• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.144-156
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the influence of social capital on the depression of older adults living in rural areas. Methods: Data sets were obtained from the 2019 Korea Community Health Survey. The participants were 39,390 older adults over 65 years old living in rural areas. Indicators of social capital included trust, reciprocity, network, and social participation. Depression-the dependent variable-was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Hierarchical ordinal logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with depression after adjusting the data numbers to 102,601 by applying the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE). Results: The independent variables-indicators of social capital-exhibited significant association with the depression of older adults. The odds ratios of depression were higher in groups without social capital variables. Conclusion: To reduce depression, we recommend increasing social capital. Factors identified in this study need to be considered in older adult depression intervention programs and policies.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.183-193
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• 2014

Korean personal data(information) protection law requires privacy policies post on every website. According to recent survey results, users' interests on these policies are low due to these policies' low readability and accessibility. This study proposes a layout that effectively conveys online privacy policy contents, and assesses its impact on information understandability, vividness, and recognition of users. Studies on privacy policies and layouts, media richness theory, social presence theory, and usability are used to develop the new layered approach. Using experiments, three major layouts are evaluated by randomly selected online users. Research results shows that information understandability, vividness, and recognition of privacy policies in the revised-layered approach are higher than those of in the text-only or table-based layouts. This study implies that employing visual guides like icons on privacy policy layouts may increase users' interest in those policies.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.95-112
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics and the limits of, as well as, Propose an improvement of, the government based policies that support poor single families. For this purpose, this study has analyzed the government based supporting policies for poor single families into four different aspects; income support, dwelling support, medical support, and child-caring support. Also, in order to analyze the situation of the poor single family as well as the limits of the government based supporting policies, an in-depth interview has been conducted with 8 personnel (including 7 single parents and 1 social worker). In the final analysis, a total of 5 case studies have been used to identify the characteristics of the government based supporting policies for various poor single families. As a result, it turned out that the economic situation of the poor single families were extremely unfavorable, and the quality of life was extremely low in the aspects of dwelling, nutrition, health child nurturing and education. Therefore, we are proposing the following supporting policies for the improvement of these families' living conditions: increasing income levels, providing job opportunities, securing dwelling places, providing medical support, and implementing child care benefit policies. Furthermore, we are proposing an expansion of the human services provided by the healthy family support center to these poor single families.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.101-112
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• 2016

Purpose - The objective of this study is to identify the effects of the communication cues and anonymity on group polarization in mobile communication settings, both in terms of route and extent. Research design, data and methodology - Laboratory experiments were conducted to achieve the above research objective; the effect of communication cues on group polarization with social presence as mediation and the direct effect of anonymity, social presence, and perceived cohesion were analyzed. The experiments were conducted by the participation of 240 people, who were divided into 48 groups of 5 people. Results - According to the results, the difference in intergroup polarization due to communication cues and anonymity was insignificant. From this analysis, the structural equation model, communication cues and anonymity did not affect group polarization through social presence. Moreover, anonymity did not affect group polarization through perceived cohesion; however, anonymity directly affected group polarization. Conclusions - This research can help to explain the discussions and the related decision-making actions on internet forums, which have recently come to the rise as well as provide foundational basis in newly establishing policies for the forums.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.127-134
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• 2006

The purposes of this study are to define 'housing welfare' which constitutes an important theme of discussion today and to present some future policy issues. Recently, the expression 'housing welfare' is widely used in our daily life and written in some laws, but its concept is still ambiguous. Housing welfare can be defined as 'the situation in which citizens gain access to a decent housing and adapt themselves well to the community life. In this context, the goals of housing welfare policy should be as follows: reduction of the number of households living below the minimum standard in housing, promotion of the right to housing, housing provision and management based on housing needs, linkage of housing and other welfare measures, realization of social integration and social justice. But, there are still some controversies on such questions as target group, moral hazard of beneficiaries, social equity, etc. To get all the policy alternatives more effective, efforts should be made to improve the general infrastructure of welfare policies, to prevent NIMBY phenomenon of local actors, and so on.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Quality Management Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.313-318
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• 2004

No matter what Corporate Social Responsibility has been discussed, that has been indifferent. But, new concept of Corporate Social Responsibility, Socially Responsible Investment is attracted recently and these come to the front with management strategy or policy in 2004. Corporate Social Responsibility is progressing toward direction of standardization over dimension of simple discussion. Continuance possibility Management is gathering strength by supplement method that limitation of Environment Management and Ethics Management are emphasized. How does corporation cope with change of business environment?

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.131-142
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• 2010

The paper presents the future transportation policy based on the smart highway project in korea. The backgrounds and the principal findings in this study were obtained through domestic and overseas literature surveys. The domestic and overseas transportation policies were also compared and analyzed using various case studies. As a result, the future transportation policy in Korea was concluded within the limit conducted in this paper. Research results demonstrated that the future transportation policy should be reflected and accompanied by various social developments. The social benefits from the future transportation policy should also be distribute equally to social individuals, rather than small limited groups. That is, the recent global slogan of green growth is an example of a future transportation policy since it is for all social individuals, not for a limited small group.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.251-266
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• 2003

Diffusion of non-professional flower growing in Korea still lags behind. The objectives of the study are to establish a theoretical modes to explain the diffusion of social floriculture, to identify some characteristics and problems of growing flower crops to cultivate amenities and emotions, and to suggest remedial measures for fostering it. Theoretical model adopted in this study consists of such variables as education, social movement, policies, diffusion of social flower growing, amenities, and emotional cultivation. For identifying the diffusion characteristics of flower growing, projects implemented by a non-governmental organization, schools, local and central government organizations were analyzed. In order to stimulate the diffusion of social flower growing and to increase its effects, there needs to strengthen education of stakeholders, establishment of partnership among schools, non-governmental and governmental organizations, and institutional supports including manpower and finances. Linking flower growing projects to community festival and tourism development programs can foster institutionalization of community flower growing. Furthermore, the introduction of wild, symbolic and traditional flowers and trees will help to specialize and improve community landscapes.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.1004-1012
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• 2021

The collaboration productively interacting between multi-agents has become an emerging issue in real-world applications. In reinforcement learning, multi-agent environments present challenges beyond tractable issues in single-agent settings. This collaborative environment has the following highly complex attributes: sparse rewards for task completion, limited communications between each other, and only partial observations. In particular, adjustments in an agent's action policy result in a nonstationary environment from the other agent's perspective, which causes high variance in the learned policies and prevents the direct use of reinforcement learning approaches. Unexpected social loafing caused by high dispersion makes it difficult for all agents to succeed in collaborative tasks. Therefore, we address a paradox caused by the social loafing to significantly reduce total returns after a certain timestep of multi-agent reinforcement learning. We further demonstrate that the collaborative paradox in multi-agent environments can be avoided by our proposed effective early stop method leveraging a metric for social loafing.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.26-37
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• 2024

Renewable energy sources play a key role in achieving carbon neutrality and zero net emissions in the power generation sector. Various efforts have been made to support the deployment of renewable energy, particularly solar photovoltaic and wind power, including policies to internalize the external cost of carbon emissions. In this study, we conducted a financial analysis of a 800 MW floating photovoltaic system and compared it with ground solar power generation. Additionally, we conducted a cost-benefit analysis that included the social cost of carbon. The findings showed that the floating photovoltaic project can meet the profitability target through an appropriately designed internalization of the social cost of carbon.