• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.44-58
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• 1994

The formants of the 9 Korean standard vowels(which used by the average people of Seoul, central-area of the Korean peninsula) were measured by analysis with the linear predictive coding(LPC) and fast Fourier transform(FFT). The author already had reported the constriction area for the Korean standard vowels, and with the existing data, the distance from glottis to the constriction area in the vocal tract of each vowel was newly measured with videovelopharyngograms and lateral Rontgenograms of the vocal tract. We correlated the formant frequencies with the distance from glottis to the constriction area of the vocal tract. Also we tried to correlate the formant frequencies with the position of tongue in the vocal tract which is divided into 2 categories : The position of tongue in oral cavity by the distance from imaginary palatal line to the highest point of tongue and the position in pharyngeal cavity by the distance from back of tongue to posterior pharyngeal wall. This study was performed with 10 adults(male : 5, female : 5) who spoke primary 9 Korean standard vowels. We had already reported that the Korean vowel [i], [e], $[{\varepsilon}]$ were articulated at hard palate level, [$\dot{+}$], [u] were at soft palate level, [$\wedge$] was at upper pharynx level and the [$\wedge$], [$\partial$], [a] in a previous article. Also we had noted that the significance of pharyngeal cavity in vowel articulation. From this study we have concluded that ; 1) The F$_1$ is related with the oral cavity articulated vowel [i, e, $\varepsilon$, $\dot{+}$, u]. 2) Within the oral cavity articulated vowel [i, e, $\varepsilon$, $\dot{+}$, u] and the upper pharynx articulated vowel [o], the F$_2$ is elevated when the diatance from glottis to the constriction area is longer. But within the lower pharynx articulated vowel [$\partial$, $\wedge$, a], the F$_2$ is elevated when the distance from glottis to the constriction area is shorter. 3) With the stronger tendency of back-vowel, the higher the elevation of the F$_1$ and F$_2$ frequencies. 4) The F$_3$ and F$_4$ showed no correaltion with the constriction area nor the position of tongue in the vocal tract 5) The parameter F$_2$- F$_1$, which is the difference between F$_2$ frequency and F$_1$ frequency showed an excellent indicator of differenciating the oral cavity articulated vowels from pharyngeal cavity articulated vowels. If the F$_2$-F$_1$ is less than about 600Hz which indicates the vowel is articulated in the pharyngeal cavity, and more than about 600Hz, which indicates that the vowel is articulated in the oral cavity.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.44-50
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• 2002

Apert syndrome은 첨두합지증(acrocephalosyndactly)중의 하나로, 1906년 Apert에 의해 보고된 증후군이며 관상봉합의 조기유합에 의한 첨두증(acrocephaly)과 합지증이 공존하는 선천성 유전 질환이다. 임상적으로 뾰족한 고깔모양의 머리 형태를 하고 있으며, 손과 발이 합지증을 보이는 것이 가장 특징적이다. 상염색체 우성의 유전을 하며 중안면부의 발육부전으로 인한 안구돌출 경도의 양안이개 및 상악골 발육부전을 나타내고, 고구개, 연구개열을 동반하는 경우가 있으며, 하악 발육은 정상이나 상대적으로 하악 전돌의 양상을 나타내고 좁은 상악과 하악궁에 심한 총생이 나타나고, 골격적 이상에 의한 부정 교합과, 전방부의 개교를 유발한다. 본 증례는 성형외과에서 상악과 하악에 대한 교정적 처치의 가능성에 대하여 의뢰된 3세 1개월의 Apert syndrome 남아에 대한 것으로 의학적 기왕력과 향후 치과적 처치방향에 대해 과거의 문헌을 고찰하고, 교정적 진단과 치료계획의 수립과정 중에 다소의 지견을 얻었기에 이에 대해 보고하는 바이다.

• 대한장애인치과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.79-83
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• 2019

Treacher Collins 증후군(TCS)은 두개안면 발육의 이상을 보이는 상염색체 우성 질환으로, 외이, 중이 및 이소골(auditory ossicle)의 형태이상과 상악골 발육 부전, 후퇴된 하악, 구개열 등의 특징을 보인다. TCS 환아의 경우, 청각 장애로 인한 환아의 불안으로 적절한 협조를 얻기 어렵고, 개구제한과 기도 확보의 어려움으로 인해 전신마취 하에 치과치료를 진행하는 것이 안전하다. 전신마취 시 하악 후퇴 등의 형태학적인 문제로 인하여 삽관의 난이도가 높을 수 있어 주의가 요구되며, 술 후에도 적절한 호흡의 유지를 위해 지속적인 감시가 필요하다. 마지막으로, 보호자로 하여금 구강 위생의 중요성이 강조되어야 한다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.209-218
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• 2024

연구목적: 본 연구는 스마트폰 앱을 이용한 구강근력 강화훈련 교육 콘텐츠를 개발하고 노인들에게 적용한 후 효과를 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구방법: 훈련은 2023년 8월 말부터 10월 초까지 6주 동안 총12회를 적용하였다. 수행 장소는 참여 대상자의 소속기관이며, 1회당 소요시간은 약60분이었다. 연구결과: 구강건강 증진 효과는 치면세균막(p<0.05), 치은염(p<0.001), 설태(p<0.01), 타액분비량(p<0.001)에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 프로그램 실시 전에 비해 치면세균막은 0.69 감소, 치은염은 0.99 감소, 설태는 1.11 감소, 타액 분비량은 0.73 증가하였다. 사후 두 그룹간의 비교에서도 치면세균막(p<0.001), 치은염(p<0.001), 설태(p<0.05)는 유의한 차이를 보였다. 구강근력 강화 효과는 전방부 혀 근력(p<0.001)과 후방부 혀 근력(p<0.01)에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 전방부 혀 근력은 5.25 증가, 후방부 혀 근력은 6.82 증가하였다. 결론: 본 연구에서 개발한 스마트폰 앱 콘텐츠는 일상생활에서 노인의 구강건강 증진에 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 생각되며, 이를 위해서는 개발된 콘텐츠를 알리고 노인들이 잘 활용할 수 있도록 훈련하는 과정이 필요하다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.66-71
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• 2013

Purpose: We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of ipsilateral radiotherapy for the patient with well lateralized tonsil cancer: not cross midline and <1 cm of tumor invasion into the soft palate or base of tongue. Materials and Methods: From 2003 to 2011, twenty patients with well lateralized tonsil cancer underwent ipsilateral radiotherapy. Nineteen patients had T1-T2 tumors, and one patient had T3 tumor; twelve patients had N0-N2a disease and eight patients had N2b disease. Primary surgery followed by radiotherapy was performed in fourteen patients: four of these patients received chemotherapy. Four patients underwent induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). The remaining two patients received induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy and definitive CCRT, respectively. No patient underwent radiotherapy alone. We analyzed the pattern of failure and complications. Results: The median follow-up time was 64 months (range, 11 to 106 months) for surviving patients. One patient had local failure at tumor bed. There was no regional failure in contralateral neck, even in N2b disease. At five-year, local progression-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, and progression-free survival rates were 95%, 100%, and 95%, respectively. One patient with treatment failure died, and the five-year overall survival rate was 95%. Radiation Therapy Oncology Group grade 2 xerostomia was found in one patient at least 6 months after the completion of radiotherapy. Conclusion: Ipsilateral radiotherapy is a reasonable treatment option for well lateralized tonsil cancer. Low rate of chronic xerostomia can be expected by sparing contralateral major salivary glands.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.131-135
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• 2015

Background: Variable methods have been introduced for reduction of the zygomatic fractures. The Dingman elevator is used widely to reduce these fractures but is inappropriate in certain types of fractures which require atypical traction vectors. We introduce and examine an alternate method of reducing zygomatic fractures using wire and hook traction. Methods: A retrospective study was performed for all zygomatic fracture patients admitted between 2008 and 2014. Medially rotated fractures were reduced by using a wire looped through an intermaxillary screw secured on the medial side of the zygoma. Laterally rotated fractures were reduced using a hook introduced through an infrazygomatic skin incision. Results: No accidental bleeding or incomplete reduction was observed in any of the cases. Postoperative imaging demonstrated proper reduction immediately after the operation. Follow-up computed tomography study at 1 month after operation also demonstrated proper reduction and healthy union across the previous site of fracture. Conclusion: The hook and wire method allowed precise application of traction forces across zygomatic fractures. The fractured bone fragment could be pulled in the direction precisely opposite to the vector of impact at the time of trauma. Soft tissue damage due to dissection was minimized. In particular, this method was effective in reducing rotated bone fragments and can be an alternative option to using the zygoma elevator.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.114-118
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• 2015

Background: The reduction of orbital blowout fracture primarily aims to normalize the extra-ocular movement by returning the herniated orbital soft tissue into the original position, and to prevent enophthalmos by normalizing the orbital cavity volume. We introduce a balloon catheter-assisted orbital floor reduction technique. Methods: A retrospective review was performed for all patients with orbital floor fracture who underwent the technique described in the main body of this text. Medical records were reviewed for demographic data, clinical presentation and course, degree of enophthalmos, intraorbital volume on computed tomography scan, and postoperative outcomes. The enophthalmos and intraorbital volume of the injured site were compared to the uninjured eye and orbit. Results: The review identified 14 patients (11 male, 3 female). The mean preoperative difference in en-exopthalmos was 2.13 mm, while the mean orbital volume was 116%. The mean postoperative difference in en-exophthalmos had improved to 0.61 mm with a mean orbital volume of 101.85%. At the time of catheter removal at 10 days, three patients experienced diplopia (n=1), extra-ocular movement disorder (1), or enophthalmos (1). All of these had resolved by the 6-month follow-up visit. Conclusion: Balloon catheter-assisted reduction of the orbital floor fractures was associated with improvements in intraorbital volume and enopthalmos in the 14 patients. Notable complications included diplopia, enophthalmos, and limited extra-ocular movement, all of which were transient in the early postoperative period and had resolved by 6-month follow up.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.103-106
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• 2010

Purpose: Giant cell tumors of the bone are rare, locally aggressive lesions that primarily affect the epiphysis of the long bones in young adults. These tumors occur very rarely on the skull, principally in the sphenoid and temporal bones. The occipital bone is an unusual site. We report a rare case of a giant cell tumor of the occipital bone with a review of the relevant literature. Methods: A 7-year-old boy presented with a mass of the right occipital area, which was accompanied by localized tenderness and mild swelling. The mass was first recognized approximately 1 year earlier and grew slowly. There was no significant history of trauma. The physical examination revealed a nonmobile and non-tender bony swelling on the occipital region. The neurological evaluation was normal. The serial skull radiography and CT scan showed focal osteolytic bone destruction with a bulged soft tissue mass in the right occipital bone. The patient underwent a suboccipital craniectomy and a complete resection of the epidural mass. The lesion was firm and cystic. The mass adhered firmly to the dura mater. Results: The postoperative clinical course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged 5 days later. The histopathology report revealed scattered multinucleated giant cells and mononuclear stromal cells at the tumor section, and the giant cells were distributed evenly in the specimen, indicating a giant cell tumor. Conclusion: Giant cell tumors are generally benign, locally aggressive lesions. In our case, the lesion was resected completely but a persistent long term follow up will be needed because of the high recurrence rate and the possible transformation to a malignancy.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.198-204
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• 2017

악안면부의 결손은 선천적으로 결손을 가지고 있거나 외상이나 수술적인 절제 등에 의한 후천적 원인에 의해 발생할 수 있다. 특히 구강 내 결손을 가진 환자 중 상악의 결손과 연관되어 있는 경우가 높은 비중을 차지하고 있으며 보철적 치료의 필요성이 높다. 하악의 부분적 결손을 가질 경우 기능적 회복에 상당한 한계점을 보이나 양측 턱관절이 정상적으로 남아 있을 경우 국소의치를 이용한 악안면 보철물을 제작함으로써 양호한 결과를 기대할 수 있다. 본 증례의 환자는 58세 남자 환자로서 안면부 총상으로 인한 구개부 및 좌측 하악 구치부 결손을 가진 분으로 obturator와 하악 RPD 재제작을 위해 내원하였다. 환자의 상악 결손 범위는 Aramany 분류법 Class IV에 해당되는 상태이며, 하악은 Cantor와 Curtis 분류법 Type V resection 상태이다. 상, 하악의 우측 구치부가 잔존하였으나, 수술 후 악골 변형으로 인해 서로 교합되지 않았으며 치주상태 불량으로 인한 동요도도 존재하는 상태였다. Obturator의 유지를 위해 잔존 지대치를 최대한 활용하였고 안정적인 교합이 형성되도록 치아를 배열하였다. 하악 RPD는 하악 절제술로 변형된 연조직에 적합하도록 제한된 범위를 피개하는 RPD를 제작하였다. 이에 환자분의 저작, 연하, 발음 기능이 많이 개선되었으며 만족할 만한 결과를 보여주어 본 증례를 발표하는 바이다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.546-551
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• 2006

Purpose: The reconstruction of oropharyngeal defect after cancer surgery is very difficult because of their complicated structure and the functional importance to prevent velopharyngeal incompetence. In this article we investigated affecting factors of velopharyngeal function after reconstruction and a fundamental rule of reconstruction for saving their functions such as swallowing, speeching and breathing. Methods: We classified 18 patients into three group under Kimata's grouping. Type I defect(6 patients) was healed by primary closure or secondary intention. In Type II or III defect, two operation methods were used - the folded flap(8 patients) and modified Gehanno method(4 patients), which include a lateral-posterior pharyngeal rotation-advancement flap. We evaluated wound dehiscence between the flap and the soft palate, speech intelligibility using Hirose's method, regurgitation during oral feeding, and hypernasality. Results: Most of type I or II defects patients recovered satisfactory velopharyngeal function. But, in patients with type III defects we found wound dehiscence, worse speech function, and common velopharyngeal incompetence. Conclusion: The large defect size and presence of wound dehiscence are major factors of postoperative velopharyngeal function. We conclude that folded flap or modified Gehanno method is a good reconstructive operation method for broad contact between the flap and defect site, preventing wound problem.