• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.165-172
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• 2023

Nation-state social engineering attacks are steadily being carried out as they are highly effective attacks, primarily to gain an advantage over secret information, diplomatic negotiations or future policy changes. As The Ukraine-Russia war prolongs, the activities of global hacking organizations are steadily increasing, and large-scale cyberattack attempts against major infrastructure or global companies continue, so a countermeasure strategy is needed. To this end, we determined that the social engineering attack cycle excluding physical contact among various social engineering models is the most suitable model, and analyzed the preferred social engineering attack method by comparing it with geopolitical tactics through case analysis. AS a result China favors phishing attacks, which prefer quantity over quality, such as man-made tactics, Russia prefers covert and complex spear phishing reminiscent of espionage warfare, and North Korea uses geopolitical tactics such as spear phishing and watering holes for attacks on the US and South Korea Most of the other countries aimed to secure funds with ransomware. Accordingly, a Clean Pass policy for China, periodic compulsory education in Russia, and international sanctions against North Korea were presented as countermeasure strategies.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.65-71
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• 2018

Western medicine was first introduced to Korea by Christian missionaries and then by the Japanese in the late 19th century without its historical, philosophical, cultural, social, political, and economic values being communicated. Specifically, during the Japanese colonial era, only ideologically 'degenerated' medicine was taught to Koreans and the main orthodox stream of medicine was inaccessible. Hence, Korean medical education not only focuses on basic and clinical medicine, but also inherited hierarchical discrimination and structural violence. After Korea's liberation from Japan and the Korean war, the Korean medical education system was predominantly influenced by Americans and the Western medical education system was adopted by Korea beginning in the 1980s. During this time, ethical problems arose in Korean medical society and highlighted a need for medical humanities education to address them. For Korean medical students who are notably lacking humanistic and social culture, medical humanities education should be emphasized in the curriculum. In the Fourth Industrial Revolution, human physicians may only be distinguishable from robot physicians by ethical consciousness; consequentially, the Korean government should invest more of its public funds to develop and establish a medical humanities program in medical colleges. Such an improved medical education system in Korea is expected to foster talented physicians who are also respectable people.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.21-28
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• 2015

Purpose - The Chinese government's policies and funds enable specialized farmers cooperatives to develop vigorously. However, the non-systematic supervision system affects the interests of farmer-members of these cooperatives, which are similar to the Korean NongHyup in many aspects but differ in their supervision systems such as distribution. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the problems of specialized farmers cooperatives, and obtain some insights from NongHyup. Research design, data, and methodology - Data were collected from farmers, the government, and cooperatives in northern China's Shandong Province (the cities of Jinan, Qingdao, Weifang, Linyi, and Heze) through a literature survey, case analysis, and comparative analysis in each city. Results - 1) Specialized farmers cooperatives should establish a transparent regulatory mechanism and be subject to dual supervision from both the Chinese government and farmers. 2) The Chinese government and civil society should offer more support to the cooperatives, and strive to change farmers' backward attitude through education and training. Conclusions - Small cooperatives could merge into large ones and undertake social responsibility through the establishment of labor unions.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.213-218
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• 2021

This paper proposes a technique for detecting a significant threat that attempts to get sensitive and confidential information such as usernames, passwords, credit card information, and more to target an individual or organization. By definition, a phishing attack happens when malicious people pose as trusted entities to fraudulently obtain user data. Phishing is classified as a type of social engineering attack. For a phishing attack to happen, a victim must be convinced to open an email or a direct message [1]. The email or direct message will contain a link that the victim will be required to click on. The aim of the attack is usually to install malicious software or to freeze a system. In other instances, the attackers will threaten to reveal sensitive information obtained from the victim. Phishing attacks can have devastating effects on the victim. Sensitive and confidential information can find its way into the hands of malicious people. Another devastating effect of phishing attacks is identity theft [1]. Attackers may impersonate the victim to make unauthorized purchases. Victims also complain of loss of funds when attackers access their credit card information. The proposed method has two major subsystems: (1) Data collection: different websites have been collected as a big data corresponding to normal and phishing dataset, and (2) distributed detection system: different artificial algorithms are used: a neural network algorithm and machine learning. The Amazon cloud was used for running the cluster with different cores of machines. The experiment results of the proposed system achieved very good accuracy and detection rate as well.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.343-350
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• 2019

This study focused on the status of dental care development for children and adolescents. In contrast to the chronic disease management project, this research intended to provide basic data for the expansion of the system. We summarized the status of the system's expansion since 2012. It analyzed research reports, papers, related literature and books on the system of children and adolescent dental care service. The literature analysis classifies year, publication, title and published location. The current state of the system is listed as location, target, support funds, etc. Implementation of the project was first discussed in 2007. Initial planning focused on the Oral Health Policy Research Society of the Gunchi. Effective measures were formulated in 2008 under the center of the Gunchi. It is time to discuss the dental care system's direction and development, as well as future aims based on a beneficial program of preventive care. A system of dentistry should be introduced to benefit the entire population.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.5-37
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• 2020

In the 2000s, financial exclusion of low-income people emerged as a major social problem in South Korea. Microcredit business was first introduced by NGOs to help the poor overcome poverty while the Korean government soon chose to initiate microcredit policies to assist financially marginalized low-income people as a key policy measure to alleviate social inequality and revitalize economy. Unlike the initial expectation that state intervention in microcredit industry would be more effective, the outcome has been much less impressive. This paper aims to examine the poor performance of state-led microcredit in South Korea during the period of Lee Myung-bak administration by employing the concepts of state autonomy and capacity. It finds that the state autonomy, a key characteristic of a developmental state, was high in the sense that the funds had been raised in the face of strong resistance from private financial institutions. Lack of state capacity such as low technocratic expertise and politicization of microcredit policy, however, turned out to be a major stumbling block to the state-led microcredit in South Korea. This study shows that although the Korean government still has strong willingness to intervene in the financial market even in the face of interest groups' opposition, the eventual success of state action largely depends on its capacity to effectively implement financial policies.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.349-355
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• 2021

The article investigates the conceptual principles of transformation of industrial parks into eco-industrial ones in the conditions of sustainable development. It is substantiated that the concept of sustainable development in the transformation of industrial parks is to grow industry and jobs, modernize production and introduce innovative technologies, resource and energy efficiency, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and waste storage, social protection of local communities and create favorable infrastructure. It is determined that for the transformation of industrial parks, it is necessary to improve regulatory changes, introduce criteria for compliance of industrial parks and the importance of their consideration, ensure park management by the management company and create favorable incentives for industrial entry into industrial symbiosis. It is proved that industrial parks can be an incentive for industrial development and competitiveness of enterprises. The availability of talented human capital, attractive territories, minerals, energy and mineral resources, developed domestic market, agricultural potential, transport networks is becoming an attractive place for investment and development. Industrial parks need investment. Transformation into eco-industrial parks through the implementation of sustainable development goals opens additional opportunities for access to investment funds and contributes to the implementation of growth and prosperity strategies of the country.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.855-861
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• 2005

Every public agency governing infrastructure has to plan effectively for rehabilitation of existing facilities within the constraints of the capital program. Numerous technical, social, political, financial, and management constraints govern the decision to rehabilitate a facility. However, without a systematic procedure for selecting facilities for rehabilitation, within the prevailing constraints, it is possible that the funds available for rehabilitation might be suboptimized. Therefore, a decision support system that assists the user in selecting facilities for rehabilitation while considering the technical, social, financial, and political and management constraints will be useful in the decision-making process. This paper compares the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with the Swing Weight method used to prioritize functional criteria for suburban station rehabilitation. This paper also contains a brief discussion about the relevance of the Multi Attribute utility theory in developing a decision model for the problem at hand. The results of this paper provides the user with a decision support system that would prioritize the stations in order of their weights obtained by a systematic evaluation of various criteria and sub-criteria involved in the decision making process

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.531-539
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• 2022

The government enforced policies such as social distancing and limiting business hours to prevent the spread of COVID-19. However, the impact of the long-term COVID-19 pandemic is causing more serious difficulties for small business owners. The government intended to relieve the business management pressure for small business owners by drawing up the COVID-19 emergency disaster relief funds. The funds provided temporary support for the small business owners, but the prolonged pandemic worsened the business management difficulties. Therefore, this study will apply fixes that fail and shifting the burden archetypes from the system archetype of system thinking for the exploratory deduction of policy measures as the policy leverage to effectively enhance the recovery of small business owners. In response to the situation, emergency financial aid for small business owners and support that can enhance the self-sustaining powers are required to heighten the recovery of small business owners.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.37
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• pp.407-428
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• 1999

Corporates' participation in the social welfare activities in Korea was analyzed through literature reviews and empirical survey. Literature reviews on the previous studies were implemented to identify the corporates' motivations, methods, types and funding sources of social welfare activities. The empirical survey results show that 37% (83 firms) of respondents among 222 companies has participated in direct giving to the social welfare activities by various methods and types. The bigger amount of last fiscal year's sales, the more amount of gifts to social welfare activities. The average amount of gifts was \ one billion forty-six million per company in the monetary tenn which is 0.06% of the last FY's average sales of respondents. The most frequently implemented program of the corporates' social welfare activities was 'scholarship to unprivileged adolescent', while the program which the largest amount of gifts were donated was 'support for the social welfare agencies'. For the participation methods, most corporates implement social welfare program directly, and the rest of the companies take the methods of supporting the existing social welfare agencies and institutions. The cash benefit was salient for the modes of gift transfer. Funding sources for the gifts were various such as certain portion of the amount of sales, pretax-profits, or posttax profits, and even rare, independently established funds for the social welfare activities. Among them, a certain portion of the last FY's amount of sales was the dominant source of corporates' social welfare activities.