• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.76-82
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• 1978

To evaluate clinically effect of Valium and Sodium pentobarbital as premedicating agent, both drugs and a placebo were compared in 45 patients (2 to 11 yrs). The results were as follows. 1. Both Sodium pentobarbital and Valium were superior to placebo for control of crying, cooperation and apprehension, but the statistically differences were not significant. 2. Both Valium and Sodium pentobarbital were superior to placebo for control of behavior in tense cooperative child; the differences were significant statistically. 3. The difference between Pentobarbital and Valium were-more pronounced at the initial level than at the subsequent readings, and Sodium pentobarbital was for superior at the initial level to the other drugs. 4. Paradoxical excitement occured in 2 cases on the Sodium pentobarbital group, and other apparent side effect did not occur, excluding mild drowsiness. 5. Neither Valium nor Sodium pentobarbital, as used in this study, resulted in consistantly better behavior in all patients.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.198-203
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• 1999

Loxoprofen-Na (sodium 2-〔4-(2-oxocyclopentylmethyl)pheny)propionate dihydrate) is a potent analgesic drug. We developed loxoprofen-Na plasters to extend duration time of analgesic activity and to reduce side effect on gastrointestinal tract. Analgesic effect of Loxoprofen-Na plasters was investigated. Loxoprofen-Na plaster had good analgesic effect in rat paw pressure test, Tail-flick latency test and acetic acid-induced writhing test. Also, it had anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan-induced rat hind paw edema. In pharmacokinetic study of Loxoprofen-Na, plasters dosage form showed that plasma drug concentration was prolonged up to 14 hours. So, we can conclude that loxoprofen-Na plasters, when applied on skin, will be a new type of drug for controlling the various local pain or inflammation.

• Mycobiology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.219-224
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• 2002

Growth studies of Catenaria anguillulae isolates in response to sodium chloride indicated that all the isolates grew in linseed oil-cake agar medium containing sodium chloride up to 1.0%. Medium with 1.5% sodium chloride, however, completely checked the growth of all the isolates. The size of zoosporangia greatly increased with abundant zoospore production in medium containing sodium chloride at 0.5%.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.74-82
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• 1982

In the previous study, we have reported the effect of lowering water activity of sodium chloride, sugars and polyols. In this study, water activity($a_w$)of various model Preparations of Kamaboko was measured and ability of lowering $a_w$ of starch, glycine and sodium lactate was discussed. In addition, the aw measurements were also compared to the predicted values of au which were derived from the equation of Raoult's law and the linear slope method by Sloan ana Labuza. The effect of starch on lowering $a_w$ was very low, and glycine was more effective than starch. Sodium lactate was shown to be the most effective among humectants examined. When it was added by $7.5\%$, the $a_w$ of model Kamaboko A was reduced to 0.93-0.94. Generally, prediction by the equation of Raoult's law turned out to be useful for determining $a_w$ lowering effect of humectants, excepting sodium chloride and sodium lactate. The equation of regression derived from the least squares could be applied to Predicting au in the model Kamaboko.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.946-956
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• 2020

To identify the effect of sodium-alternative curing salts on the quality properties of salami through the ripening process, four salami treatments were prepared with different curing salts, T1 (-control, NaCl 1.9%), T2 (+control, NaCl 1.9%+NaNO₂ 0.01%), T3 (KCl 1.9%+NaNO₂ 0.01%), and T4 (MgCl₂ 1.9%+NaNO₂ 0.01%), under 40 days ripening conditions. Sodium-alternative salts (T3 or T4) showed characteristically different quality traits compared with T2. Especially, T3 had lower pH, water activity, volatile basic nitrogen, and lipid oxidation after 20 days of ripening period, compare with T2 or T4 (p<0.05). Sodium nitrite had critical impact on increased a* values, and T3 showed higher a* values compared with T2 or T4 (p<0.05). Sodium nitrite reduced initial growth of coliforms but sodium-alternative salts did not affect microbial growth patterns. T2-T4 containing sodium nitrite had higher content of umami nucleotide flavor compounds compared with T1, regardless of the chlorine salt species. The combined use of sodium-alternative curing salts and minimal sodium nitrite was found to be an applicable strategy on development of low sodium salami without a trade-off of the product quality.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.214-217
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• 2005

Mammalian cell culture in the presence of sodium butyrate has been shown to enhance protein biosynthesis. In the present study, the effect of sodium butyrate on growth of recombinant Chinese Hamster Ovary cells and on the production of Iduronate 2-sulphatase were investigated in serum-containing and serum-free media. The culture with addition of 0-5mM sodium butyrate showed enhancement of both intracellular and extracellular IDS production. But, Cell death was observed in a dose-dependent manner. The optimal sodium butyrate concentration was observed to be 5mM. Also, The relative productivity of IDS was significantly increased when sodium butyrate was added to medium at 48 hour, the rapid growth phase. These results suggest that sodium butyrate are efficient agent for increasing the productivity of IDS with recombinant CHO cells.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.220-228
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• 2010

This study examines the scouring effect of pectinase on ramie fabric and influence of sodium sulfate as an activator for pectinase. The scouring effects were measured by the weight loss and pectin contents. SEM, weight loss, stiffness, moisture regain and dye ability of ramie fabric teated with pectinase/sodium sulfate were also measured. When ramie fabrics were desized with $\alpha$-amylase, the optimum conditions were pH 6.5 at $60^{\circ}C$ for 80 min with 1%(o.w.f) $\alpha$-amylase concentration. When ramie fabrics were scoured with pectinase, the optimum conditions were pH 8.5 at $55^{\circ}C$ for 30 min with 10%(o.w.f) pectinase concentration. Addition of sodium sulfate improved enzyme activity significantly, which increased proportionally with increasing sodium sulfate concentration. When 50 g/l of sodium sulfate was added, the surface became cleaner compared to the enzyme treatment without salt: weight and tensile loss, moisture regain and dyeability of the treated fabrics increased, while pectin contents and stiffness decreased. Therfore, sodium sulfate was effective activator for the pectinase treatment of flax fiber.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.545-551
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• 2010

Hydrophobically monoendcapped poly(sodium acrylate)s formed hydrophobic microdomains in water. This was concluded on poly(sodium acrylate)s with a linear $C_{12}$-alkyl chain attached specifically at the end of the polymer. There was no well defined CMC (critical micelle concentration), but rather a gradual transition from a micelle free solution to a micelle solution. Steady state fluorescence spectroscopy indicates that the micro domains are rather hydrophobic. At pH 5 in the abscence of salt and at pH 9 in the prescence of 1 M sodium citrate the CAC (critical aggregation concentration) was in the range of 0.1 to 2.4 mM. However at pH 5 there was a linear increase in the transition concentration with a head-group size due to an increase in steric and electrostatic repulsions between polymer main chains. At pH 9 in the abscence of salt the transition concentration was in the range of 1 to 80 mM. For the larger polymers there was a effect which consisted of a concentration gradient of sodium counterion toward the hydrophobic domain. The effect was larger for the larger polymers because of the higher total sodium concentration and the less steep counterion concentration gradient.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.47-59
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• 2019

This study was composed of four treatments [no treatment, phosphate + limestone layer treatment, phosphate + sodium bicarbonate + cement layer treatment, and phosphate + sodium bicarbonate + limestone layer treatment] for figuring out vegetation effects on the acid drainage slope. Treated acid neutralizing techniques were effective for neutralizing acidity and vegetative growth in order of [first: phosphate + sodium bicarbonate + limestone layer treatment, second: phosphate + sodium bicarbonate+cement layer treatment, third: phosphate + limestone layer treatment and fourth: no treatment] on the acid drainage slope. We found out that sodium bicarbonate treatment was additory effect on neutralizing acidity and increasing vegetaive growth besides phosphate and neutralizing layer treatments. In neutralizing layer treatments, Limestone layer was more effective for vegetation and acidity compared to cement layer treatment. Cement layer showed negative initial vegetative growth probably due to high soil hardness and toxicity in spite of acid neutralizing effect. Concerning plants growth characteristics, The surface coverage rates of herbaceous plants, namely as Lotus corniculatus var. japonicus and Coreopsis drummondii L were high in the phosphate + sodium bicarbonate + limestone layer treatment while Festuca arundinacea was high in the phosphate + sodium bicarbonate + cement layer treatment. We also figured out that soil acidity affected more on root than top vegetative growth.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.299-307
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• 2016

In order to clarify the availability of heat treatment for catechu dyeing, effect of color developing by heating process on cotton fabrics dyed with catechu extract was investigated. Dyed fabrics were heated various time(min) at $150^{\circ}C$. The cases of non-mordanting and mordanting were compared, and examined the effect of sodium acetate as an agent to promote the color developing to fabrics. Experiments with after-mordanting method showed that various colors can be obtained using catechu. K/S values of dyed fabrics with Al, Cu, Fe mordant were higher than the case of no mordant. The fabric by Cu mordanting showed 3 times to the case of no mordant. Fabrics dyed with catechu by mordanting lowered $L^*$ value while there was little change in $a^*$, $b^*$ value as the heating process progressed. Therefore, K/S values were increased due to heating process. The effects of adding sodium acetate in dyeing bath on dyed fabrics were shown higher K/S values, and the $L^*$ values were lower than those without sodium acetate according to heating time increase. The result show sodium acetate had a promoting effect on the color developing to the fabrics by heating process, it was very effective.