• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.381-388
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• 2023

Through artificial neural network education using spreadsheets, non-major undergraduate students can understand the operation principle of artificial neural networks and develop their own artificial neural network software. Here, training of the operation principle of artificial neural networks starts with the generation of training data and the assignment of correct answer labels. Then, the output value calculated from the firing and activation function of the artificial neuron, the parameters of the input layer, hidden layer, and output layer is learned. Finally, learning the process of calculating the error between the correct label of each initially defined training data and the output value calculated by the artificial neural network, and learning the process of calculating the parameters of the input layer, hidden layer, and output layer that minimize the total sum of squared errors. Training on the operation principles of artificial neural networks using a spreadsheet was conducted for undergraduate non-major students. And image training data and basic artificial neural network development results were collected. In this paper, we analyzed the results of collecting two types of training data and the corresponding artificial neural network SW with small 12-pixel images, and presented methods and execution results of using the collected training data for Orange machine learning model learning and analysis tools.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.290-298
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• 2016

This study was conducted to develop a model that explains the factors influencing the clinical nurses' willingness to perform Basic Life Support and to verify the appropriateness of the model. The participants were 550 clinical nurses working at a university hospital in Korea. The data were collected from self-reported questionnaires from October 2012 to February 2013. A total of 520 questionnaires were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 20.0 and Amos version 18.0 software packages. The results indicated that the clinical nurses' knowledge of basic life support had a direct impact and their clinical experience had an indirect impact on their willingness to perform basic life support at the scene. These variables together explained 19.5% of the variance in the nurses' willingness to perform Basic Life Support. The clinical experience was correlated significantly with knowledge (r=.61, p<.001). To increase the clinical nurses' performance of Basic Life Support, knowledge and clinical experience should be reinforced by continuous in-service education on Basic Life Support, considering the disease status of hospitalized patients.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.415-431
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• 2001

Recently, the biggest interest in education, education using ICT(Information and Communication Technology) is being emphasized excessively and only the practical side is being embossed on the research about it, so it is causing worry that it is inclined to technical use. In this study, we tried to prepare the strategy for efficient use of ICT in search of theoretical level on use of ICT as an alternative plan for these problems. First, we defined the concept of efficient use of ICT and fixed high thinking of human as basic authority cited for deduction of strategy and analyzed Integrated Thinking Model of Iowa State Dept. of Education. We categorized synthetic thinking for efficient use of ICT through these works. In addition, we classified ICT for efficient use into software area, hardware area, and use skill area, and observed each concepts and interrelationship. And we argued 'Decision Authority of Relation between Thinking Area and ICT Area' to examine relation between synthetic thinking category and each area of ICT, and we established concretization of that, 'Analysis Matrix for Deduction of ICE-EUS'. We tried to guarantee the propriety of deduction process and the clearness of deduction result through this works. Through this process we finally deduct the ICT-EUS(Efficient-Use Strategy of ICT) about learning resources, learning tools, tutee, searching, communication, production and presentation of ICT area. ICT-EUS is expected to provide possibility of being able to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of achievement of learning goals through cognitive analysis about learning resources, tools and use skills beyond simple use of ICT.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.189-196
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• 2023

This paper analyzes the level of satisfaction of two groups of teachers who were educated about artificial intelligence using App Inventor. The participants were 13 pre-service and 9 in-service elementary school teachers and the data was collected using a questionnaire. As a result of the study, in-service teachers were all more satisfied than pre-service teachers in terms of interest, difficulty, and participation in the education. In addition, the questions investigating whether education helped motivate learning of artificial intelligence and whether there is a willingness to apply it to elementary classes in the future were also more positive for in-service teachers than for pre-service teachers. In general, pre-service teachers had somewhat more negative views than in-service teachers, but they were more positive than in-service teachers in terms of whether the education helped improve their understanding of artificial intelligence and whether they were willing to participate in additional education. Analysis of the Mann-Whitney test to see if there was a significant difference in satisfaction between the two groups showed no significance. This may be because most of the students in the two groups already had block-type or text-type programming experience, so they were able to participate in the education without any special resistance or difficulty with App Inventor, resulting in high levels of satisfaction from both groups. The results of this study can provide basic data for the future development and operation of programs for artificial intelligence education for both pre-service and in-service elementary school teachers.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.89-118
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• 2016

In this study, the model of Turtle Ship, which is evaluated as one of the world's first ironclad ship in battle as well as the traditional scientific and technological heritage in Korea, was combined with the Physical Computing Platform(Arduino and App Inventor) that enables students to learn the basic concepts of IT in an easy and fun way. Thus, this study contrived the Physical Computing Platform-based Turtle Ship model which will make the students of Industrial Specialized High School develop the technological literacy and humanities-based knowledge through flexible education out of stereotype and single subject as well as enhance the potential of creative convergence education. The following is a summary of the main results obtained through this study: First, Arduino-based Main-controller design and making is helpful to learn of the hardware and software knowledge about EEC(Electron Electronics Control) and to confirm the basic characteristics and performance of interaction of Arduino and actuators. Second, The fundamental Instructional environments of abilities such as implementing EEC systems, thinking logically, and problem-solving skills were provided by designing of pattern diagram, designing an actuator circuit and making, the creation of sketches as technical programming and developing of mobile app. Thirdly, This is physical computing platform based Turtle ship model that will enable students to bring up their technological literacy and interest in the cultural heritage.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.39-51
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to provide a set of fundamental data for the oral hygiene education for the elderly as a result of the survey on the oral hygiene and subjective oral health of the elderly in an aged society. For this purpose, 269 elders who dwelled in Gyeongsangbuk-do region were randomly selected in an arbitrary selection process, followed by a survey on their oral hygiene and health. The collected data were coded and processed by using SPSS 15.0 software. As for the analysis of the data, the general characteristics and the basic items concerning the management of the oral health were analyzed for their frequency and percentages, while the general characteristics and the awareness on the oral health were processed with Chi-square validation to show a set of results as follows; Firstly, among the items on the oral health, the satisfaction on the current condition of their oral health was below average. Secondly, concerning the oral hygienic behaviors, the majority of the samples answered that they were brushing their teeth twice a day. And, as for the brushing methods, the largest number of the samples answered that they were brushing their teeth in a 'horizontal direction'. Thirdly, they reported they were having difficulties in getting dental treatments. The implications of this study are that it is necessary to provide sound oral health education to them to correct the inappropriate oral hygienic behaviors.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.59-67
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• 2018

The programming language is a core education area of software that is becoming increasingly important in the age of the fourth industrial revolution, but it requires mathematical knowledge and logical thinking skills, so that many local private university and college students with low basic skills are having difficulties learning it. This problem occasionally causes SW-major students to lose interest and confidence in their majors during the introductory course of programming languages; making them change their majors, or give up their studies. In this study, we designed an instructional model using Scratch for educating C-language which is a typical programming introductory language. To do this, we analyzed the concepts that can be trained by Scratch among the programming concepts supported by C-language, and developed the examples of Scratch for exercising the concepts. In addition, we designed an instructional model, by which the programming concepts are first learned through Scratch and then C-language is taught, and conducted an experiment on the SW-major freshman students of a local private university to verify the effectiveness of the model. In the situation where SW education is becoming common, we expect that this study will help programming language education of security IT students.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.469-480
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• 2019

One of the goals of the new 2015 revised curriculum is to cultivate the creativity of students who will live in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution to create new things through diverse ideas and challenges based on basic learning skills. Accordingly, in order to solve the given problems rationally, the convergence problem solving ability that can process and utilize various areas of knowledge and information is becoming important. Therefore, in this study, we designed the integrative education using a 3D printer based on Tinkercad modeling and applied it to the class to investigate the effect on the improvement of computing thinking ability of elementary school students. To verify the contents of the study, two classes of 25 sixth-grade elementary school students were divided into an experimental group and a controlled group. For the experimental group, 12 classes of convergence education programs using a 3D printer were applied for about three months, and the same amount of general curriculum was conducted for the control group. After that, the t-tests were carried out using the pre-post test to measure the effectiveness of the computational thinking ability. After the application of the program, the experimental group showed statistically significant improvement in computational thinking ability, but the controlled group showed no statistically significant difference. The results show that convergence education using the Tinkercad modeling-based 3D printer has a positive effect on the improvement of computing thinking ability of elementary school students.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.21-26
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• 2022

This study aims to enhance the cultivation of SW·AI basic competencies of middle school students by forming and distributing SW·AI education programs for middle school students who form the basis of their lives. In addition, by planning SW·AI education programs in connection with the regular curriculum, it is intended to serve as a cornerstone for the public education of SW·AI education that will be implemented from 2025. To this end, the concept of SW and AI in middle school was first defined and a plan to link software/artificial intelligence learning factors to the regular curriculum was proposed, and based on this, SW·AI education programs for middle school students were prepared. Based on literature research, the understanding of artificial intelligence technology, the value of data, and the use of artificial intelligence technology in real life were set as SW·AI education contents, and educational programs were organized by linking them with the current middle school curriculum. All SW·AI education was organized in the form of practice rather than theory so that classes could be conducted centered on participants, and the purpose of the course was to cultivate the ability to use artificial intelligence technology in real life based on understanding artificial intelligence technology.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2023

For given the importance of elementary school students developing the ability to solve problems using artificial intelligence (AI), problem-solving abilities should be developed using AI along with education to develop problem-solving abilities. Such students need a form that allows them to understand the concepts and principles of AI and to be easily educated in a fun way to understand basic understanding of how AI works. To this end, this study planned an 8-hour AI convergence program and operated based on self-driving cars, demonstrating that it was effective in improving elementary school students' problem-solving abilities, creativity, and AI understanding. As a result of operating the camp, students' understanding of AI was 3.56 (standard deviation 0.85), 4.00 (standard deviation 0.71), and t-value was -5.412 (p<0.001), indicating statistically improved understanding of AI, and high satisfaction and interest of students. In the future, it will be necessary to develop an educational program that allows elementary school students to devise their own ideas and create products to which AI models can be applied.