• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2012

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people comprise about 2.5% of the Australian population. Cancer registry data indicate that their breast cancer survivals are lower than for other women but the completeness and accuracy of Indigenous descriptors on registries are uncertain. We followed women receiving mammography screening in BreastScreen to determine differences in screening experiences and survivals from breast cancer by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status, as recorded by BreastScreen. This status is self-reported and used in BreastScreen accreditation, and is considered to be more accurate. The study included breast cancers diagnosed during the period of screening and after leaving the screening program. Design: Least square regression models were used to compare screening experiences and outcomes adjusted for age, geographic remoteness, socio-economic disadvantage, screening period and round during 1996-2005. Survival of breast cancer patients from all causes and from breast cancer specifically was compared for the 1991-2006 diagnostic period using linked cancer-registry data. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to adjust for socio-demographic differences, screening period, and where available, tumour size, nodal status and proximity of diagnosis to time of screen. Results: After adjustment for socio-demographic differences and screening period, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women participated less frequently than other women in screening and re-screening although this difference appeared to be diminishing; were less likely to attend post-screening assessment within the recommended 28 days if recalled for assessment; had an elevated ductal carcinoma in situ but not invasive cancer detection rate; had larger breast cancers; and were more likely than other women to be treated by mastectomy than complete local excision. Linked cancer registry data indicated that five-year year survivals of breast cancer cases from all causes of death were 81% for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women, compared with 90% for other women, and that the former had larger breast cancers that were more likely to have nodal spread at diagnosis. After adjusting for socio-demographic factors, tumour size, nodal spread and time from last screen to diagnosis, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women had approximately twice the risk of death from breast cancer as other women. Conclusions: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women have less favourable screening experiences and those diagnosed with breast cancer (either during the screening period or after leaving the screening program) have lower survivals that persist after adjustment for socio-demographic differences, tumour size and nodal status.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.177-185
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• 2015

사회적으로 규정된 성별 역할차이는 디지털기기가 일상화된 21세기에도 디지털기기 활용의 성별차이로 이어지고 있다. 디지털기기 활용에 대한 성별, 연령대별 차이에 대한 종전연구가 디지털기기 접근성을 중심으로 발생한 격차를 다루었다면, 초고속 인터넷과 모바일의 급속한 성장으로 열린 스마트시대는 휴대전화이용객의 80%이상이 언제 어디서나 물리적으로 디지털기기에 접근가능한 상태이므로 전시대의 물리적 접근격차로서는 중장년 여성의 디지털기기 미활용 현상을 설명하는 데 한계가 있다. 본고에서는 여성의 디지털기기 활용을 사회기술융합적인 관점에서 접근하여 가장 보편적인 여가활동이며 디지털화에 민감한 관광이라는 목적적 활동을 중심으로 2013년에 열린 순천 정원박람회 참가객을 대상으로 중년여성의 디지털기기 활용을 살펴보았다. 본 연구의 결과는 인터넷과 디지털 기술 선진국에서 보여지는 여성의 디지털기기 활용의 이중적인 양상으로 해석될 수 있으며, 중년여성의 디지털기기 활용의 비활성화는 기술적 요인과 융합된 사회적, 정서적 요인으로 파악되어 한국사회에서 여성의 사회적 경제적 위치를 함의적으로 시사하며 동시에 생산자 측면에서는 향후 디지털기기 마케팅에 정성적 커뮤니케이션의 필요성을 환기시킨다.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.87-101
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• 2003

Recently, rice producers and related institutions have started to brand rice to increase sale. Despite such trend and the significance of rice branding to many parties including policy makers, no previous research has studied the relationship between consumers' psychological and socio-economic factors that underline consumer choice and judgment of branded rice. This paper discusses the variables related to branding through a survey based on 242 convenience consumer samples selected in Seoul metropolitan area in Korea, and presents the results and their implication for future research. The major findings are: 1) Consumers are reasonably well aware of rice-branding practices, and the main source of such information is in-store displays and packages, 2) It appears that consumers in general choose a rice brand based mainly on its taste and nutrition, and 3) the perceived difference among rice brands differs depending on some consumer characteristics. The perceived differences among rice brands in taste and in nutrition are relatively high for brand-loyal consumers and high-income consumers respectively. The perceived difference among rice brands in brand reputation is also relatively high for young, low-income, and brand-loyal consumers.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.557-570
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• 2006

본 논문은 대구시 지원봉사활동에 있어서 자원봉사자와 자원봉사활동 수혜자간의 지역적 불균형을 분석하고 이러한 불균형을 최소화하기 위한 방안을 제시하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 자원봉사활동에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석한 결과, 자원봉사자의 경우 소득과 학력에 따라 계층화되어 주거수준에 따라 자원봉사자율의 편차가 심하고 구(區)별로 다르게 나타난다. 자원봉사활동 수혜자의 경우 특정 소단위지역에 집중분포하면서 구(區)별 차이보다는 동별 격차가 상당히 심하게 나타났다. 이러한 자원봉사자와 자원봉사활동의 공간불균형을 조정하기 위해서는 자원봉사자의 지역간 교류를 극대화하는 전략이 마련되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.268-282
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• 2012

개발도상국에서 선진국으로의 국제결혼의 가장 중요한 동기로는 경제적으로 보다 여유로운 삶의 추구를 들 수 있다. 그러나 이들 결혼이주자들의 결혼 전후의 경제적 상황을 비교분석한 경험적 연구는 전무하다고해도 과언이 아니다. 본 연구는 한국의 베트남 여성 결혼이주자를 사례로 결혼 전후의 경제상황의 변화에 대한 인식을 그들의 사회 경제적 특성과 관련하여 분석하였다. 한국의 베트남 여성 결혼이주자의 결혼동기 역시 경제적인 이유인 경우가 약 80%정도를 차지하였다. 그러나 실제로 이들 가구의 경제적 수준은 상대적으로 매우 낮다. 이를 반영하듯 이들의 절반 정도는 결혼 전후 경제적 상황이 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 인식하고 있으며, 결혼 후 경제적 상황이 나아졌다고 인식하는 비율이 그렇지 않다는 비율보다는 4배 이상 높았다. 이러한 결혼 전후의 경제상황의 변화에 대한 인식과 그들의 사회 경제적 특성과의 관계에서는 본인과 남편의 교육수준, 한국어 능력, 직장 유무, 남편의 소득 수준 그리고 가계관리 여부, 한국에서의 거주기간과는 정(正)의 상관관계가 있었다. 그러나 베트남에서의 직업 유무 및 베트남으로의 송금 여부와는 상관관계가 별로 크지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 베트남 여성 결혼이주자의 대부분은 현재 본인의 가족뿐만 아니라 베트남 가족의 경제적 여건을 제고하기 위한 취업에 대한 의욕이 매우 높았다. 따라서 이들의 취업을 위한 보다 구체적인 정책적 대안이 마련되어야 할 것이다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.72-109
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• 1999

This study is conducted to investigate the current status on the utilization of health care and plan for solving this problem. The claims data of the fiscal tear 1995 obtained from the regional health insurance society are used for the study. The main findings of the study are summarized as follows. Indexes(The Extremal Quotient(EQ), coefficients of variance(CV's))which represent the regional difference in the admission rate of the tertiary medical diagnosis group report that there is difference in quantity and quality of utilization of health care. The admission rate is lower in the big city areas, Kyoungkido, Kangwondo and Chunlapukdo. Even after age-sex adjustment, the admission rate is still low in Kangwondo, Chunlapukdo and Kyoungsangpukdo. The big city areas tend to have higher rates in the expenses per claim, hospital days per claim, and daily expenses but the rates are still low in some area in Kangwondo, Chunlanamdo and Kyoungsangpukdo. This result remains as same after age-sex adjustment. There is a large regional difference in average utilization rate for the tertiary hospital of the tertiary medical diagnosis group: 57.2%(SD 11.53). The utilization rates for the tertiary hospital in their large catchment area are 96.34%, 83.19% and 73.22% in each Kyoungin, Kyoungnam and Kyoungpuk areas whereas it is lower in a Chungpuk and Chungnam areas. The regional differences of health care utilization of the tertiary medical diagnosis group gave some relationships with their geographical characteristics such as socio-economic characteristics and supply factors of medical services. It is important that many medical policies should be developed in order to minimize and balance out the regional differences of health care utilization. The service allocation policy should include the reconstruction of manpower policy, developing the resource allocating formula, finding the self-sufficient catchment area and reforcing of public health services. Moreover, in order to achieve the balanced development by region, they should investigate and consider each county's microscopic properties under the consistent macrocopic policy. The further studies to find causes of regional difference are needed.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.355-376
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the variables that had an effect on the maturity of career attitude in middle school students. Independent variables were categorized into three groups: individual-related variables, family-related variables, and school-related variables. The individual-related variables were gender difference, academic year, academic achievement, and self-efficacy. The family-related variables were socio-economic status of the family, communication about career with parents, parental support, sibling's support, and value orientation of the family. The school-related variables included communication about career with friends, teacher's support, and friend's support. The subjects of this study were 490 students who were selected at random from first, second, and third grade of middle school in Daegu. A questionnaire was used for the survey. It consisted of a career attitude maturity scale, a self-efficacy scale, a communication scale, a value orientation of the family scale, and a social support scale. The data was analyzed by factor analysis, multiple regression analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis. The major findings of this study are summarized as follow: First, among the individual-related variables that had an effect on the maturity of career attitude in middle school students, self-efficacy affected all sub-factors of how mature they were in matters relating to career. Academic achievement affected decisiveness and preparation-- maturity of career attitude subfactors. And gender difference and academic year affected preparation and goal orientation. Second, the results of the family-related variables that had an effect on the maturity of career attitudes in middle school students were that communication about career with parents affected decisiveness, preparation, and confidence-- maturity of career attitude sub-factors, socio-economic status of the family and sibling's support affected confidence. And value orientation of the family affected goal orientation and independence. Third, the results of the school-related variables that had an effect on the maturity of career attitude in middle school students were that communication about career with friends affected preparation-- a maturity of career attitude sub-factor; teacher's support affected decisiveness, preparation, and confidence; and friend's support affected confidence and independence. Fourth, decisiveness, preparation, and confidence among the maturity of career attitude sub-factors were affected the most by individual variables. And self-efficacy was the most significant. Goal orientation and independence were affected the most by family-related variables.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.79-94
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• 2023

This study aims at identifying the characteristics of various income earning activities conducted by small family farms, so-called pluriactivity, in Korea, Traditionally small farm households have been regarded in Korea as those who have not only very limited economic capability, but also very low status in rural society. However, in Europe, since the 1990s, there have been some researches found out the role of small farms in socio-economic development of rural regions. These tended to conclude that such various economic activities of small farms' may contribute to the development of rural region. Introducing the concept of pluriactivity from the European studies, this study carried out surveys and interviews with 38 small farm household in Chungnam region in terms of the fundamental reasons for pluriactivity and the impact on rural economies. The analysis revealed the main reason of pluriactivity could be the lack of income for family. Nevertheless, this study also identified another important reason of pluriactivity that small farms' desire to live in rural areas may drive them to do the pluriactivity. It may mean that farming could not be the main option for them to live in rural areas. In addition, it was confirmed that this pluriactivity has a positive impact on rural areas, such as landscape management, job creation, and cultural provision. Along with this, it was confirmed that there is a difference in pluriactivity characteristics according to age. It then necessary concludes that the rural development policy must consider the characteristics of farm households when they provide the support for farming and non-farming activities.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.14-20
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• 1972

It is well known fact that physical growth and development of children are influenced by many factors. The importance of socio-economic, geographic and cultural background cannot be over-emphasized in the evaluation of general pattern of physical growth and development of children. In this study the author measured and studied the body height and body weight of children living in the region of mine and industry located in Young-Wol Kun, Kang-Won Do, for the purpose of exploring out the influence of socio-geographic factors to act on physical growth and development of children. Total number of samples were 4,147 comprising 2,170 in male and 1,977 in female with ages ranging from 7 to 15. 1) The growth curves showed that young males grow slowly by 14 years of age, here-after rapidly and the young females grow slowly by 12 years of age, rapidly by 13 years of age and slowly thereafter. 2) The annual increment curves of body height and body weight showed that the most increment of female occurs by 13 years of age and that of mate, by 15 years of age. 3) The growth curves of the male and female crossed twice. It shows the difference of the pattern of growth between the both sexes. 4) The standards for the children in this region were presented. 5) The time of changes of stndard deviation curves of body height and body wegiht coincided nearly with that of annual increment. 6) Body weight and body height .of the children is larger than that of Korean children before World War II, but smaller than that of standards of recent Korean.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.198-206
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to compare sexual concerns and adjustment between men and women with spinal cord injuries. A total of 108 persons (67 men and 41 women), registered to the Spinal Cord Injury Organization or admitted at rehabilitation unit from February 1999 to February 2000, were selected as subjects of the study. Participants answered the questionnaires concerning importance of life events, sexual concern, sexual adjustment, relationship with a sex partner, and depression. The results are as follows : 1) There were no significant differences between men and women in the general characteristics except sexual dysfunction. 2) With respect to eleven different life areas, sex life ranked the fifth among men, whereas it occupied the lowest position for women among the 11 areas. However economic status was the most highly-ranked for both sex. 3) Men took much interest in the "methods and techniques for achieving sexual satisfaction", "Helping a partner cope emotionally with limitations on sexual activity", whereas women were interested in "Helping a partner cope emotionally with limitations on sexual activity" and "Ability to have children". 4) The means of sexual adjustment, relationship with a sex partner, and depression among men were higher than women. But there was no significant difference between two groups. As a result, the study suggests that there are no significant differences in the general characteristics between men and women with spinal cord injuries except sexual dysfunction. Men evaluated the sexual events highly compared to women, and differences were also shown in terms of sexual concerns between men and women. Therefore differential approaches to sexual rehabilitation are required; in both socio-psychological and physical aspects for men and particularly in socio-psychological respect for women.