• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2015

This study is a part of the high pressure injection system development on the Turbo GDI engine in order to reduce smoke emission in case of using the low volatile(high DI) fuel which is used as normal gasoline fuel in the US market. Firstly, theoretical approach was done regarding gasoline fuel property, performance, definition of particle matters and its creation as well as problems of the high DI fuel. In this experimental study, 2L Turbo GDI engine was selected and optimized system parameter was inspected by changing fuel, fuel injection mode (single/multiple), fuel pressure, distance between injector tip and combustion chamber, start of injection, intake valve timing in engine dyno at all engine speed range with full load. In case of normal gasoline fuel, opacity was contained within 2% in all conditions. On the other hands, in case of low volatile fuel (high DI fuel), it was confirmed that the opacity was rapidly increased above 5,000 rpm at 14.5 ~ 20 MPa of fuel pressure and there were almost no differences on the opacity(smoke) between 17 MPa and 20 MPa fuel pressure. According to the SOI retard, smoke decrease tendency was observed but intake valve close timing change has almost no impact on the smoke level in this area. Consequently, smoke decrease was observed and 16% at 6000rpm respectively with injector washer ring installed. By removing injector washer to make injector tip closer to the combustion chamber, smoke decrease was observed by 46% at 5,500 rpm, 42% at 6,000 rpm. It is assumed that the fuel injection interaction with cylinder head, piston head, intake and exhaust valve is reduced so that impingement is reduced in local area.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2009년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.279-284
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• 2009

Traditionally, so-called "industrial waste gases", such ad exhaust from boilers at industrial installations and a large quantity of soot discharged from power station, before their release into the atmosphere, have been on occasion subjected to an air cleaning process to remove fine particles that may pollute the atmosphere (such as mist and dust containing various powdery or oily substances and moisture from industrial waste gases). The release of industrial waste gases containing these particles directly into the atmosphere poses a serious threat to the earth environment; and recovery of these noxious substances is required by law in some countries and local governments. in urban areas, air pollution from automobile exhaust and others creates a serious condition. Some homes are equipped with and use indoor air purifiers. In many of the kitchens of restaurants, smoke generated during cooking and otherwise contaminated air are cleansed by air purifiers before being released outside or recycled inside. For the dust collecting devices to recover the fine particles contained in contaminated air, the cause for air pollution and how to purify air, many types based on various principles are known. Specifically, classified based on theories of particle collection, filtration, gravity, inertia, centrifugation, electricity, and cleaning types are cited as available processes. Among them, an appropriate type is selected according to the size or type of fine particles to be collected and conditions for installation. For the efficiency of dust collection, a filtration system (by using bag filters and others) and electric system are particularly outstanding and are therefore used widely in various areas of industry. In this research, rotary type high performance oil mist and smoke collecting system with self auto cleaning device equipped with the cleaning fluid spraying section is investigated.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.666-674
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• 2003

An experimental investigation was performed to study the characteristics of turbulent swirling flow in an axisymmetric annuli. The swirl angle measurements were performed by flow visualization technique using smoke and dye liquid along the test tube. Using the Particle Image Velocimetry method, this study found the time-mean velocity distribution and turbulent intensity with swirl for Re = 20.000. 30.000, 50.000. and 70.000 along longitudinal sections and the results appear to be physically reasonable.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.34-40
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• 2005

본 논문은 파티클을 이용하여 다상의 기체에 대한 형상 제어를 수행하는 기법을 제안한다. 유체를 하나의 목표 형상으로 변형시키기 위한 힘만 샐에 적용하는 기존 연구와 달리, 본 논문에서는 단일 밀도장내에서 파티클마다 다른 목표 형상으로 가고자 하는 힘을 정의하여 서로 다른 성질의 유체를 구성하는 파티클이 각자의 목표 형상으로 진행하는 동시에 상호작용이 가능하도록 하였다. 또한, 목표 형상 내부에서의 분산력을 정의하여 파티클들이 목표 형상에 도달한 후에도 목표 형상의 세밀한 특징을 표현하기 위해 멈추지 않고 고르게 분산되게 하였다.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가시화정보학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.89-95
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• 2002

An experimental investigation was performed to study the characteristics of turbulent swirling flow in an axisymmetric annuli. The swirl angle measurements were performed by flow visualization technique using smoke and dye liquid. Using the Particle Image Velocimetry method, this study found the time-mean velocity distribution and turbulent intensity with swirl for Re = 20,000, 30,000, 50,000, and 70,000 along longitudinal sections and the results appear to be physically reasonable.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2004년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.429-433
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• 2004

게임과 영화는 현재 엔터테인먼트 산업에서 가장 각광을 받고 있는 분야이며, 이러한 분야에서는 입자 시스템을 이용하여 불꽃, 폭발, 연기, 액체, 눈, 비, 먼지와 같은 특수효과를 만들어 낸다. 게임 및 가상현실에서 상위 수준의 그래픽 라이브러리인 입자 시스템 API를 사용하면 위와 같은 특수효과를 사실적으로 표현할 수 있게 한다. 입자 시스템 API를 적용 시 개발자가 원하는 형태의 특수효과가 구현될 때까지 파라미터 값을 계속 바꿔가며 소스코드를 컴파일하여야 하며, 각 파라미터들 간의 연관성 있는 세밀한 조정이 이루어지기까지 많은 시간이 필요하다는 단점을 가지고 있다. 이에, 본 논문에서는 온라인 게임 및 실시간 가상현실에 실제 적용할 수 있는 입자 시스템 API를 개발하고 위치, 속도, 색상, 투명도, 크기, 수명, 2차 위치, 2차 속도 둥의 속성 조절을 통해 손쉽게 특수효과를 생성할 수 있는 입자 시스템 에디터를 개발하고자 한다.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2007년도 동계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.576-584
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• 2007

A PIV(Particle Imaging Velocimetry) diagnostic technique for the evaluation of the flow characteristics in refrigerator is introduced. Smoke particles of which density is small enough to follow up the air flow are used for visualization of the air flows in the refrigerators. A rectangular room model is tested for the verifications of the dignostic technique. By evaluating the turbulent intensity and the deviation value of the turbulent intensity distribution that were obtained from PIV results, an optimal ventilating condition is suggested. The constructed technique is used for the diagnostics on the flow of an actual refrigerator. It has experimentally proved that the present technique is able to evaluate the ventilation conditions of refrigerators.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2008

물리기반 레픽스 기술은 연기 물, 화염과 같은 자연현상을 계산 물리학으로 시뮬레이션하고 이를 가시화하는 기술이다. 본 논문에서는 시뮬레이션 된 다수의 파티클 유체데이터를 사각 스플렛을 이용하여 3차원으로 빠르게 가시화 하는 기법을 제안한다. SPH(Smoothed Paticle hydrodynamic) 기법을 사용하여 스플렛의 위치와 법선 벡터를 계산하고, 단적 현상을 줄이 기 위해 사각뿔 형상으로 스플렛을 재구성하고 가시화 한다. SPH 기법을 사용하는 유체 시뮬레이션 엔진에 적용하여 자연스러운 물의 유동 현상을 성공적으로 가시화 하였다.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

This study was conducted to evaluate the fire retardant performance of exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets (xGnP) applied for particleboard. This work measured heat release rate(HRR), total heat release(THR) and smoke production rate(SPR) of xGnP added particleboard, using cone calorimeter to assess its fire characteristics according to the KS F ISO 5660-1 standard code. Heat release rates of all specimens treated by xGnP were less than the $200kW/m^2$ for a total experiment period of five minutes. Heat release rates of the specimens coated with xGnP were lower than those of the specimens made by mixing wood particles with xGnP directly. Meanwhile, the total heat release rates of xGnP coated specimen maintained quite lower level than the uncoated so the xGnP coating were effective in improving the fire retardant performance of particleboard. However, the smoke emission peaking problem at the initial combustion period, which was caused by adding base coating materials, should be resolved for further satisfaction as a fire retardant materials.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 1996

파티클시스템은 비정형적 물체를 표현하기 위해 모인 기본 파티클들의 집합으로 정의된다. 파티클시스템은 시간에 대해 동적인 성질을 가지므로 연기, 구름, 폭포, 폭발 등과 같이 비정형적이고 시간의 흐름에 따라 변화하는 물체를 표현하기 적합한 모델링방법이다. 그러나 표현하고자하는 물체의 모양이나 변화의 양상이 복잡한 경우 이를 조정하기 위하여 많은 수의 파라미터가 필요하게 되고, 이들 파라미터들의 상호영향을 고려하며 적절히 조절하기가 매우 어려워지게 된다. 또한 파티클의 움직임과 변화를 계산하기 위하여 운동방정식 및 변화함수를 근사화하여 사용하는데 이는 근원적인 부정확성(inaccuracy)을 내포하므로 이런 부정확성을 포함하고 있는 다수의 요인이 결합되었을 때 나타나는 궁극적 결과를 파악하기 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 이런 문제를 해결하기 위하여 기존의 파티클시스템에서의 파티클의 운동 및 변화를 제어하는 데에 퍼지제어기법을 도입하는 새로운 접근방식을 제안하고, 시스템을 구현하여 폭발장면 등을 대상으로 하여 실험한다.