruits decreased 63.8% and 74.4% respectively, compared to untreated control. Surface color changes and chlorosis of leaves in leaf vegetables such as lettuce, kale, red ornamental kale, white ornamental kale and beet were observed in samples treated with water spray for 10 days after cold storage. However, the decay rate of leafy vegetables treated with foliar application of 25% C. vulgaris CHK0008 liquid culture was significantly decreased compared to that of the untreated control during storage at $4^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.428-439
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• 2020

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of PO film on the increase of crop yield and energy saving through PO and PE film greenhouse application and comparison test. As a experimental greenhouse, two single span greenhouses (1-1 W) and two double span greenhouses (1-2 W) were used. During winter season, PO film (0.15 mm outer layer, 0.10mm inner layer) was used as a covering material of greenhouse in double layers for double-span (B15) and single-span(B21), and PE film used for double-span (B15), and single-span (B23) as a control. The experimental vegetable was tomato(Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivated in soil and the cultivar of that was 'Happiness'. That was cultivated from December 3, 2019 to April 30, 2020. The temperature at night inside the greenhouse was maintained at 15℃, and the side and roof windows were opened to maintain 23 ~ 24℃ during the day. As a result, this study showed that the yield in single-span greenhouse(B21) covered with a PO film increased 20% and that in double-span greenhouse (B16) increased by 9% compared to the greenhouse covered with a PE film (B23, B15). Fuel consumption of the single-span greenhouse (B21) with the cover of PO film was reduced by 12.4% and that of double-span greenhouse was done by 11.5% compared to that of the PE film greenhouse (B23, B15) without any difference between them in growing state.