• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.143-152
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to provide practical data for proposing the housing environment support policy, fit for returners-to-village. For the purpose, this study focused the patterns of returners-to-village according to their experience of rural life, and their ways of settlement like planning and getting land and house. The questionnaires were answered by 91 persons who were living in Chungbuk area, and were analyzed chi-analysis on their socio-demographic characteristics according to experience of rural life, preparation of settlement and construction. The ANOVA were used to analyze their pattern of return according to experience, the period for getting house, and their satisfaction level of house size. The results were as follows. First, the returners showed differentiated tendency according to their experience of rural life, in their age, family life cycle, education level and income source after return. The experience of rural life explained the purpose of return and the living pattern after return. Direct experience group was mostly occupational farmer; indirect experience group mostly pursued good health & green life; non experience group mostly pursued green life. Second, the experience of rural life also explained differentiated tendency of returning preparation. In raising money, direct experience group mostly raised it privately but indirect or non experience group mostly used bank loan. Third, the returners mostly constructed new houses; non experience group almost constructed newly, but there were cases to utilize existing or vacant house in direct experience group, and indirect experience group favored existing house or remodeling of vacant house.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.263-269
• /
• 2006

Objectives: As the number of people with disabilities is increasing and their needs for care are varied, the continuum and comprehensiveness of their rehabilitative care are getting more important. This study was performed to understand the utilization of rehabilitation services and requirements of care among the people with severe disabilities in Korea. Methods: We interviewed 578 disabled persons who had severe extremity and cerebral impairment in the urban and rural areas of Korea. The questionnaire included questions on their general characteristics, the type of disability, their physical function (ADL, IADL), their use of rehabilitation services after discharge and their requirements for rehabilitation care Results: Only 12.6% of people with disability in the community continuously used the available medical rehabilitation care. The associated factors for utilization of rehabilitation services were pain and admission for rehabilitative treatment in the acute phase. There was a great need for rehabilitation services in community and this varied according to gender, the socio-economic status, the functional status and the geographic region. The gap between utilization and need for rehabilitation services was largest in the economic support. The gap of primary health care was larger in the rural area than in the urban area. Conclusions: The needs for rehabilitation service were diverse according to the individual functional status, the regional characteristics and other general characteristics of people with disability. Strategies should be considered to eliminate the barriers to obtain rehabilitation services for the people with disability in the community.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.39 no.5
• /
• pp.389-396
• /
• 2006

Objectives: A community-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine theprevalence of osteoporosis and to evaluate the effects of body composition, health behaviors and reproductive history on bone density in postmenopausal women. Methods: The study subjects were 362 postmenopausal women, aged 45 years old or over, who were invited to the hospital. Information on their socio-demographic characteristics and the potential risk factors such as their past medical history, smoking, alcohol intake, exercise, diet and menstrual/reproductive histories were collected by trained interviewers. Weight, height, the body mass index ($kg/m^{2}$), and body composition variables were measured. Bone mineral density of the lumbar spine was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results: The prevalence of osteoporosis was 30.6% in the $45{\sim}64$ years old women, 52.5% in the elderly women aged $65{\sim}74$, and 68.7% in the women aged 75 years or over. After adjustment for the effect of potential covariates, those women in the highest 25% (4th quartile) of the lean body mass are less likely to have osteoporosis (aOR=0.31, 95% CI=0.12-0.76), compared with the lowest quartile group. More parity also had significantly detrimental effects on osteoporosis. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women increased with age from 46.3% of those aged 45-64 to 68.7% for those aged 75 and over. Lean body mass and parity appeared significant contributor to bone mineral density in postmenopausal women in this population.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.649-658
• /
• 2013

Recently, an urgent issue of the global environment in the 21st century is the well-established paradigm of a sustainable and circulatory system. In the field of construction, it is important to approach sustainablity issues from a structural engineering point of view. The reusable steel structural system, which can adapt to changes in socio-economic conditions and varied demands, realized that the consumption of natural resources was minimized, the environmental load was reduced as much as possible. In order to reuse and recombinant the structural members, removable PC slab connection was introduced. This paper investigates the structural performance and serviceability by the dynamic characteristics of the steel beam to concrete slab connection.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.15-27
• /
• 2005

The water and carbon cycles in terrestrial ecosystems are the essential database for better understanding of the causes and the current processes of climate change and for the prediction of its future change. CarboKorea and HydroKorea are dedicated research efforts to develop technologies to quantitatively interpret and forecast carbon/water cycles in typical landscapes of Korea. For this, stable isotope studies have been launched to genetically partition various components of carbon/water cycles in terrestrial ecosystems. From stable isotope studies, practical deliverables such as evaporation, transpiration and gross primary productivity (GPP) can be provided at scales from tower (footprint) to large watersheds. Such reliable field-based information will form an important database to be used for validation of the results from various eco-hydrological models and satellite image analysis which constitute main components of Carbo/HydroKorea project. Stable isotope studies, together with other relevant researches, will contribute to derive quantitative interpretation of carbon/water cycles in terrestrial ecosystems and support Carbo/HydroKorea to become a leading research infrastructure to answer pending scientific and socio-economic questions in relation to global changes.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.15 no.16
• /
• pp.6755-6760
• /
• 2014

Background: Oral cancer is a common form of cancer in India, particularly among men. About 95% are squamous cell carcinomas. Tobacco along with alcohol are regarded as the major risk factors. Objectives: (i) To determine associations of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with respect to gender, age group, socioeconomic status and risk habits; (ii) To observe the distribution of affected oral anatomical sites and clinico-pathological profile in OSCC patients. Materials and Methods: This is an unmatched case-control study during period January 2012 to December 2013. Total of 471 confirmed OSCC patients and 556 control subjects were enrolled. Data on socio-demography, risk habits with duration and medical history were recorded. Results: There were significant associations between OSCC with middle age (41-50years; unadjusted OR=1.63, 95%CI=1.05-2.52, p=0.02) (51-60 years; unadjusted OR=1.79, 95%CI=1.15-2.79, p=0.009) and male subjects (unadjusted OR=2.49, 95%CI=1.89-3.27, p=0.0001). Cases with both habits of tobacco chewing and smoking were at a higher risk for OSCC than tobacco chewing alone (unadjusted OR=0.52, 95%CI=0.38-0.72, p=0.0001), duration of risk habits also emerged as a responsible factor for the development of carcinoma. The majority of patients were presented in well-differentiated carcinomas (39.9%). Prevalence of advance stages (TNM stage III, IV) was 23.4% and 18.3% respectively. The buccal mucosa was the most common (35.5%) affected oral site. Conclusions: In most Asian countries, especially India, there is an important need to initiate the national level public awareness programs to control and prevent oral cancer by screening for early diagnosis and support a tobacco free environment.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.16 no.11
• /
• pp.264-270
• /
• 2016

This study examined how the police officers use their annual leaves. While Korean police officers have burdens of heavy workload exceeding their regular office hours, they are passive to get leaves to keep in shape from long hours of work, to maintain the appropriate level of work productivity, and to secure time for leisure and cultural activities. It appeared that most of the police officers surveyed haven't used their annual leaves for less than half of the days designated by law. It also appeared tat female officers used more leaves than male officers, and married officers than single ones. Considering the characteristics of work environment, it showed that officers doing shift work had less days of leaves than officers in non-shift work. The reasons why the police take leaves passively lie on various factors that heavy workload, work-oriented life, work-oriented police organizational culture preceding family and so forth. Therefore, it needed to supplement the personnels to meet the needs of overwhelming workload of the police and to allocate the work properly in advance. In addition, it needed to raise the awareness of the police managers and proliferation of organizational culture to place emphasis on balance between work and family.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2003.05a
• /
• pp.219-225
• /
• 2003

The World Commission on Dams (WCD) in November 2000 published "Dams and Development" as its only and final report. The report proposed "internationally acceptable criteria and standards" Despite the (act that the WCD itself did not regard the report as a blue print, many NGO's strongly support the report and the guidelines, and demand that they be adopted in their current form by funding organizations. The WCD recommendations and guidelines were found to have several "generic" problems, and the proposed guidelines appear unable to be applied as they stand. The authors assume that only several of these guidelines are operational and many of these are either too experimental or theoretical to be put into use. Furthermore, some seemingly "ready for operation" guidelines still need to be enhanced to be really operational in the real world. About 2,000 large dams were constructed in Japan after the Second World War. Various principles and mechanisms were then developed to better address the issues related to involuntary resettlement. The knowledge accumulated through large dam construction projects in Japan may be applied to other countries. The aim of this paper is to identify the lessons, out of the experiences gained in Japan through large dam construction projects in the past, which could be applicable for future large dam construction projects in other nations. The socio-economic settings as well as legal frameworks in Japan may differ other nation. Nevertheless, the following aspects of the experiences gained in Japan are found to be both applicable and useful for future large dam construction projects abroad: (a) Integrity of community in the negotiation process, (b) Provision of alternative occupations, (c) Funding mechanism in the post-project period, (d) Measures needed during planning process, and (e) Making resettlers "shareholders". These lessons may prove useful to enhance the WCD guidelines.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.49-55
• /
• 1990

Zoonoses are those diseases and infections that are naturally transmitted between vertebrate animals and man. At present, approximately 175 diseases caused by virus, rickettsia, bacteria, protozoa and helminthes as well as some of arthropods and the number is continually increasing. Although zoonoses are generally recognized as significant health problems, the actual prevalence and incidence of zoonotic infections is difficult to determine. Medical services in a rural area are scarce and ill persons may have little chance to see a physician. Furthermore, a lack of physician awareness and of appropriate diagnostic support is made often misdiagnosis. In rural Korea, parasitic disease is still important subject in the field of zoonotic infections considering its number and morbidity. Recently there was conspicuous reduction of soil-transmitted parasitic diseases (i.e. ascariasis. hookworms, trichuriasis), but clonorchiasis. intestinal trematodiases and taeniasis are a considerable problem. This is often significantly related to human behavioral patterns based on socio-economic and cultural conditions and linked with the local biologic and physical environment. The most of all parasitic zoonoses to man and animals are the food-transmitted parasitic diseases, and domestic animals such as dog, cat, pig, as well as fat and some mammals, ruminants and birds are act as reservoir hosts. In the present topics, current problems of parasitic zoonoses caused by protozoan infections (i. e. toxoplasmosis, pneumocystosis and cryptosporidiosis) which are the most common opportunistic in AIDS or immunocompromised persons, trematode infections (i.e. clonorchiasis, paragonimiasis and some intestinal tremadodiases). cestode infections such as cysticercosis and sparganosis, and some nematode infections of anisakiasis, thelaziasis and strongyloidiasis, are discussed here those on the occurrence in man and animals and the source of transmission as well as prevention and control measures in Korea.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.15 no.10
• /
• pp.387-397
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the regional change of dental scaling experience by scaling insurance coverage in July, 2013. The data were used in the "Community Health Survey" of the 2012 and 2014. The results of the study are as follows; 1) The subjective oral health status and brushing of lunch was highest in Gangnam-gu in both 2012 and 2014(p<0.001). 2) Regular dental check-up was high in Gangnam-gu in both 2012 and 2014(p<0.001). 3) The Scaling experience rate increased in all three regions(p<0.001). 4) The socio-demographic characteristics and scaling experience were higher in 2012 and 2014(p<0.001). The scaling experience was higher when there were office workers and spouses(p<0.001). From the policy perspective, it seems necessary to take measures to reduce the gap in scaling experience rate due to differences in income and unequal medical environment.