• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.218-226
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• 2019

The use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) is the key to operate a change from the traditional manual reading of water meters and sensors to an automated system where high frequency data is remotely collected and analyzed in real time, one of the main components of a Smart Water Grid. The recent boom of ICT offers a wide range of both wired and wireless technologies to achieve this objective. We review and present in this article the most widely recognized technologies and protocols along with their respective advantages, drawbacks and applicability range which can be Home Area Network (HAN), Building Area Network (BAN) or Local/Neighborhood Area Network (LAN/NAN). We also present our findings and we give recommendations on the application of ICT in Smart Water Grids and future work needed.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.863-870
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 디지털 수도계량기(smart water meter) 연계형 상수도 원격검침시스템(automatic meter reading)의 국외 시장동향 및 원격검침시스템의 각 구성 요소기술의 개발현황과 현장적용 사례 등을 조사 분석하였다. 국외의 디지털 수도계량기 제조업체는 주로 미국 또는 유럽업체들로서 최근에는 북미뿐만 아니라 아시아 및 유럽에서도 원격검침시스템 사업을 확장하고 있다. 대부분의 디지털 수도계량기 제조업체는 원격검침용 디지털 수도 계량기에서 측정된 데이터를 활용하여 실시간 소비량 검침 및 비용 고지, 절수, 누수탐지, 수질 모니터링, 유량제어 등의 기능이 부가된 통합관리시스템(integrated water management system)과 연계하여 운영하고 있다. 데이터 전송방식은 디지털 수도계량기, 센서를 통해 검출된 데이터를 근거리 통신망(neighborhood area network)을 통해 수집기(data concentration unit)로 전송 후 광역 통신망(wide area network)을 통해 검침서버로 전송하였으며, 데이터 전송방식은 도시 규모, 계량기의 밀도, 전력공급 여부 및 통신망의 설치 여부 등을 종합적으로 고려하여 결정되었다. 일반적인 검침방식은 (1) 고정망(fixed network)을 통한 중앙 검침, (2) 차량(drive by)을 이용한 검침, (3) 사람(walk by)에 의한 검침, 그리고 (4) 비행식(fly by) 검침방식 등이 적용되었다. 전 세계적으로 디지털 수도계량기 연계형 원격검침시스템이 확산되어 용수 및 에너지를 절감하고 수도 요금을 절약하여 온실가스의 배출을 최소화하고 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2023년도 학술발표회
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• pp.183-183
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• 2023

Smart water cities (SWC) are urban municipalities that utilizes modern innovations in managing and preserving the urban water cycle in the city; with the purpose of securing sustainability and improving the quality of life of the urban population. Understanding the different urban water characteristics and management strategies of cities situate a baseline in the development of evaluation scheme in determining whether the city is smart and sustainable. This research herein aims to develop measurements and evaluation for SWC Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), and set up a unified global standard and certification scheme. The assessment for SWC is performed in technical, as well as governance and prospective aspects. KPI measurements under Technical Pillar assess the cities' use of technologies in providing sufficient water supply, monitoring water quality, strengthening disaster resilience, minimizing hazard vulnerability, and maintaining and protecting the urban water ecosystem. Governance and Prospective Pillar on the other hand, evaluates the social, economic and administrative systems set in place to manage the water resources, delivering water services to different levels of society. The performance assessment is composed of a variety of procedures performed in a quantitative and qualitative manner, such as computations through established equations, interviews with authorities in charge, field survey inspections, etc. The developed SWC KPI measurements are used to evaluate the urban water management practices for Busan Eco Delta city, a Semulmeori waterfront area in Gangseo district, Busan. The evaluation and scoring process was presented and established, serving as the basis for the application of the smart water city certification all over the world. The established guideline will be used to analyze future cities, providing integrated and comprehensive information on the status of their urban water cycle, gathering new techniques and proposing solutions for smarter measures.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 스마트시티 하천관리를 효율적으로 수행하기 위하여 웹상에서 홍수분석 모델을 연계하고 입력 및 출력 정보를 데이터베이스화하여 정보를 제공하는 연계플랫폼을 개발하였다. 연계플랫폼에서는 스마트시티 내 홍수분석을 하기 위하여 유역유출 분석 모델, 하천흐름 분석 모델 그리고 도시유출 분석 모델을 적용하였다. 본 플랫폼에서는 적용한 모델을 통해 스마트시티 내 발생할 수 있는 도시유출에 대하여 단계적으로 접근함으로써 더욱 신뢰성 있는 결과를 획득할 수 있다. 또한, 데이터 수집, 입력데이터 생성 및 결과 데이터 저장과 같은 모든 분석 과정이 웹상에서 진행되기 때문에 특수 장비나 도구 없이 웹에 접근할 수 있는 환경만 구축된다면 분석 수행과 결과 조회가 가능하다. 이를 통하여 스마트시티 관리자들은 효율적인 하천 및 도시 관리가 가능하고, 더불어 도시유출에 대한 교육용 자료로도 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국빅데이터학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2018

스마트 물관리 분야에서도 빅데이터 분석을 통해 경쟁력을 강화하려는 요구가 급증하면서 빅데이터에 대한 체계적인 관리(거버넌스)가 중요한 이슈로 부각되고 있다. 빅데이터 거버넌스는 데이터의 품질보장, 프라이버시 보호, 데이터 수명관리, 데이터 전담조직을 통한 데이터 소유 및 관리권의 명확화 등의 데이터 관리를 평가하고(Evaluation), 지시하며(Direction), 모니터링(Monitoring) 하는 체계적인 관리활동을 의미한다. 빅데이터 거버넌스가 확립되지 못하면 중요한 의사결정에 품질이 낮은 데이터를 사용함으로써 심각한 문제를 야기할 수 있으며, 개인 프라이버시 관련 데이터로 인해 빅브라더의 우려가 현실화될 수 있고, 폭증하는 데이터의 수명관리 소홀로 인해 IT 비용이 급증하기도 한다. 이러한 기술적인 문제가 완비되더라도 데이터 관련 문제를 전담하고 책임지는 조직과 인력이 없다면 빅데이터 효과는 지속되지 못할 것이다. 본 연구에서는 빅데이터 기반의 스마트 물관리를 위한 데이터 거버넌스 구축모델을 제시하고, 실제 물관리 업무에 적용한 사례를 소개한다.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.127-135
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• 2022

With the advent of high technologies such as the 4th Industrial Revolution and artificial intelligence and big data, efforts are being made to solve urban problems and improve the quality of life by applying new technologies in the smart city field. In addition, as carbon neutrality has emerged as an important issue due to global warming, smart city energy platform technologies such as urban energy management, efficiency improvement, and carbon reduction are in the spotlight. In order to effectively manage urban energy, energy resource information such as electricity, water, gas, hot water, heating, etc. must be collected from the management system of various energy utilities and managed on the central platform. The centrally integrated data is delivered to external city management systems that require city energy information through an energy platform. This study developed a CIM profile for smart city energy monitoring required to provide energy data to external systems. Electric data model were designed using the CIM class of IEC 61970, and water, gas, and heat data model were designed in compliance with the UML-based design ideas of IEC 61970.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.141-148
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• 2017

The waterworks company is in charge of managing water facilities buried underground, and the management has been centered on manholes. However, since there is no standard management manual, it has been impossible to introduce and operate a systemized managing tool by water service providers and managers, and manhole management has been carried out by individual data recording personnel for each water service provider. When the management is carried out individually, the data to be shared by other waterworks managers tend to be privatized, and consequently, it may become a big obstacle to proceed with many civil works such as emergency leak repair, road excavation, replacement of old buildings. This report introduces RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) system which is based on the magnetic field capable of IOT. It also describes the necessity of leveraging the system for smart managing of pipe management record that has been done by hand writing. The RFID system includes RFID marker, data reader, portable computer operating program, and data base server operating program. In this system, the data is managed with a single communication device, and it would be possible to share the information on the underground facilities and water treatment facilities. This RFID technology is expected to provide water service providers with opportunities to develop more scientific and modernized underground facilities information systems.

• 물과 미래
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• 제49권11호
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• pp.48-54
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• 2016

• 물과 미래
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• 제43권10호
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• pp.48-54
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• 2010

• 한국관개배수논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.127-140
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• 2014

Recently drastic climate changes(e.g., extreme floods and droughts) are often taking place around the world. Even an increase in uncertainty, population, and mega cities has caused drastic changes in water recycle process. As in other countries, Korea has faced some issues relevant to water security. In response to these changes, Smart Water Grid(SWG) system combining the current water resources management with ICT (Information and Communications Technology) is considered as a new paradigm for the Korean water resources management. This study aims to explore and identify influential factors contributing to the SWG system's application to analyze the importance and role of those factors, and then to offer a policy suggestion for the successful application of the SWG system along with legislative improvements in Korea. In this study, we looked at different barriers related to the SWG application and also the complicated Korean water laws, enacted by different ministries and in order to efficiently apply the SWG system to the current Korean water resources management structures. This study employed qualitative research methods to analyze and identify the priorities of the tasks to be implemented by analyzing conditions for the SWG application, especially related to multi water sources and micro water grid, because legal and institutional measures can be more important to manage conflicts between different stakeholders once the SWG enters a phase of standardization and commercialization from its development stage.