• 센서학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.178-183
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• 2016

Semiconductor gas sensors based on metal oxide are widely used in a number of applications, from health and safety to energy efficiency and emission control. Nanomaterials including nanowires, nanorods, and nanoparticles have dominated the research focus in this field owing to their large number of surface sites that facilitate surface reactions. Recently, metal oxide hollow structures using soft templates have been developed owing to their high sensing properties with large-area uniformity. Here, we provide a brief overview of metal oxide hollow structures and their gas-sensing properties from the aspects of template size, morphology, and additives. In addition, a gas-sensing mechanism and perspectives are presented.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제37권7A호
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• pp.512-521
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 곱부호를 위한 연판정 데이터의 결합을 이용한 복호 기법을 유한 비트 연판정만을 적용하여 사용할 수 있도록 새로운 연판정 데이터의 결합 법칙을 제시한다. 기존의 무한 연판정을 이용한 복호 기법은 복잡한 tanh 연산에 기반을 두고 있으므로 높은 연산 복잡도와 함께 하드웨어에 적용하기 어려운 단점이 있다. 따라서 기존 복호 기법에서 이용되는 연산들을 분석하여 작성한 간단한 연산 테이블을 이용하여 복호하는 방법을 제시한다. 또한 연판정 데이터를 적용하기 용이한 길쌈부호를 곱부호의 수평부호로 이용하였을 때 연판정 데이터의 결합 방식을 찾는 방법을 제시하고 모의 실험을 통해 성능을 검증한다. 제안된 알고리듬은 4비트 유한 연판정을 적용한 길쌈부호를 곱부호의 수평부호로 이용하였을 때 무한 연판정을 적용한 경우의 성능에 근접함을 보였다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2014년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.102-103
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• 2014

Due to the nature of the existing load, the criteria of assessing the intensity of the lightweight wall's impact resistance has been though of as obscure. The current study, therefore, focuses on the standardized assessment of the impact resistance to the force of the large soft body applying to the lightweight wall. The gypsum board wall showed a low level of the maximum residual displacement. It is, however, required to be careful about the selection of the finishing process since the high level of the maximum displacement is likely to cause harm to finishing materials. Unlike the gypsum board, the ALC block wall displayed a considerable rigidity while showing almost no maximum residual displacement. Even with the low level of the maximum displacement due to the stiffness, the ALC block wall is still likely to be affected by the vibration derived from any impact on the surface, which demands a need for additional study. The future experimental study, accordingly, will focus on the impact of the vibration on finishing materials, consequently leading to the accurate prediction of the possibility of potential damage to the lightweight wall caused by the large soft body.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.265-270
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• 2016

Objectives: To gain information on anatomical variation in anterolateral thigh (ALT) flaps in a series of clinical cases, with special focus on perforators and pedicles, for potential use in reconstruction of oral and maxillofacial soft tissue defects. Materials and Methods: Eight patients who underwent microvascular reconstructive surgery with ALT free flaps after ablative surgery for oral cancer were included. The number of perforators included in cutaneous flaps, location of perforators (septocutaneous or musculocutaneous), and the course of vascular pedicles were intraoperatively investigated. Results: Four cases with a single perforator and four cases with multiple perforators were included in the ALT flap designed along the line from anterior superior iliac spine to patella. Three cases had perforators running the septum between the vastus lateralis and rectus femoris muscle (septocutaneous type), and five cases had perforators running in the vastus lateralis muscle (musculocutaneous type). Regarding the course of vascular pedicles, five cases were derived from the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery (type I), and three cases were from the transverse branch (type II). Conclusion: Anatomical variation affecting the distribution of perforators and the course of pedicles might prevent use of an ALT free flap in various reconstruction cases. However, these issues can be overcome with an understanding of anatomical variation and meticulous surgical dissection. ALT free flaps are considered reliable options for reconstruction of soft tissue defects of the oral and maxillofacial area.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.336-345
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• 2010

GS E&C was awarded the contract for the construction of Hanoi - Hai Phong Expressway Package EX-7 from Station Km 72+000 to Station Km 81+300 in December 2008. This project is the $7^{th}$ contract package of the 105.5 km long expressway near Hai Phong city, which includes a FCM-styled bridge along with high embankments over soft ground. For these high embankments, there is a need to treat the soft soil for improving the overall stability during construction and for reducing the post-construction settlement of the expressway. The Designer of this project had adopted four (4) different types of ground improvement techniques to treat the soft ground, including the prefabricated vertical drains (PVD), sand drains (SD), pack drains (PD, or sometimes called packed sand drains), and sand compaction piles (SCP). The main focus of soft soil treatment should be paid attention to the residual settlement after construction. In current design, however, it appeared that the secondary compression (or creep) of the improved soil layer and the consolidation settlement of the lower untreated compressible soil layer have been neglected in the estimation of the post-construction settlement. These uncalculated residual settlements may not only unsatisfy the design criteria but also raise serious problems during service period of this expressway. In this paper, the subsoil condition and current design were reviewed focusing on the employed soft soil treatment method and expected residual settlement.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.475-482
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• 2010

화상분석(image analysis)을 이용하여 제품의 외관(外觀) 품질을 정량적으로 추정할 수 있는 소프트 센서를 설계하고, 이를 제품의 품질 모니터링에 적용하는 연구를 수행하였다. 여기에 사용된 방법론은 크게 다음의 세 단계로 구성되어 있다: (1) 웨이블릿 변환(wavelet transform)을 이용한 화상으로부터의 질감(texture) 특징 추출, (2) 추출된 질감특징의 부공간 투영(projection on subspace)을 통한 제품 외관의 추정, 그리고 (3) 질감특징의 잠재변수(latent variables) 즉, 외관의 수치적 추정치를 목적에 맞게 사용. 이 방법에서는 제품의 외관을 서로 다른 불연속적인 부류로의 분류 보다는, 연속적인 외관 변화를 일관적이고 정량적으로 추정하는데 초점을 두고자 한다. 이 방법은 인조대리석 외관의 수치적 추정과 품질 모니터링 적용사례를 통해 설명되었다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제6권12호
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• pp.3061-3080
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• 2012

To improve the sensing performance, cooperation among secondary users can be utilized to collect space diversity. In this paper, we focus on the optimization of cooperative spectrum sensing in which multiple cognitive users efficiently cooperate to achieve superior detection accuracy with minimum sensing error probability in multiple cross-over cognitive radio networks. The analysis focuses on two fusion strategies: soft information fusion and hard information fusion. Under soft information fusion, the optimal threshold of the energy detector is derived in both noncooperative single-user and cooperative multiuser sensing scenarios. Under hard information fusion, the optimal randomized rule and the optimal decision threshold are derived according to the rule of minimum sensing error (MSE). MSE rule shows better performance on improving the final false alarm and detection probability simultaneously. By simulations, our proposed strategy optimizes the sensing performance for each cognitive user which is randomly distributed in the multiple cross-over cognitive radio networks.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.90-95
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• 1995

This is an extermely rare disease and a case of tuberculous osteomyelitis of mandible in a 45-year-old woman was reported. The patient was visited for complaining slight facial swelling on left side and purulent discharge from extracted socket. Roentgenograhic examination of the mandible revealed bone destruction on left side of mandibular body. Destructive lesion was removed with saucerization and specimen from the involved soft tissue and bone were sent for microscopic examination. This case proved to be primary tuberculous osteomyelitis caused by the absence of primary focus. After 3 months follow-up check, we noticed good prognosis of bone and soft tissue healing.

• 센서학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.370-377
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• 2023

Soft and stretchable electronics, equipped with diverse functional devices, have recently garnered attention owing to their versatility in applications such as stretchable displays, flexible batteries, and electronic skin (e-skin). A fundamental challenge in realizing stretchable electronics lies in conferring the necessary flexibility to crucial electrical components such as electrodes and devices. However, the prevalent electronic materials, exhibit limited stretchability, presenting a significant obstacle to the advancement of soft and stretchable electronics. To overcome this challenge, various strategies rooted in geometrical engineering have been explored to enhance the adaptability of rigid materials. This study delves into the realm of geometrical engineering by, examining techniques such as serpentine patterns, kirigami-inspired designs, and island structures, with a keen focus on recent progress and future prospects.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.300-308
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• 2019

Objectives: This research was conducted to identify the consumers' food choice factors that affect the consumers' replacement of soft drinks with carbonated water. Methods: The present study used secondary data from a consumer panel survey conducted by the Rural Development Administration of Korea, and the data included the panel members' purchase records based on their monthly spending receipts. The survey asked the participants about their food choice factors and their personal responsibility for their health. This survey included independent variables for the consumers' food purchase factors. As a dependent variable, two types of groups were defined. The replacement group included those people who increased their purchase of carbonated water and decreased their purchase of soft drinks. The non-replacement group included those people who did not change their purchase patterns or they increased their purchase of soft drinks and they decreased their purchase of carbonated water. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the consumers' food choice factors that were associated with replacing soft drinks with carbonated water. Results: The replacement group was significantly associated with (1) a younger age (OR=0.953), (2) being a housewife (OR=2.03), (3) higher income (OR=1.001) and (4) less concern about price (OR=0.819) when purchasing food. This group also showed (5) higher enjoyment (OR=1.328) when choosing food and (6) they took greater responsibly for their personal health (OR=1.233). Conclusions: This research is the first study to mainly focus on soft drinks and carbonated water. The result of this research showed that young, health-conscious consumers with a higher income and who are more interested in food have more possibilities to replace soft drinks with carbonated water. These research findings may be applied to consumers who have characteristics that are similar to the young health-conscious consumers and the results can help to suggest ways to reduce sugar intake and improve public health. However, this research has a limitation due to the application of secondary data. Therefore, a future study is needed to develop detailed survey questions about food choice factors and to extend these factors to all beverages, including soft drinks made with sugar substitutes, so as to reflect the growth of alternative industries that use artificial sweeteners or different types of sugar to make commercially available drinks.