• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.635-643
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• 2016

Wine consumers desire to drink a high quality wine. For producing high quality wine, high quality soil is required. Conventionally, soil quality is assessed qualitatively. Using traditional laboratory methods, quantitative data can be obtained for management purpose, but it is time consuming and expensive. Therefore, new technology aims to address these limitations, namely portable X-Ray fluorescence spectrometers (pXRF). This instrument can be used directly in the field, requires no soil sample preparations, and can simultaneously measure a wide range of elements qualitatively that are useful for pedological studies. The chemical composition (Ca, Fe, Ti and Zr) of soils at Tallavera Grove vineyard in New South Wales, Australia, was studied using a pXRF. The analysis of the soil's elemental concentration (i.e. Ca and Fe) using pXRF supports management decisions. Measuring the soil's Ca concentration can be used to identify Ca-rich parent materials (limestone). The limestone indicates good soil conditions for vine production. Fe content was used to identify areas of texture-contrast soils or soil with accumulation of clays in the B horizon. In addition, a soil weathering index was calculated using elemental concentrations (i.e. Ti and Zr) to explore the history of soil formation for making decision of management. This index showed that the soil in the vineyard was affected by two processes: the deposition of materials from elsewhere (Aeolian transport or soil erosion) and mixing of materials from upslope.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.369-377
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• 2014

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of rice husk (RHB) and food waste biochar (FWB) on upland soil with sandy loam texture, in terms of physico-chemical analysis, lettuce seed germination test, and orgainc carbon leaching experiment. RHB and FWB had different physico-chemical properties each other. Carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio) of RHB was 32, showing two times higher than that of FWB. FWB had high salt and heavy metal content, compared to RHB. This is probably due to different ingredients and production processing between two biochars each other. Results of germination test with Lettuce showed lower germination rate when FWB was applied because of higher salt concentration compared to control and RHB. Organic carbon leaching test using saturated soil column (${\Phi}75{\times}h75mm$) with $10MT\;ha^{-1}$ biochar application rate, showed higher saturated hydraulic conductivity in rice husk biochar treatment column, compared to control and food waste biochar treatment. The highest total organic carbon concentration in column effluent was lower than those in both of rice husk biochar and food waste biochar, whereas the differences was negligible after 9 pore volumes of effluent. Consequently, biochars from byproducts such as rice husk and food waste in sandy loam textured upland soil could enhance a buffer function such as reduction of leaching from soil, but the harmful ingredient to crops such as high salt and heavy metals could limit the agricultural use of biochars.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.389-393
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 유류로 오염된 토양으로부터 분리된 고효율 분해균주에 의한 xylene 분해특성을 조사하고 분해과정을 밝히는 것이다. P. putida BJ10에 의해 mineral salts medium (MSM)배지내에서 24시간 배양 후 제거율은 o, m, p-xylene 각각 94, 90, 98%였으며 3% 이하의 대조군과 명확한 차이를 보였다. 또한 유류로 오염된 토양내에서의 9일 경과 후 xylene 제거율은 유류 분해균주 주입구에서 66%였으며 무처리 일반토양에서 32%, 멸균 토양에서 8%로서 P. putida BJ10에 의한 유효성을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 시간경과에 따른 대사산물을 분석한 결과 o-xylene의 분해 경로에서는 6시간 경과 후 3-methylcatechol, 24시간 경과 후 o-toluic acid 가 분해산물로서 검출되어 최종산물로서의 o-toluic acid 가 확인되었으며 중간산물의 변환과정은 기존 발표된 연구들과 다소 다른 결과를 나타내었다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2004년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2004
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• pp.302-305
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• 2004

The aim of this study is to apply and crossvalidate a spatial logistic multiple-regression model at Boun, Korea, using a Geographic Information System (GIS). Landslide locations in the Boun area were identified by interpretation of aerial photographs and field surveys. Maps of the topography, soil type, forest cover, geology, and land-use were constructed from a spatial database. The factors that influence landslide occurrence, such as slope, aspect, and curvature of topography, were calculated from the topographic database. Texture, material, drainage, and effective soil thickness were extracted from the soil database, and type, diameter, and density of forest were extracted from the forest database. Lithology was extracted from the geological database and land-use was classified from the Landsat TM image satellite image. Landslide susceptibility was analyzed using landslide-occurrence factors by logistic multiple-regression methods. For validation and cross-validation, the result of the analysis was applied both to the study area, Boun, and another area, Youngin, Korea. The validation and cross-validation results showed satisfactory agreement between the susceptibility map and the existing data with respect to landslide locations. The GIS was used to analyze the vast amount of data efficiently, and statistical programs were used to maintain specificity and accuracy.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2004년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2004
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• pp.298-301
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• 2004

The aim of this study is to cross-validate of spatial probability model, artificial neural network at Boun, Korea, using a Geographic Information System (GIS). Landslide locations were identified in the Boun, Janghung and Youngin areas from interpretation of aerial photographs, field surveys, and maps of the topography, soil type, forest cover and land use were constructed to spatial data-sets. The factors that influence landslide occurrence, such as slope, aspect and curvature of topography, were calculated from the topographic database. Topographic type, texture, material, drainage and effective soil thickness were extracted from the soil database, and type, diameter, age and density of forest were extracted from the forest database. Lithology was extracted from the geological database, and land use was classified from the Landsat TM image satellite image. Landslide susceptibility was analyzed using the landslide­occurrence factors by artificial neural network model. For the validation and cross-validation, the result of the analysis was applied to each study areas. The validation and cross-validate results showed satisfactory agreement between the susceptibility map and the existing data on landslide locations.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.236-241
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• 2011

경남지역 과수원 토양 25개소를 대상으로 2010년에 토양 화학성분과 미생물 다양성을 검토하고 토성, 지형 및 작물별 주요 변동요인을 주성분분석으로 해석하였다. 토양 유효인산 및 치환성 칼륨 함량은 적정수준 보다 각각 2.6배 및 2.3배 높았으며 대부분 토양 화학성분의 최소값과 최대값 차이가 크게 나타났다. 지형적으로 산록경사지는 토양 유효인산 함량이 유의적으로 높았고 (p<0.05) 미사질양토에서 곰팡이와 형광성 슈도모나스균 개체수가 사양토 보다 유의적으로 높았다 (p<0.05). 주성분 분석결과 제 1주성분이 28.4%, 제 2주성분이 20.1%로서 전체 48.5%의 자료를 설명할 수 있었으며 제 1주성분은 토양의 세균 개체수가 가장 크게 기여하였다. 토양 유기물 함량은 곰팡이 개체수와 정의상관을 보인 반면 세균 개체수와 부의상관을 나타냈다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제26권2D호
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• pp.341-347
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• 2006

임하호는 안동호 유역과 지형학적으로 인접되어 있지만 강우강도에 따른 탁수발생에는 큰 차이를 보이고 있으며 이러한 원인을 밝히는 것은 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 안동호와 임하호 유역을 연구대상지로 선정하여 준경험 토사유실모델인 RUSLE 모델을 이용하여 고탁수 발생에 큰 영향을 미치는 토사유실량을 비교 평가하였다. 먼저, 환경부에서 구축한 토지피복도를 기반으로 토사유실에 가장 민감한 농경지비율을 분석한 결과, 안동호유역은 11.88%, 임하호유역은 14.95%로서 임하호유역이 3.07% 높게 평가되었다. 또한 RUSLE 인자의 분석에서는 경작인자를 제외한 모든 인자들이 임하호유역에서 높게 평가되었으며, 이는 시간적인 변화를 보이는 강우자료를 제외한 토양, 지형 그리고 토지피복상태가 임하호유역이 안동호유역에 비해 토사유실에 취약한 구조를 가지고 있음을 의미한다. 토사유실량 평가에서도 안동호와 임하호유역이 각각 1,275,806 ton과 1,501,608 ton으로서, 임하호유역이 안동호유역에 비해 225,802 ton만큼 높게 평가되었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.15-23
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• 1979

본(本) 연구의 제(第)1보(報)에서 추출(抽出)된 비옥도(肥沃度) 구성인자(構成因子)의 인자평점(因子評点) 및 현지조사(現地調査)에서 얻은 기타(其他) 환경인자(環境因子)를, 설명변수(說明變數)로 취(取)하고, 현지(現地)에서 청취조사(聽取調査)로부터 얻어진 쌀 수확량(收穫量)을 목적변수(目的變數)로 하여 다중회귀(多重回歸) 분석(分析)과 하야시의 수량화(數量化) 이론(理論) I (Hayashi's theory of quantification No.1)를 적용(適用)하여 생산력을 추정(推定)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. (1) 시료(試料) 개체(個體)에 대하여 얻어진 다섯개의 인자평점(因子評点)을 설명변수(說明變數)로 하여 다중회귀분석(多重回歸分析)을 행(行)한 결과(結果) 중상관계수(重相關係數)가 0.43으로 추정(推定) 정도(程度)가 낮았다. (2) 비옥도(肥沃度) 인자간(因子間)의 상호작용(相互作用)을 고려(考慮)하여 직선회귀(直線回歸) 모델을 이차방정식(二次方程式)으로 변형(變形)시켜 생산력(生産力)을 추정(推定)한 결과(結果) 중상관계수(重相關係數)가 0.59로써 추정정도(推定精度)는 약간 높아졌으나 만족할 수 있는 추정식(推定式)은 얻지 못하였다. (3) 답(畓) 토양(土壤)에서 쌀의 생산력(生産力)을 지배(支配)하는 인자(因子)로서 비옥도(肥沃度)는 물론(勿論) 중요(重要)하지만 다른 환경인자(環境因子)의 영향(影響)도 받을 것으로 사료(思料)되어 비옥도군(肥沃度群), 수분공급(水分供給)의 양부(良否), 토양배수(土壤排水)의 양부(良否), 기후대(氣候帶), 표토(表土)의 점착성(粘着性), 표토(表士)의 결시성(結持性), 토성(土性) 및 하층토(下層土)의 구조발달정도(構造發達程度) 등(等)을 설명변수(說明變數)도 취(取)하여 하야시의 수량화(數量化) 이론(理論) 1을 적용(適用)하여 생산력(生産力)을 추정(推定)한 결과(結果) 중상관계수(重相關係數)가 0.9였고, 이들 인자(因子)들 중(中) 비옥도군(肥沃度群), 수분공급(水分供給) 및 기후대(氣候帶) 인자(因子)가 생산력(生産力)에 크게 기여(寄與)하고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.55-62
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• 1995

This study was conducted to investigate the distribution pattern of plants on streamside of Kyonganchon, which is a tributary of the Han River, and to determine the relationships between plant distribution and environmental factors. Fifteen study sites were selected along the Kyonganchon, and vegetation distribution pattern and soil environmental factors were determined. The most frequently ocurring species in the study sites were Persicaria thunbergii, Persicaria hydropiper, Echinochloa crus-galli and Bidens frondosa, and among them the two Persicaria species were dominants of the community. Many species showed different distribution along the stream:Chenopodium album, Equisetum arvense and Setaria viridies occurred in the upstream region, while Rumex crispus, Leonurus sibiricus and Rorippa islandica occurred in the middle and downstream regions. Analysis of soil properties showed that organic matter and clay content were higher in the upstream region while sand content was higher in the downstream region. The results of DCA ordination showed that axis one was positively correlated with organic matter and clay content and negatively correlated with sand content, indicating that the distribution pattern of vegetation along the Kyonganchon was determined by elevational gradient from upstream to downstream region or gradient of stream width and water level, and by soil organic matter content and soil texture related to these gradients.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.117-129
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• 2010

The present study was undertaken in moist temperate forest of Mandal-Chopta area in the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand, India. The aim of the present study was to assess the physical properties of soils in relation to the forest structure and composition. Twelve forest types according to the altitude, slope aspect and species compositions were selected for the study. Physical properties of soil i.e., soil colour, soil texture (per cent of sand, silt and clay), moisture content, water holding capacity, porosity, bulk density (gm/$cm^3$) and void ratio were analyzed for three different depths viz., (i) 'upper' (0-10 cm), (ii) 'middle' (11-30 cm) and (iii) 'lower' (31-60 cm) in all the selected forest types. Phytosociological and diversity parameters viz. total basal cover ($Gha^{-1}$), stem density ($Nha^{-1}$), tree species richness, Simpson concentration of dominance and Shannon-Wiener diversity index were also calculated for each forest type. This study also provides the comparisons between the results of physical analysis of the present study with numerous other previous studies in the temperate Himalayan region of the Uttarakhand.