• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.196-199
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• 2016

자폐 범주성 장애를 갖는 아이들이 늘어나고 있으며 지능형 로봇의 연구가 활발하게 진행됨에 따라 사회적 상호작용의 결여, 의사소통의 부적절함 등 특징적 증상을 보이는 자폐성 장애 아동들의 치료 및 교육을 위한 치료용 로봇이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 고양이 형태의 치료용 로봇에 대한 설계 및 동작을 다루고 있다. 현장 실험의 결과를 토대로 동작을 구상하여 감성 치료를 유도하였으며 동작에 필요한 센서, 자폐아 특성을 고려한 로봇 구조를 설계하였다. 아울러 현장 실험을 진행하여 동작의 효율성을 보였다.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.7-24
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• 2021

목적 : 본 연구는 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동의 문제행동 개선을 위한 긍정적 행동지원 중재 연구 중 단일대상연구 설계를 적용한 문헌의 특성을 살펴보고 질적 수준을 알아보는 것이다. 연구방법 : 본 연구는 문헌연구로써, 분석 대상은 2011년부터 2020년까지 국내에서 게재된 9편의 단일대상연구 논문이었고, 대상 논문을 연구방법의 내용에 따라 일반적 특성과 질적 수준으로 나누어 분석하였다. 결과 : 대상 논문을 분석한 결과, 연구 대상은 취학 전 아동과 초등학령기 아동이 동일한 비율로 나타났고, 연구 설계는 중다 기초선 설계 중 행동 간 중다기초선 설계 연구가 가장 많았다. 모든 논문에서 사회적 타당도, 중재 충실도, 관찰자 신뢰도를 제시하고 있었고, 문제행동은 자해 및 공격행동, 방해행동, 자리이탈행동, 음식 거부 및 구강자극 행동 순으로 나타났으며, 종속변인은 부분 간격 기록법으로 측정한 연구가 가장 많았다. 중재 효과 확인 결과, 중재, 유지는 중재 결과가 효과적이었으나, 일반화의 결과와 효과를 제시한 연구는 제한적이었다. 분석 논문의 질적 수준은 모든 연구에서 높은 질적 수준을 보이고 있었다. 결론 : 본 연구를 통해 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동의 문제행동을 위한 긍정적 행동지원 중재 연구 중 단일대상연구 설계를 적용한 논문의 내용과 질적 수준을 확인하고 긍정적 행동지원 중재가 자폐스펙트럼장애아동의 근거기반 중재를 위한 효과적인 중재임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.514-520
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• 2000

Objective : Stereotactic psychosurgery is known as one of effective means of treating in some medically intractable psychiatric illness. However, it is unfamiliar and it's long-term clinical result has not reported in our country. The authors evaluated its long-term results of pscychosurgery and discussed its neuroanatomical basis. Methods : Since 1993, eight patients underwent stereotactic psychosurgery for medically intractable psychiatric illnesses. All were referred from psychiatrist of these disorders, one was aggressive behavior, five were obsessive-compulsive disorders(OCD), and two were depression with anxiety disorders. Bilateral amygdalotomy and subcaudate tractotomy were done for aggressive behavior, and limbic leukotomy was done for OCD and depression with anxiety. The results of OCD were evaluated with with YBOCS(Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale) and VAS (visual analogue scale), CGI(clinical global impairment) in OCD, and OAS(overt aggression scale), MMS, WAIS were checked for the evaluation of aggressive behavior. Hamilton depression scale(HAMD) was used for evaluation of depression. Ventriculography was used in the first five patients and MR-guided stereotaxy was used in recent three cases for localization of target. The lesions were made with radiofrequency lesion generator. Results : With long-term follow up(mean 45 months) in five OCDs, mean YBOCS declined from 34 to 3(n=5). All returned to previous social life. In OAS scores of aggressive behavior during six-year follow up, scores declined from 8 to 2 with clinical improvement. In two patients with depression with anxiety, HAMD declined from 28.5 to 16.5(n=2). There was no operative mortality and no significant morbidity except one case of mild transient urinary incontinence. Conclusion : With these long-term results, authors assumed that stereotactic psychosurgery could be one of safe and effective mtherapeutic methods in several medically intractable psychiatric illness.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.99-105
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• 2018

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of depression and anxiety on treatment response of social skills training in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Methods : A total of 107 teenagers that participated in the Program for the Education and Enrichment of Relational Skills (PEERS$^{(R)}$) between 2011 and 2015 were analyzed using linear regression. Outcome measures used were the Korean version of Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), the Test of Adolescent Social Skills Knowledge-Revised (TASSK-R), and the Korean version of Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (K-ADOS). Depression and anxiety were assessed by the Korean version of Child Depression Inventory (CDI), the Korean version of State and Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), and the Korean version of Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL). Results : As a result, depressive symptoms measured by CDI (p<0.05) and anxiety symptoms measured by STAIC (p<0.05) had significant influence on score change of social interaction domain of ADOS. It remained significant even after the baseline score was adjusted as covariates (p<0.05). Conclusion : We observed that pre-treatment anxiety and depressive symptoms of teenagers had significant effects on the treatment outcome of PEERS$^{(R)}$, especially in terms of face-to-face social interaction.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.345-353
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the stress-coping process used by elderly people. Method: This study was based on the grounded theory methodology of Strauss & Corbin. The participants were 15 elders selected by theoretical sampling. Over a period of 3 months, in-depth interviews using audiotape recording were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed simultaneously by a constant comparative method in which new data were continuously coded in categories and properties according to Strauss and Corbin's methodology, Result: Stress in elderly people is caused by illness, family conflict, and loss of economic power. Stress occurred in connection with aging and limitation of social activity. The central incidents for stress were fear, alienation and anxiety. It was found that action/interactional strategies of stress-coping behavior were related to social support and mobility disorders. Action/interactional strategies to stress-coping in elderly people were dependent on medical treatment, mind control, participation of social activity, and renunciation of offensive behavior. Stress-coping in elderly people resulted in stability or instability in body and mind. Conclusion: It is suggested that the results of this study may contribute to the development stress-coping strategies for elderly people. There is need to develop social support systems and a positive environment to avoid negative coping strategies.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.79-83
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• 2009

Exposure to early stressful adverse life events such as maternal and social separation plays an essential role in the development of the nervous system. Adolescent Sprague-Dawley rats that were separated on postnatal day 14 from their dam and litters (maternal social separation, MSS) showed hyperactivity and anxiolytic behavior in the open field test, elevated plus-maze test, and forced-swim test. Biologically, the number of astrocytes was significantly increased in the prefrontal cortex of MSS adolescent rats. The hyperactive and anxiolytic phenotype and biological alteration produced by this MSS protocol may provide a useful animal model for investigating the neurobiology of psychiatric disorders of childhood-onset diseases, such as attention deficient hyperactive disorder.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.690-700
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness of alcohol use during pregnancy and factors influencing the intention to abstain from alcohol during pregnancy by drinking levels. Methods: Utilizing a comparative descriptive design, a total of 359 female college students were recruited. Measurements were Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) variables related awareness of alcohol use during pregnancy, Korean Version of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, knowledge about alcohol use during pregnancy, and socio-demographic factors. Main variables were compared by drinking levels. The factors influencing the intention to abstain from alcohol during pregnancy were identified using hierarchical regression analysis. Results: Non-problematic alcohol behavior group (n=185) had higher the intention to abstain from alcohol during pregnancy than problematic alcohol behavior group (n=174) (t=3.13, p=.002). The significant TPB variables influencing the intention to abstain from alcohol during pregnancy were that attitudes (β =-.44, p<.001), subjective norms (β =.14, p=.026), and perceived behavior control (β =.19, p=.002) in non-problematic alcohol behavior group, whereas the corresponding variables in the problematic alcohol behavior group were attitudes (β =-.51, p<.001) and subjective norms (β =.21, p=.006). Conclusion: It is necessary to increase the intention to abstain from alcohol during pregnancy for the female college students having problematic alcohol behavior. The following strategies are recommended for them; decreasing acceptable attitudes toward alcohol use during pregnancy and reinforcing the influence of social pressure toward to abstain from alcohol during pregnancy.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.713-718
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Studies have indicated that university students majoring in nutrition and dietetics or sport sciences may have more obsessions associated with eating attitudes and body shape perception compared to other disciplines i.e. social sciences. Therefore, this study aimed to assess and compare the risk of eating disorders and body shape perception. MATERIALS/METHODS: Data was collected from 773 undergraduate students at the Departments of Nutrition and Dietetics (NDD) (n = 254), Physical Education and Sports (PESD) (n = 263), and Social Sciences (SOC) (n = 256).A socio-demographic and personal information questionnaire, Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-40), Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-34), Perceived Figure Rating Scale (FRS) were applied; and body weights and heights were measured. RESULTS: Mean EAT-40 scores showed that, both male and female students of PESD had the highest scores ($7.4{\pm}11.6$) compared with NDD ($14.3{\pm}8.3$) and SOC ($13.0{\pm}6.2$) (P < 0.05). According to EAT-40 classification, high risk in abnormal eating behavior was more in PESD (10.7%) compared to NDD (2.9%) and SOC (0.4%) students (P < 0.05). Students of PESD, who skipped meal, had higher tendency to the risk of eating disorders (P < 0.05). In parallel, body shape perception was found to be marked with higher scores in NDD ($72.0{\pm}28.7$) and PESD ($71.5{\pm}32.8$) compared with SOC ($64.2{\pm}27.5$) students (P < 0.05). Considering BSQ-34 classification, high concern (moderate and marked) for body shape were more in PESD (7.4 %) compared to NDD (5.2%) and SOC (1.9%) students (P < 0.05). The body size judgement via obtained by the FRS scale were generally correlated with BMI. The Body Mass Index levels were in normal range (Mean BMI: $21.9{\pm}2.8kg/m^2$) and generally consistent with FRS data. CONCLUSIONS: Tendency to the abnormal eating behavior and substantial body shape perception were higher in PESD students who have more concern on body shape and were not well-educated about nutrition. In conclusion, substantial concern on physical appearance might affect eating behavior disorders in PESD students.

• Journal of mucopolysaccharidosis and rare diseases
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.39-41
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• 2021

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic neurodevelopmental disorder of hyperphagia leading to severe obesity, intellectual deficits, compulsivity, and other behavioral problems. PWS is caused by the inactivation of contiguous genes on chromosome 15q11-q13, which complicates the development of targeted, effective therapeutics. Various preclinical studies have been conducted by developing mouse models that exhibit phenotypes similar to PWS. Oxytocin deficiency in PWS is associated with hyperphagia with impaired satiety and, food-seeking and behavior disorders. Here, we summarize the oxytocin study of ingestion behavior tested in the PWS mouse model and published data from clinical trials that have evaluated treatment effectiveness on ingestion behavior and social dysfunction in patients with PWS.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권8호
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• pp.747-752
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• 2020

This study examines cognitive impairment, which is one of the results from social exclusion and leads to logical reasoning disorders. This study also investigate how cognitive errors called abductive inference error occur due to cognitive impairment. Present study was performed with 81 college students. Participants were randomly assigned to the group who has experienced social exclusion or to the group who has not experience the social exclusion. We analyzed how the degree of error of abductive inference differs according to the social exclusion experience. The group who has experienced social exclusion showed a higher level of abductive inference error than the group who has not experience. The abductive condition inference value of the group who has experienced social exclusion was higher in the group with the deduction condition inference value of 90% than in the group with the deduction condition inference value of 10%, and the difference was also significant. This study extended the concepts of cognitive impairments, escape theory, cognitive narrowing which are used to explain addiction behavior to human cognitive bias. Also this study confirmed that social exclusion experience increased cognitive impairment and abductive inference error. Future research directions and implications were discussed and suggested.