• Mycobiology
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.521-526
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• 2021

Three isolates belonging to the ascomycetous genus Zygotorulaspora were obtained from the fruits of Cornus officinalis and Smilax china, and flowers of Dendranthema zawadskii var. latilobum in Gongju-si, Korea. Phylogenetic Analyses of the LSU D1/D2 domain and ITS region sequences supported the recognition of two new species: Zygotorulaspora cornina sp. nov. (type strain NIBRFGC000500475 = KACC93346P^PP) and Zygotorulaspora smilacis sp. nov. (type strain NIBRFGC000500476 = KACC93347P^PP). The two novel species revealed no growth on D-Galactose, unlike the other six species in the genus Zygotorulaspora. They are distinguished from each other by their phylogenetic differences and phenotypic characteristics such as assimilation of xylitol, 5-keto-D-gluconate, and ethanol. All species in the genus Zygotorulaspora including the two novel species have phenotypic traits of genus Zygotorulaspora: asci are persistent, sucrose and raffinose are assimilated, and m-inositol is not required for growth, and they are mainly associated with plants.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.123-124
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• 2024

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.164-170
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• 1981

In order to develop feed source from shrubby area of mountain for dairy cow, some shrub and grass were harvestied by stage of maturity and analyzed the chemical composition of herbage, and fed to milking cow to know the effect on the body weight and milk production. And the results were summarized as follow. 1. The dry matter content of green herbage was ranged average 25~50% and Smilax china and Cocculus thunbergii were the lowerest as 26.25% and 26.36% respectively and Quercus serrata was the highest as 47.19% of the species. 2. The average protein content of herbage was widely ranged from about 5% to 20%. And Pueraria thunbergiana and Albizzia julibrissin were higher as nearly 20% and Miscanthus sinesis and Arundinella hirta were lower as nearly 5~7%. 3. The average crude fiber content of most species was rarged 20~30%. And Corylus heterophylla and Smilax china were lower as about 20% and Miscanthus sinensis and Arundinella hirta were higher as nearly 37%. 4. The crude protein content of most species was decreased and the fiber content was increased by abvanced the stage of maturity. And also moisture content of green herbage was decreased by seasonal changed. 5. When air dry herbage of 5 kg per head/day was substituted for rice straw, the weight of cows and milk yield and solid not fat content were Slightly increased.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.315-323
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• 2013

This study was conducted in order to compare the biological activities of leaf and root water extracts of Smilax china L. (SC) by measuring the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents, anti-oxidant activity, inhibitory effect on ${\alpha}$-glucosidase, and anti-inflammatory gene expression. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of SC leaf (SCLE) and root (SCRE) water extracts were 127.93 mg GAE/g and 39.50 mg GAE/g and 41.99 mg QE/g and 1.25 mg QE/g, respectively. The anti-oxidative activities of SCLE and SCRE were measured using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging activity assay and reducing power assay. Both SCLE and SCRE scavenged radicals in a concentration-dependent manner, and SCLE showed stronger radical scavenging activity and reducing power than SCRE; however, both SCLE and SCRE exhibited lower activities than ascorbic acid. Compared to the anti-diabetic drug acarbose, which was used as a positive control, SCLE and SCRE exhibited low ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition activities; nevertheless, the activity of SCLE was 3.7 fold higher than that of SCRE. Finally, SCLE caused significantly decreased expression of the LPS-induced cytokines, iNOS, and COX-2 mRNA in RAW264.7 cells, indicating anti-inflammatory activity. These results indicate that SCLE might be a potential candidate as an anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory agent.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.315-324
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• 2005

The study was carried out to offer the raw data on counterplan of restoration and conservation by systematical and objective analyzing the flora and herbaceous communities around Abeliophyllum distichum habitats. In the results of flora survey, as the site that the most taxa were showed was Yulji-ri, Geosan-gun III, there was surveyed as 114 ones; 48 families, 91 genera, 99 species and 15 varieties, and as Younjeong-ri, Jincheon-gun V was showed the fewest ones, there was appeared 54 ones; 28 families, 49 genera, 47 species and 7 varieties. The dominant species of herbaceous communities were verified Humulus japonicus${\cdot}$Artemisia princeps var. orientalis(Chujeom-ri, Goesan-gun I), Oplismenus undulatifolius(Songdeok-ri, Goesan-gun II and Maechon-ri, Yeongdong-eup IV), Carex siderosticta${\cdot}$Pueraria thunbergiana${\cdot}$Artemisia princeps var. orientalis(Yulji-ri, Geosan-gun III), Streptolirion cordifolium(Younjeong-ri, Jincheon-Eun V) and Sasa borealis(Junggye-ri, Buan-gun IV). In correlation analysis, Artemisia princeps var. orientalis${\cdot}$Carex siderosticta, Sasa borealis${\cdot}$Festuca ovina, Sasa borealis${\cdot}$Smilax china and Festuca ovina${\cdot}$Smilax china were showed the highest relativity. In similarity index analysis, as the site that was showed highest value was Yulji-ri, Geosan-gun III and Maechon-ri, Yeongdong-eup IV, there was turned up about some $27.27\%$. In the results of regression analysis between environmental factors and number of species, R-square of altitude and number of species was some $70.0\%$.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.250-259
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• 2015

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been implicated in diabetic complications. In this study, the inhibitory effect on AGEs formation of 156 Korean herbal medicines has been evaluated. Among them, 15 Korean herbal medicines were showed to have significant effect (IC₅₀: <10 μg/ml) compared to positive reference, aminoguandine (IC₅₀: 76.47±4.81 μg/ml). Especially, four herbal medicines, Alnus firma (leaves, IC₅₀: 3.25±0.10 μg/ml), Juncus decipiens (whole plants, IC₅₀: 4.30±0.44 μg/ml), Smilax china (stems, IC₅₀: 3.55±0.21 μg/ml), and Vicia amoena (Aerial parts, IC₅₀: 4.25±0.06 μg/ml) showed more potent inhibitory activity approximately 8-24 fold) than the positive control aminoguanidine.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.545-555
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• 2015

Oxyresveratrol (trans-2,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene) has been receiving increasing attention because of its astonishing biological activities, including antihyperlipidemic, neuroprotection, antidiabetic, anticancer, antiinflammation, immunomodulation, antiaging, and antioxidant activities. Oxyresveratrol is a stilbenoid, a type of natural phenol and a phytoalexin produced in the roots, stems, leaves, and fruits of several plants. It was first isolated from the heartwood of Artocarpus lakoocha, and has also been found in various plants, including Smilax china, Morus alba, Varatrum nigrum, Scirpus maritinus, and Maclura pomifera. Oxyresveratrol, an aglycone of mulberroside A, has been produced by microbial biotransformation or enzymatic hydrolysis of a glycosylated stilbene mulberroside A, which is one of the major compounds of the roots of M. alba. Oxyresveratrol shows less cytotoxicity, better antioxidant activity and polarity, and higher cell permeability and bioavailability than resveratrol (trans-3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene), a well-known antioxidant, suggesting that oxyresveratrol might be a potential candidate for use in health functional food and medicine. This review focuses on the plant sources, chemical characteristics, analysis, biosynthesis, and biological activities of oxyresveratrol as well as describes the perspectives on further exploration of oxyresveratrol.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.443-455
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate the flora of Mt. Jang located at Haeundae-Gu in Busan. The survey for the flora was carried out from Oct. 2008 to Sep. 2009. The results were obtained as follows. The flora consists of 5 forms, 22 varieties, 238 species, 198 genera, 91 families, 47 orders, 7 classes, and 3 divisions as total 265 taxa. The typical communities were Osmunda japonica com., Stephanandra incisa com., Gleichenia japonica com., Eurya japonica-Pinus thunbergii com., Styrax japonica-Pinus thunbergii com., and Smilax china com. which were distributed along Forest Bathing Area and Yangun Falls, Miscanthus sinensis for. purpurascens com., Carpinus turczaibovii var. coreana com and Pseudosasa japonica were distributed around the top of mountain. According to the ecological characteristic species, the evergreen plants were observed 15 taxa 14 genera 13 families, the naturalized plants 18 taxa 17 genera 10 families, the specific plants categorized by Ministry of Environment 20 taxa 18 genera 18 families, the endangered plant 1 specie Utricularia yakusimensis, and the cultivated plants were observed 21 taxa 18 genera 14 families.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.129-135
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• 1991

To investigate on the trace element content of twelve edible mushrooms and Aloe arborescens, i. e., Lentinus edodes, Ganoderma lucidum (culturing in wood and soil), Tricholoma matsutake, Agaricus bisporus, Cyrophora esculenta, Auricularia auricula-Jude (produced in Korea and China), Sarcodon asparatus, Pleurotus ostreatus, Coriolus versicolor, Smilax rotundifolia and Aloe arborescerts were analyzed by Atomic absorption spectrometer. The obtained results were summerized as follows: 1. Potassium, sodium, magnesium and iron content for the most part samples were in large quantities, especially phosphorus content of those was highest ammount for the all samples. 2. Sodium content was much ammount in the Lentinus edodes (39mg) and Ganoderma lucidurn (20 mg), Culturing in wood and soil, while potassium was very high ammount in the Aloe arborescens and other samples. Mush ammount of magnesium as compared with others was Lentinus edodes (144mg), Ganoderma lucidurn (128mg), Aloe arborescerts (50mg) and pleurotus ostreatus (60mg). Phosphorus content of Ganoderma lucidurn, Lentinus edodes, Gyrophora esculenta, Auricularia polytricha and Agaricus bisporus was much ammount while iron content of all samples equality higher ammount. Sodium content of Aloe arborescens was not analyzed out for almost all, its potassium (82mg), magnesium (50mg) and iron (18rng) content comparatively higher quentity than others minerals and phosphorus volume (4.9mg) as compared with others, was conspicuously lower detect. 4. Cadimium and lead content of harmful metal element were detected on trace quentity for the most part samples 5. Organic acids of samples i.e., Legtinus edodes, Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Ganoderma lucidum were Citrate, Malate, Fumalate, Succinate, Oxalate, Acetate, Lactate, and Tartarate and Citrate, Malate and Fumarate contents were higher amount remarkbly than other organic acids. Tartarate content was trace amount.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.19-30
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• 2013

This study was proposed to adaptable species according to climate change using warmth index(WI) in Cheonan-Si. RCP 8.5 was used to estimate change of warmth index(WI) depending on climate change in Cheonan-Si. Climatic change of Cheonan-Si was estimated to change from cool temperate forest central zone to warm temperate forest zone. The following plant species will survive within WI change of Cheonan-Si from 2010 to 2050 : 18 species in the tree layer including Quercus serrata, Q. variabilis, Pinus densiflora, Q. acutissima etc.; 28 species in the shrub layer including Rhus trichocarpa, Lindera obtusiloba, Zanthoxylum schinifolium etc.; 24 species in the herb layer including Oplismenus undulatifolius, Carex lanceolata, etc.; 12 species in the vine plants including Smilax china, Cocculus trilobus, etc.