• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.1-37
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• 2012

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the social costs induced by various transport modes such as truck, rail and sea vessel. For this purpose, we introduce the damage function of each transport modes, and estimate social costs for 10 items using Meta Analysis. As a results, this study can find that shipping is the most efficient transport mode because it gives the lowest social costs among them. This study also find that the iso-cost transport distance that gives the equal social costs between the transport modes. Our methodology can be thought somewhat inferior to the Contingent Valuation Methods, however the advantage of this methodology is that we can decomposite the total social costs into item by item and can apply it to other researches.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.85-110
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the social costs of inland trucking and maritime transport between Kwangyang Port in Korea and the Great Lakes in US. Also, this study compares these social costs each other, and finds the way how to internalize them for the efficiencies of national logistics policies. This study uses the Contingent Valuation Method to evaluate the social costs for the two transport modes in each country. The final result is that the social cost difference between inland trucking and maritime transport around US Great Lakes area is not so significant that there are not many chances to enhance the maritime transport in the region. However, in case of Korea, there is significant difference in social costs between the two transport modes, so that Korea government may have a lot of chances to improve the seaborne trade by way of various internalization policies.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.699-704
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• 2005

Normally, monetary penalties for breach of agreement will be stipulated in the contract. The contractor parties, who fail to fulfill the agreement, are required to pay the other parties a certain amount or proportion of money as a fine. However, it is worth our study - whether or not the scope of monetary penalty implementation and bases for determination of a fine will cover the losses of social and administrative costs incurred by the interruption of the contract. This research is about the best timing for government to cancel the freeway repair work contracts. Under the goal of the maximum social welfare, the limitation of government spending for the social and administrative costs invoked by interruption of contracts will have to be considered to attain the best timing of contracts' suspension or deferment. According to the factors of social and administrative costs, the best time point is calculated to reduce the loss of the aforesaid costs, which can also be used as theoretical basis for the future road-widening construction at home.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.19-35
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• 2018

This study uses the concepts of mental accounting and coupling in consumption to demonstrate a systematic relationship between behavioral costs, sunk costs, coupling, and user intention to discontinue social network services (SNS) use. An analysis of 213 SNS users found that coupling and sunk costs are two major factors that influence an individual's intention to discontinue SNS use. An interesting finding of this study is that the perception of coupling is created by behavioral costs in the context of an SNS. This finding implies that the source of cost perception when perceiving coupling may differ depending on whether the product or service is traditional or web-based. These results contribute to an expansion of the theoretical discussion of individual-level discontinuance intention after adopting SNS by conceptualizing the perception of coupling.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.613-633
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• 2020

This study identifies consumers' perceived benefits and costs when using Samsung Health (a healthcare app) based on consumer reviews from Google Play Store's app and social media discourse. We examine the differences in the benefits and the costs of Samsung Health using these two sources of data. We conducted text frequency analysis, clustering analysis, and semantic network analysis using R programming. The major findings are as follows. First, consumers experience benefits and costs on several functions of the app, such as step counting, device interlocking, information acquisition, and competition with global consumers. Second, the results of semantic network analysis showed that there were eight benefit factors and three cost factors. We also found that the three costs correspond to the benefits, indicating that some consumers gained benefits from certain functions while others gained costs from the same functions. Third, the comparison between consumer app review and social media discourse showed that the former is appropriate to assess the performance of app functions, while the latter is appropriate to examine how the app is used in daily life and how consumers feel about it. The current study suggests managerial implications to healthcare app service providers regarding what they should strengthen and improve to enhance consumers' satisfaction. It also suggests some implications from the two media, which can be mutually complementary, for researchers who study consumer opinions.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.352-361
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• 2010

Objectives: This study estimated the annual socioeconomic costs of food-borne disease in 2008 from a societal perspective and using a cost-of-illness method. Methods: Our model employed a comprehensive set of diagnostic disease codes to define food-borne diseases with using the Korea National Health Insurance (KNHI) reimbursement data. This study classified the food borne illness as three types of symptoms according to the severity of the illness: mild, moderate, severe. In addition to the traditional method of assessing the cost-of-illness, the study included measures to account for the lost quality of life. We estimated the cost of the lost quality of life using quality-adjusted life years and a visual analog scale. The direct cost included medical and medication costs, and the non-medical costs included transportation costs, caregiver's cost and administration costs. The lost productivity costs included lost workdays due to illness and lost earnings due to premature death. Results: The study found the estimated annual socioeconomic costs of food-borne disease in 2008 were 954.9 billion won (735.3 billion won-996.9 billion won). The medical cost was 73.4 -76.8% of the cost, the lost productivity cost was 22.6% and the cost of the lost quality of life was 26.0%. Conclusions: Most of the cost-of-illness studies are known to have underestimated the actual socioeconomic costs of the subjects, and these studies excluded many important social costs, such as the value of pain, suffering and functional disability. The study addressed the uncertainty related to estimating the socioeconomic costs of food-borne disease as well as the updated cost estimates. Our estimates could contribute to develop and evaluate policies for food-borne disease.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.55-65
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• 2015

An increase in patients' medical expenses for their injury. accident and intoxication is a major challenge to improve the sustain-ability of a national health security system, and increasing medical expenses need be suppressed through improving relevant systems and/or efficiently operating and managing the health insurance. At this juncture, in Korea which has a high rate of injury incidence and mortality, it is necessary to estimate social and/or economic costs for injuries with a focus on their social effects. This research has examined the results of a Korea medical panel investigation conducted in 2008, which largely surveyed of the actual conditions of outpatients' medical use for their injury, accident and/or intoxication and investigated relevant medical expenses, with a view to estimating the directly incurred costs when the patients use medical services and the production loss costs caused by an production decline and others, so that social and/or economic costs for injuries may be ultimately aggregated.

• Clean Technology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.263-272
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• 2019

Air pollutants have a high impact on everyday life as well as on human health; therefore, new technologies such as low-emission vehicles and add-on systems for air pollutant reduction are needed for our society. However, the environmental benefits and costs of those technologies are not taken into account in existing economic feasibility assessments, which is a barrier that needs to be overcome for green technology to achieve wide dissemination and fast penetration in the market. Thus, this study develops a methodology to assess the economic feasibility of an air pollutant reduction technology by taking into account the social costs from air pollutants and carries out a case study to validate the methodology. Because the social unit costs for air pollutants have not been evaluated yet in South Korea, the methodology uses the social unit costs evaluated for the European Union that are then converted to those for South Korea based on the measuring criteria for vehicle emission gases, parity purchasing price, foreign currency exchange rate, and customer price index. The social unit costs for South Korea are used to assess economic feasibility. A case study was performed to assess the economic feasibility of a dual fuel system using diesel and compressed natural gas by taking into account social costs from air pollutants as well as economic costs. This study could contribute to assessing the true economic feasibility of green technology, projects, and policy related with air pollutant reduction.

• IE interfaces
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.126-135
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• 2005

Since the alcohol involves a wide variety of adverse health and social consequences, there is a strong need for improved estimates on economic costs and benefits of alcohol drinking to reduce the social alcohol abuse and to obtain some useful informations for targeting programs. However, there is no research for the intangible costs and benefits so far that are essential to estimate the real overall costs and benefits incurred by alcohol use. Thus this paper finds out and represents a general model for estimating the intangible costs and benefits by use of alcohol demand curve. The calculated monetary values, as a example, of them in 2002 show as big as 7,900 billion won and 4,200 billion won respectively.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.71-79
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• 2015

In South Korea, few researches have been conducted into the incidence of injury diseases and into their demographic and sociologic characteristics. This research has estimated and analyzed the results of an questionnaire investigation carried out by the Korea medical panel (2008) and the social economic costs. In particular, an estimation has been conducted of social costs for each type of accident, injury and intoxication and of medical use for the injuries. For the future, it is necessary to develop concrete programs customized for age, education level, economic income and to continually implement injury prevention education, with a view to reducing the injury incidence and medical expenses; and also, individuals' participation in and social and national efforts are required for an efficient operation of the health insurance, for the purpose of reducing social and/or economic costs for injuries in South Korea.