• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-24
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• 2006

The optimal design of multiple tuned mass dampers (multiple TMD's) to suppress multi-mode structural response of beams and floor structures was investigated. A new method using a numerical optimizer, which can effectively handle a large number of design variables, was employed to search for both optimal placement and tuning of TMD's for these structures under wide-band loading. The first design problem considered was vibration control of a simple beam using 10 TMD's. The results confirmed that for structures with widelyspaced natural frequencies, multiple TMD's can be adequately designed by treating each structural vibration mode as an equivalent SDOF system. Next, the control of a beam structure with two closely-spaced natural frequencies was investigated. The results showed that the most effective multiple TMD's have their natural frequencies distributed over a range covering the two controlled structural frequencies and have low damping ratios. Moreover, a single TMD can also be made effective in controlling two modes with closely spaced frequencies by a newly identified control mechanism, but the effectiveness can be greatly impaired when the loading position changes. Finally, a realistic problem of a large floor structure with 5 closely spaced frequencies was presented. The acceleration responses at 5 positions on the floor excited by 3 wide-band forces were simultaneously suppressed using 10 TMD's. The obtained multiple TMD's were shown to be very effective and robust.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.227-242
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• 2019

Seismic isolation systems employ structural control that protect both buildings and vibration-sensitive contents from destructive effects of earthquakes. Structural control is divided into three main groups: passive, active, and semi-active. Among them, semi-active isolation systems, which can reduce floor displacements and accelerations concurrently, has gained importance in recent years since they don't require large power or pose stability problems like active ones. However, their seismic performance may vary depending on the variations that may be observed in the mechanical properties of semi-active devices and/or seismic isolators. Uncertainties relating to isolators can arise from variations in geometry, boundary conditions, material behavior, or temperature, or aging whereas those relating to semi-active control devices can be due to thermal changes, inefficiencies in calibrations, manufacturing errors, etc. For a more realistic evaluation of the seismic behavior of semi-active isolated buildings, such uncertainties must be taken into account. Here, the probabilistic behavior of semi-active isolated buildings under historical pulse-like near-fault earthquakes is evaluated in terms of their performance in preserving structural integrity and protecting vibration-sensitive contents considering aforementioned uncertainties via Monte-Carlo simulations of 3-story and 9-story semi-active isolated benchmark buildings. The results are presented in the form of fragility curves and probability of failure profiles.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.109-119
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• 2011

현재까지 스마트 면진시스템은 일본이냐 미국 같은 강진지역에서 개발되고 적용되어 왔다. 이렇게 강진지역에 있는 건축물을 지진하중으로부터 보호하기 위하여 개발된 스마트 면진시스템은 우리니라와 같은 중약진 지역에 있는 건축물에 그대로 적용되기에는 많은 한계점이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 강진지역에 건설되는 건축물을 위한 스마트 면진시스템을 중약진 지역에 건설되는 건축물에 작용하였을 때 발생하는 문제점음 검토해보았다. 이를 위하여 예제구조물로 대공간 아치구조물을 선택하였고 스마트 면전시스템은 MR 감쇠기와 저감쇠 탄성베어링을 사용하여 구성하였다. 강진지역과 중약진 지역에서 발생하는 지진하중으로는 기존에 발생한 역사지진을 바탕으로 인공지진을 생성하였다. 수치해석결과 강진지역에 건설되는 대공간구조물을 위하여 개발된 스마트 면진시스템을 그대로 중약진 지역에 적용하면 면진효과가 상당히 줄어들므로 스마트 제어장지의 용량이 중약진 지역에 맞추어 주의 깊게 설계되어야 함을 알 수 있었다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1107-1127
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• 2016

Studies on dynamic characteristics of the hanger vibration using field monitoring data are important for the design and evaluation of high-speed railway truss arch bridges. This paper presents an analysis of the hanger's dynamic displacement responses based on field monitoring of Dashengguan Yangtze River Bridge, which is a high-speed railway truss arch bridge with the longest span throughout the world. The three vibration parameters, i.e., dynamic displacement amplitude, dynamic load factor and vibration amplitude, are selected to investigate the hanger's vibration characteristics in each railway load case including the probability statistical characteristics and coupled vibration characteristics. The influences of carriageway and carriage number on the hanger's vibration characteristics are further investigated. The results indicate that: (1) All the eight railway load cases can be successfully identified according to the relationship of responses from strain sensors and accelerometers in the structural health monitoring system. (2) The hanger's three vibration parameters in each load case in the longitudinal and transverse directions have obvious probabilistic characteristics. However, they fall into different distribution functions. (3) There is good correlation between the hanger's longitudinal/transverse dynamic displacement and the main girder's transverse dynamic displacement in each load case, and their relationships are shown in the hysteresis curves. (4) Influences of the carriageway and carriage number on the hanger's three parameters are different in both longitudinal and transverse directions; while the influence on any of the three parameters presents an obvious statistical trend. The present paper lays a good foundation for the further analysis of train-induced hanger vibration and control.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.57-72
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• 2010

This paper presents the most significant results obtained within a broad-ranging experimental program aiming to evaluate both the effectiveness and the robustness of a Base Isolation (BIS) and a Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) combined control strategy (BI & TMD). Following a brief description of the experimental model set-up and the adopted kinematic scaling technique, this paper describes the identification procedures carried out to characterize the system''s model. The dynamic response of a small-scale model to recorded earthquake excitations, which has been scaled by using the Buckingham pi-theorem, are later presented and discussed. Finally, the effectiveness and robustness of the combined control strategy is evaluated by comparing the model's dynamic response. In particular, reduction in relative displacements and absolute accelerations due to the application of different mass damping systems is investigated.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제11권8호
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• pp.338-348
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• 2001

A hybrid self-hearing motor, which Is a functional combination of general permanent magnet (PM) motor and hybrid active magnetic bearing(AMB), was proposed a few years ago. In this paper the hybrid self-bearing motor is modified to a disk type, in which one of two magnetic hearings was substituted for a thin yoke to make the system more compact. An outer rotors in this self-hearing motor is actively controlled only in two radial directions while the ocher motions are passively salable owing to the disk-type structure. Main advantages of the proposed self-hearing motor are simple control mechanism, low power consumption and smart structure. Mathematical model for the magnetic force Is built wish consideration of the radial displacement of the rotor. The model helps us not only to design a levitation controller but also to expect the system performance. Some experimental results show good capability and feasibility of the Proposed self-bearing motor.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.799-805
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• 2022

Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) are widely used in systems requiring high control precision, efficiency, and reliability. Predicting the remaining useful life (RUL) with health monitoring of PMSMs prevents catastrophic failure and ensures reliable operation of system. In this study, a model-based method for predicting the RUL of PMSMs using phase current and vibration signals is proposed. The proposed method includes feature selection and RUL prediction based on a particle filter with a degradation model. The Paris-Erdogan model describing micro fatigue crack propagation is used as the degradation model. An experimental set-up to conduct accelerated life test, capable of monitoring various signals was designed in this study. Phase current and vibration data obtained from an accelerated life test of the PMSMs were used to verify the proposed approach. Features extracted from the data were clustered based on monotonicity and correlation clustering, respectively. The results identify the effectiveness of using the current data in predicting the RUL of PMSMs.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.69-80
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• 2017

In or To use, manage, and preserve sustainable water resources for the current and future generations amid the threat of abnormal climate, it is necessary to establish a smart water grid system, the next-generation intelligent water management system. In this study, sensors, which make use of the five senses to watch, listen, and detect machine vibration, bearing temperature, machine operation sounds, current, voltage, and other symptoms that cannot be verified when the irrigation facilities are running, are used to establish various decision-making criteria appropriate to on-site situations. Based on such criteria, the unmanned conditions in the facilities were verified and analyzed. Existing technologies require on-site workers to check any defects caused by overloading of machines, which is the biggest constraining factor in the application of an unmanned control system for irrigation facilities. The new technology proposed in this study, on the other hand, allows for the unmanned analysis of the existence of machine vibration. This controls the decision-making process of any defect based on the analysis results, and necessary measures are taken automatically, resulting in improved reliability of the unmanned automation.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2022

최근 인공위성 임무 고도화에 따라 고성능의 전장품이 탑재되어 시스템 소요전력이 증가되고 있다. 이에 따라 충분한 전력확보를 위하여 태양전지판 크기 또한 점차 증가하고 있다. 태양전지판의 크기 증가 및 중량화는 위성체 자세 기동 시 발생하는 진동과의 커플링 등에 의해 태양전지판 탄성 진동의 크기 증가를 유발한다. 상기 진동은 힌지 및 요크를 통해 위성체에 전달되어 지향성능이 요구되는 고정밀 관측위성의 지향성능과 직결되어 고해상도 영상 획득 임무 성능을 저하시킨다. 종래에는 태양전지판의 탄성 진동을 저감시키고자 고강도 설계에 집중 또는 별도의 보강재 및 댐퍼 시스템을 적용하였다. 그러나, 이는 부피 및 무게를 증가시키며 시스템 복잡성이 증가하는 한계점이 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 상기 한계점을 극복하고자 초탄성 형상기억합금(SMA: Shape Memory Alloy) 양면에 점탄성 테이프로 박막층을 적층함으로써 댐핑 특성을 극대화하였으며, 별도 시스템 적용없이 작은 부피 및 무게로 진동을 저감하여 시스템 경량화에 기여할 수 있는 설계기법을 제안하였다. 제안한 초탄성 SMA 적층형 태양전지판 요크를 태양전지판 더미에 적용시켜 자유감쇠시험 및 온도시험을 통해 설계 유효성을 입증하였다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.943-966
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• 2016

Recently, magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) material and its devices have been developed and attracted a good deal of attention for their potentials in vibration control. Among them, a highly adaptive base isolator based on MRE was designed, fabricated and tested for real-time adaptive control of base isolated structures against a suite of earthquakes. To perfectly take advantage of this new device, an accurate and robust model should be built to characterize its nonlinearity and hysteresis for its application in structural control. This paper first proposes a novel hysteresis model, in which a nonlinear hyperbolic sine function spring is used to portray the strain stiffening phenomenon and a Voigt component is incorporated in parallel to describe the solid-material behaviours. Then the fruit fly optimization algorithm (FFOA) is employed for model parameter identification using testing data of shear force, displacement and velocity obtained from different loading conditions. The relationships between model parameters and applied current are also explored to obtain a current-dependent generalized model for the control application. Based on the proposed model of MRE base isolator, a second-order sliding mode controller is designed and applied to the device to provide a real-time feedback control of smart structures. The performance of the proposed technique is evaluated in simulation through utilizing a three-storey benchmark building model under four benchmark earthquake excitations. The results verify the effectiveness of the proposed current-dependent model and corresponding controller for semi-active control of MRE base isolator incorporated smart structures.